8BUnit1現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)語法課件

1、 現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成助動詞助動詞have have (has(has）+ + 過過去分詞去分詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成過去分詞的構(gòu)成上一頁下一頁 Typeoriginal p.t p.pcostcostcostreadreadreadmeetmetmetcatchcaughtcaught rideroderiddenspeakspokespokendrinkdrankdrunkeatateeatenABBAAA ABC主菜單現(xiàn)在完成時的主要用法現(xiàn)在完成時的主要用法一.表示過去發(fā)生或已完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。上一頁下一頁He has just turned off the li

2、ght.He has just turned off the light. (他剛把燈關(guān)了。)相當于：He turned off the light just now. The light isnt on now. 即關(guān)燈這一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果和影響：現(xiàn)在燈不亮了。 I have already finished my homework.I have already finished my homework.( (我已我已經(jīng)經(jīng)完成了家庭作完成了家庭作業(yè)業(yè)。)主菜單二.表示從過去某一時刻開始并一直延 續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或事情,但動作或事情可能仍在繼續(xù)。上一頁下一頁 I want to see ho

3、w much the place has I want to see how much the place has changed since changed since I saw it last. I saw it last. 我想看看從上次見到那地方以來它發(fā)生了多大變化。I have learnt English for more than I have learnt English for more than ten years. ten years. 我已經(jīng)學(xué)了10多年的英語?，F(xiàn)在完成時的主要用法現(xiàn)在完成時的主要用法三.表示人曾有過或到目前為止從未有過的經(jīng)歷.上一頁下一頁Have y

4、ou ever been to the Have you ever been to the Summer Palace?Summer Palace?(你曾去過頤和園嗎?) I have never had a car.I have never had a car. (我從未有過汽車。)現(xiàn)在完成時的現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語時間狀語常與連用，如:already, already, so far, for the last few weeksso far, for the last few weeks等,表示“”所發(fā)生的動作.還可以和never, ever, just, yet, never, ever

5、, just, yet, before, up to before, up to (到說話時仍未結(jié)束)的,表示連用，如:now, now, today, this morning (afternoon, today, this morning (afternoon, evening, week, month, year), these evening, week, month, year), these days, since, for a long time days, since, for a long time等.上一頁下一頁現(xiàn)在完成時的現(xiàn)在完成時的知識點檢查知識點檢查1、He_ （wr

6、ite）the sentence .2、 _you_(修理)your bike yet?3、Computers_(come)into use _(近來).4、_you_ _ _ (看展覽) recently?No.Is it about changes in Beijing over the past_(世紀)?5、He_ _ _ _(忘記標題),hasnt he? 上一頁下一頁has writtenHaverepairedhave comerecentlyHaveseen any exhibitionscenturyhas forgotten the title一、一、sincesince短

7、語或從句表示過去的動短語或從句表示過去的動 作延續(xù)至今，作延續(xù)至今，sincesince之后的時間為一點（過去的之后的時間為一點（過去的時間點）時間點）。 Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984.Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. （1984年以來，史密斯先生一直在這工作。）年以來，史密斯先生一直在這工作。）Hes learned about 5,000 English words since he Hes learned about 5,000 English words since he went to colleg

8、e.went to college.（他上大學(xué)以來大約學(xué)了五千個英語單詞。）（他上大學(xué)以來大約學(xué)了五千個英語單詞。）上一頁下一頁一個過去時間點一個過去時間點(1980)一段時間一段時間ago從句（過去時）從句（過去時）since二二、forfor短語表示動作延續(xù)多長時短語表示動作延續(xù)多長時 間，間，forfor的賓語為時間段。的賓語為時間段。 （two two weeks/six months/five daysweeks/six months/five days） We have known each other for We have known each other for twenty

9、 years.twenty years. （我們認識有二十年了。）（我們認識有二十年了。） I havent seen her for a long time.I havent seen her for a long time. （我好久沒有見到她了。）（我好久沒有見到她了。）上一頁下一頁用用 for or since填空再互改填空再互改 1. We have lived here _ 1990. 2. How long have you studied here ? _ 5 years . 3. The boy has had a bad cold _ last night . 4. Mr.

