五個基本句型翻譯練習(xí)及答案

1、基本句型說明：主系表結(jié)構(gòu)2.她昨天回家很晚。4.會議將持續(xù)兩個小時。6.這種事情全世界各地每天都在發(fā)生。8.每天八時開始上課。10.五年前我住在北京。12.約翰的父親昨晚去世了。14.我的爺爺早晨起得很早。16.太陽在照耀著。18.宇宙長存。20.管它呢？22.他們談了半個小時。本結(jié)構(gòu)是由 主語+系動詞 +表語組成，主要用以說明 主語的特征，類屬，狀態(tài)，身份 等。 系動詞有（ 1）表示特征和存在狀態(tài)的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound.（2）表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)的（3）表示狀態(tài)變化的 翻譯練習(xí)：1. 我的兄弟都是大學(xué)生。3. 布朗夫人看

2、起來很健康。5. 孩子們，請保持安靜。7. 她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。9. 樹葉已經(jīng)變黃了。11.這是本英漢辭典。13.他墮入了情網(wǎng)。15.他長得又高又壯17. 我們井干枯了。remain, stay, keep, continue, stand. become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow.2. 冬季白天短，夜晚長。4. 十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了6. 這本書是有關(guān)美國歷史的書。8. 他失業(yè)了。10. 這個報告聽起來很有意思。12. 午餐的氣味很好。14. 一切看來都不同了。16. 麻煩的是他們?nèi)鄙馘X。18. 他的臉紅了?；揪湫?主謂結(jié)構(gòu)

3、說明：本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語加不及物的謂語動詞構(gòu)成 , 常用來表示主語的動作。如， The sun rises. 主語可有修飾語 - 定語，如， The red sun rises.謂語可有修飾語 - 狀語，如， The red sun rises in the east 翻譯練習(xí)：1. 你應(yīng)當(dāng)努力學(xué)習(xí)。3. 那天早上我們談了很多。5. 在過去的十年里，我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。7.1919 年，在北京爆發(fā)了“五 .四”運動。9. 這個盒子重五公斤。11. 愛麗絲很會游泳。13. 秋天有些鳥飛到南方去。15. 每天下午有許多學(xué)生到圖書館來借書。17. 月亮升起了。19.我們大家都呼吸、吃和喝。21

4、.他所講的沒有什么關(guān)系。23.這支筆書寫流利。122.今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇?.他們成功地完成了計劃。6.那位先生能流利地說三種語言。8.Jim 還不會自己穿衣服。10.他不知道說什麼好。12.我開窗戶你在意嗎？14.他說： " 早上好！ "16. 他承認(rèn)犯了錯誤。I. 我不信任那個人。3. 圣誕節(jié)我們將去看望外籍教師。5. 五分鐘內(nèi)我們是不可能解出這道題來的7. 這位護(hù)士會好好照顧你父親的。9.沸騰的水散發(fā)水蒸汽。II. 脫掉你的外套，走前再穿。13.我們必須派人去請醫(yī)生2 .他指出了我的作文中的錯誤。4. 你們必須在課后把練習(xí)本交上來。6. 他們高度贊揚了英雄的業(yè)跡。8

5、. 你在工作中可依靠他。10. 寫完作文后，我們必須把它從頭到尾看一遍12. 人們會把她找出來的?；揪湫?雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)說明：主語 +及物謂語動詞 + 間接賓語（人） + 直接賓語（事物） 如： He brings me cookies every day.She made me a beautiful dress.但若要先說出直接賓語（事物），后說間接賓語（人），則要借助于介詞to或for.翻譯練習(xí)：I. Johnson 先生去年教我們德語。3. Mary 把錢包交給校長了。5. 他把車票給列車員看。7. 我父親已經(jīng)給我買了一輛新自行車9. 請你給我弄一本新的，好嗎？II. 新式機器將會為你節(jié)

6、省許多勞動。2. 奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個有趣的故事。4. 請把那本字典遞給我好嗎？6. 這個學(xué)期我已經(jīng)給父母寫過三封信了。8. Robinson Crusoe 給自己做了一只小船10. 我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎？12. 她給自己定了一套新衣裳?；揪湫?主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu) （一）說明：此結(jié)構(gòu)是由 主語 +謂語 +賓語 夠成。其中的 謂語動詞須是及物的動詞或及物的動詞詞組 賓語須是名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的成分 。 翻譯練習(xí)：1. 昨晚我寫了一封信。3. 這本書他讀過多次了。5. 你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書。7. 我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來的信。9. 我們大家都相信 Jack 是一個誠實男孩11. 他每天早晨洗冷

7、水澡。13. 他們吃了剩飯。15. 我想喝杯茶。主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)（二）說明： 主語 +動詞短語 +賓語Eg. point out （指出）find out （找出）,give up （放棄）,give away （贈送，分發(fā)）,look after （照顧），look at （瞧），think of （考慮，評價），send for （派人去請），deal with（對付，應(yīng)付）,object to反對）翻譯練習(xí)：1413. 她給丈夫煮了一頓美餐。15. 他對她什么都不拒絕。17. 我洗了我的汽車。19. 他教我開機器。14. 他給你帶來了一本字典。16. 我給他看我的照片18. 我告訴他汽車晚點了

8、。2.他的父母給他取名為 John.4.他們把門推開了。6.我們要使學(xué)校變得更美麗。8.我要你把真相告訴我。10.明天我要找人來修理機器。12.痛苦使得他叫喊起來。14.他每個月理一次發(fā)。16.那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了18.男孩子們都在看士兵們操練。20.他感到很難跟你交談。22.我認(rèn)為有可能用另一種方法解題。24.我認(rèn)為與那個人談話是無益的。26.他們把門漆成綠色28.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那房子無人居住。30.我們送他出去32.我看見他們上了那輛公共汽車。2.這個村子過去只有一口井。4.客人當(dāng)中有兩名美國人和兩名法國人。基本句型 復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu) 說明 : 主語+及物的謂語動詞 +賓語 +賓補足 賓語與賓

9、語補足語有邏輯的主謂關(guān)系，若無賓語補足語，則句意不完整。 可以用做賓補的有，名詞，形容詞， 副詞，介詞短語，動詞不定式，分詞。如，The sun keeps us warm.I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut.用 it 做形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放到賓語補足語的后面，是英語常用句型。即 主語 + 謂語 + it + 賓補 + 真正賓語。如， I found it very pleasant to be with your family. 翻譯練習(xí)1. 我們叫她 Alice.3. 我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠實的。5. 他們把小偷釋放了。7. 他

10、請我們參加做游戲。9. 衛(wèi)兵命令我們立即離開。11. 每天早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。13. 我們不會讓她在晚上外出的。15.我要請人把我的錄音機修理一下。17. 她正在聽人家講故事。19. 我從來沒看見這個字這樣用過。 21.我想乘船去那里更舒服些。23.學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則，開始上課時學(xué)生要起立。25. 他們?nèi)蚊?dāng)經(jīng)理。27. 這使得他們要細(xì)想一想。29. 他怎么會這樣想？31. 他要我早點回來?；揪湫?There be 句型 說明： there + be + 主語 + 狀語 用以 表達(dá)存在有 ，一種無主語的有 。翻譯練習(xí)：1. 今晚沒有會。這個學(xué)校有一名音樂老師和一名美術(shù)老師。155.

11、 天氣預(yù)報說下午有大風(fēng)。7.戰(zhàn)前這兒一直有家電影院的。9.從前，在海邊的一個村子里住著一位老漁夫。11.就只剩下二十八美元了。13.鈴響了。6. 燈亮著，辦公室里肯定有人。8. 恰好那時房里沒人。10. 公共汽車來了。12. 在這個山洞前面長著一棵高大的松樹。二月份有二十八天。16#4. 她以為我正談?wù)撍呐畠?,然而事實上我正在談?wù)撐业呐畠?. 小明肯定在家 ,因為他家的燈亮著 .簡單句基本句型1. 這本書讓孩子們讀太難了 .3. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)他們坐在桌旁下棋 .5.他查閱英漢詞典以查明這個詞確切的含義.7. 要她用現(xiàn)金買車是不可能的 .9. 我們確實有自己的校車 . 并列句基本句型1. 再努力一

12、下 , 你肯定能考上重點大學(xué) .3. 天下著雨 ,因此野餐被延期 .5.他不僅沖洗汽車 , 而且又擦拭了它 .7.昨天早上九點雨下得很大 ,因此我們沒去劃船9.不是她對了 , 就是你對了 . 名詞性從句基本句型1. 今年這所大學(xué)將招收更多的學(xué)生是真的 . 3.他想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為花費將會很低 .5.無論誰做應(yīng)該迅速做好 .7.消息傳來 ,前線急需醫(yī)務(wù)人員 .9.養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣對我們來說是非常重要的 定語從句1. 他不來北京的理由是下月他們將開科學(xué)大會3.她又改變了主意 , 這使我們大家都生氣了 . 狀語從句2. 董事們選舉約翰為銀行經(jīng)理 .4. 老人凝望著照片 ,陷入了沉思 .6. 只有這樣你們