10、 Huang has kept the books _ a week ago . 5.I have taught in the school _ I came here two years ago. 6.We have been friends _ a long time .sinceForsincesincesinceforjust, recentlyjust, recently是完成時的時間狀語，是完成時的時間狀語，just now just now 有有a moment ago a moment ago 之意，是之意，是一般過去時的時間狀語。一般過去時的時間狀語。The train ha

11、s just arrived.The train has just arrived. （火車剛到。）Did you see Joan just now?Did you see Joan just now? （你剛才看到瓊了嗎？）Have you heard from your family Have you heard from your family lately/recently?lately/recently? （你最近收到家人的來信了嗎？）上一頁下一頁just, recentlyjust, recently是完成時的時間狀語，是完成時的時間狀語，just now just now 有有

12、a moment ago a moment ago 之意，是之意，是一般過去時的時間狀語。一般過去時的時間狀語。 I I_(lose)my pen just now._(lose)my pen just now.I I_ just _(lose)my pen ._ just _(lose)my pen .（我剛才丟了鋼筆）She_ just _(buy) a book.She_ just _(buy) a book.She_ (buy) a book just now.She_ (buy) a book just now.（她剛才買了本書）上一頁下一頁losthavelosthasbought

13、bought七、七、everever和和nevernever也是現(xiàn)在完成時常也是現(xiàn)在完成時常見的時間狀語。前者意思是見的時間狀語。前者意思是“曾曾經(jīng)經(jīng)”，多見于疑問句或否定句中；，多見于疑問句或否定句中；后者意思是后者意思是“從來沒有從來沒有”，表示全，表示全部否定。部否定?！?“Have you ever seen the film?” Have you ever seen the film?” “No. I have never seen it.”“No. I have never seen it.”（“你曾經(jīng)看過這部影片嗎？你曾經(jīng)看過這部影片嗎？” “沒有，沒有， 從來沒看從來沒看過。過

14、。”）Nobody in our class has ever Nobody in our class has ever been there.been there. （我們班沒有人去過那。）（我們班沒有人去過那。）上一頁下一頁八、八、alreadyalready和和yetyet常見于現(xiàn)在完成時常見于現(xiàn)在完成時中，有中，有“已經(jīng)已經(jīng)”之意。前者一般用之意。前者一般用在肯定句中，后者用在疑問句中。在肯定句中，后者用在疑問句中。yetyet在否定句中有在否定句中有“還還”之意。之意?！?“Has the bus left yet”? Has the bus left yet”? “Yes. It

15、has already left.” “Yes. It has already left.” (“No. It hasnt left yet.)(“No. It hasnt left yet.) “汽車開走了嗎？汽車開走了嗎？” “是的，已經(jīng)開走了。是的，已經(jīng)開走了。” “不，還沒有開走。不，還沒有開走。 ”上一頁下一頁 “already” 用于現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句中用于現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句中, “yet” 用于現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句和疑問句中用于現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句和疑問句中. 用用“already” “yet”填空填空 He has ( ) visited many places in He has

16、 ( ) visited many places in China. ( )China. ( ) 注意注意 already 在句中的兩種位置在句中的兩種位置. The train hasnt arrived .The train hasnt arrived .火車（到現(xiàn)在）火車（到現(xiàn)在）還沒有到。還沒有到。 Has she arrived ? Has she arrived ? 她她已已經(jīng)經(jīng)到了到了嗎嗎？Hasnt he come ?Hasnt he come ? 她還沒來嗎她還沒來嗎？alreadyalreadyyet yet yet1.The boy has already gone ho

17、me . （改為一般疑問句） _2. The girl has not given it to me yet. （改為肯定句）_3.They have visited the Ice Island already.（改為否定句和一般疑問句） Complete their conversation using the present perfect tense of the verbs in brackets with the correct time expressions.Simon: Have you_ (travel) by plane?Daniel: No, I_ ( not trav

18、el ) by plane_, but Ill fly to Sanya this summer. My parents and I will stay there for a whole week to enjoy the sun and the beach.Simon: Im sure youll enjoy the trip. By the way, did you know that my family_( own) a boat_ 1920?ever travelledhavent travelledyethas ownedsinceDaniel: I cant believe yo

19、ur family_( own) a boat _ over 80 years!Simon: In fact, you _( see) it in the sitting room.Daniel: Oh,yes,but thats not a real boat. Its only a model!Simon: I know, but it looks like a real one. Its just smaller.Daniel: I must say that its the best model I_(see ).Simon: Thank you, Daniel.has ownedfo

20、rhave already seenhave ever seen 與一般過去時的用法比較一.現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時都是說過去的事情，;而一般過去時，則只表示發(fā)生在過去的動作和事情與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系。 上一頁下一頁eg：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已經(jīng)買了一本英漢字典。 He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾買過一本英漢字典。上一頁下一頁第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時時態(tài)，意為：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it”

21、 “過去他買了一本英漢字典，現(xiàn)在他還有這本字典” 。第二句用過去時只敘述過去他買過一本英漢字典這一事實，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強 調(diào)說明。二當有一個表示過去某一特定時間的狀語時（過去時間點），不用現(xiàn)在完成時，而用一般過去時: 上一頁下一頁eg: I saw the film on television yesterday . 但since(自以來)+某一過去時間點或敘述過去事情的從句時,主句總是與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。eg： They have known each other since 1950 . Since he was a child, he has lived in England

22、.三常與一般過去時連用的典型的 表示過去時間的狀語:上一頁下一頁yesterday(昨天),the other day (前兩天),just now(剛才)，時間+ ago, last +時間 等; eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago. We finished our task last week .Did it.?Has it .?Did they.? Have they .?Did he.?Has he .?Did they.?Have they .?Did she.?Has she .?Has it .?Did it.? in the past

23、few years in the past few years 意思是意思是“過去過去幾年來幾年來”，可作現(xiàn)在完成時的時間，可作現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語狀語；in the pastin the past意思是意思是“在過去在過去”，常作一般過去時的時間狀語。常作一般過去時的時間狀語。Great changes have taken place Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few in my hometown in the past few years.years.（過去幾年來，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了很大的變化。）（過去

24、幾年來，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了很大的變化。）Where did you work in the past?Where did you work in the past? （你過去在哪里工作？）（你過去在哪里工作？）上一頁下一頁 before before泛指泛指“以前以前”時，可用于現(xiàn)時，可用于現(xiàn)在完成時中；在完成時中；agoago表示表示“現(xiàn)在的一段現(xiàn)在的一段時間以前時間以前”，是一般過去時的時間，是一般過去時的時間狀語。狀語。Ive never been to Japan before.Ive never been to Japan before. （我以前沒去過日本。）She went to J

25、apan a year ago.She went to Japan a year ago. （她一年前去了日本。）上一頁下一頁 even since then even since then與與from then on from then on (after that)(after that)都有都有“打那以后打那以后”之意，之意，前者是完成時的時間狀語，后者常前者是完成時的時間狀語，后者常用作一般過去時的時間狀語。用作一般過去時的時間狀語。Shes lived here ever since then.Shes lived here ever since then. （打那以后，她一直住在這

26、。）I didnt hear of Jim from then I didnt hear of Jim from then on/after that.on/after that. （打那以后，我就沒有吉姆的消息。）上一頁下一頁幾次幾次很多次很多次自從上周五自從上周五很長時間很長時間在歷史博物館在歷史博物館在過去的一個多世紀在過去的一個多世紀學(xué)到很多學(xué)到很多A few timesmany timesSince last weekfor a long time at the history museumin the past over centuryLearn a lot想要和我一起去想要和我一

27、起去飛到飛到.在那里停留一整周在那里停留一整周享受陽光和沙灘享受陽光和沙灘順便問一下順便問一下80多年多年在起居室在起居室看起來象真的一樣看起來象真的一樣Want to go with me fly to Stay there for a whole weekenjoy the sun and the beachby the wayoverp用正確的時態(tài)填空用正確的時態(tài)填空1.He _(wait) for an hour .2.I _(finish) the work yet .3._you _(see) him since then ?4.I _(hear) from my brother

28、recently5.We _(be) there many times in the past 3years.6.He _ (not read) the book before.has waitedHavent finishedHave seenhave heardhave beenhasnt read選擇合適的副詞填空選擇合適的副詞填空:1.Have you done your homework _(for just yet )?2.I have _been to huaian .(ever never yet )3.He has _washed the dishes.( already e

29、ver for )4.He has worked there_ he left school .(already just since )yetneveralreadysince5.Have you cleaned your room _(yet just for)6.She has known Sam _nine years .(since for never)7.Have you _ridden a horse ? (ever for yet )8.They have _arrived .(ever just yet )9.We have completed the work _two d

30、ays ago .(since for never)10 I have seen the film _a long time.yetforeverjustsincefor翻譯下列句子翻譯下列句子1.你最近收到你爸爸的來信了嗎你最近收到你爸爸的來信了嗎?_you _ _your father _?2.我已經(jīng)很長時間沒有去拜訪我的姑姑了我已經(jīng)很長時間沒有去拜訪我的姑姑了.I _ _my aunt _ _ _ _?3.Simon 去過北京許多次去過北京許多次.Simon _ _ _Beijing for _ _ ?4.他們?nèi)ミ^電影院了.They _ _ _ the cinema.Have heard fromrecentlyhavent visited for a long timehas been tomany timeshave been to1. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its inter