13、才有希望改善那里的局勢 .8. 鈴響了 .讓我們開始上課 .10. 每天一定要留出半個小時進(jìn)行口語練習(xí) .2. 別再粗心了 ,否則你意識不到會犯同樣的錯誤8. 正當(dāng)我在街上閑逛時 ,我看見一家裁縫店2. 問題在于他是否在合同上簽了字 .4. 你想她為什么突然大哭起來 ?6. 他保持沉默的原因是因為他失敗了 .8.我想他下午不會來 .10. 毫無疑問現(xiàn)在英語是世界上用得最廣泛的語言之一他完成工作的方式令我們吃驚 .#1. 雖然他累了 , 但是他堅持工作 . 2.雖然他是位偉大的科學(xué)家 ,但是他仍保持謙虛而且在大學(xué)擔(dān)任普通教師工作2. 如果你不想冒失敗的危險 ,你可以試一試 . 4 老師叫我們在有

14、問題的地方打上記號 .5. 鳥飛得越高 , 我們就越看不清楚 .6.他一聲不吭地坐著 ,仿佛在深思 .7. 這女孩談鋼琴不是因為她喜歡彈鋼琴 ,而是因為她父親強制她學(xué) . 各種句式的綜合運用翻譯1. 就在教師節(jié)那天我送給英語老師一束花表示對她的尊敬.2.花了幾個月時間修建了通往省城的道路3. 憑借錄音機的幫助 ,我感到很容易改進(jìn)我的語音 .4. 所有的學(xué)生都知道 ,人人都應(yīng)該在校至少讀九年直到初中畢業(yè)為止.5. 我原先希望能準(zhǔn)時到達(dá) ,但是因為大霧飛行航班延誤了 .6.接受她的邀請吧 ,不然她會生氣的7. 明天早晨早些出發(fā) ,那么午飯前你肯定能到城里 .8. 他說他寧可用一部分時間打工掙錢而不

15、向朋友借.9. 我的意見是我們應(yīng)該弄清楚有利條件和不利條件.10.竊賊正要逃走時警察趕到了 .11. 這位優(yōu)秀生在考試中得了高分 ,結(jié)果被一家名牌大學(xué)錄取了 .12. 老人穿馬路時眼睛盯著紅綠燈看 .13. 隨著這男孩的長大 ,他的父母對他越來越失望了 .14. 我從來不準(zhǔn)在會場抽煙 ,要抽煙的都必須離開辦公大樓 .15.這是你第一次病得這么厲害嗎 ?16. 即使目前沒有人理解我們 ,我們也將堅持我們的研究工作 .17. 這兩位陌生人在交談 ,就好像是多年的老朋友似的 .18. 直到火被熄滅后消防隊員們才離開那個地方.19. 到過鄉(xiāng)下的任何一個人都知道你所談及的事不可能發(fā)生在中國的鄉(xiāng)村.20.

16、 這男孩不僅長高了許多而且成了好學(xué)生 .21. 我們學(xué)校大多數(shù)用功的學(xué)生都可能進(jìn)入好大學(xué).22. 正在印刷中的教科書將替代去年使用的課本.23. 他們住在一幢大房子里 ,房子的前面有一個花園 .24. 我認(rèn)為買一本大的英漢詞典很有必要 .25. 你一定丟失了什么東西 ,不然不會看起來這么擔(dān)憂 .26. 據(jù)報道 ,那個國家的軍隊正在攻擊它的鄰國 .27. 有老師的幫助和鼓勵 ,學(xué)生們?nèi)〉昧嗽絹碓胶玫某煽?.28. 只有當(dāng)你理解領(lǐng)會了這種知識 ,才能把它記住 .29. 過了一個月他才回家 ,結(jié)果他的叔父已經(jīng)離開了 .30. 要是當(dāng)初你聽了張老師的勸告 ,你就不會惹上這麻煩 .31. 看到孩子們手拿

17、鮮花走進(jìn)大廳 ,我們?nèi)颊玖似饋?.32. 他對實驗結(jié)果大失所望 ,只能從頭再做一次 .33. 無論什么時候你有困難 ,都可以找我?guī)兔?.34. 即將竣工的地鐵將是上海最重要的工程之一.35. 使河流變清不是件容易的事 ,但我們的政府已經(jīng)下決心要清除污染.36. 難道你不認(rèn)為這樣和你的老師說話是不禮貌的嗎?37. 你將來做什么樣的工作完全取決于你 ,希望你不會后悔你作出的選擇 .38. 我建議你做功課先復(fù)習(xí)一下課文 ,這樣你可以避免犯許多錯誤 .39. 我丟失了自行車的鑰匙 ,哪兒也找不到 .40. 今天能結(jié)束的事不應(yīng)該留待明天 .學(xué)會利用時間就意味著取得成功 .主謂結(jié)構(gòu)參考答案：1.You

18、should study hard.2.She went home very late yesterday evening.3. That morning we talked a great deal.4. The meeting will last two hours.5. Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.6. Things of that sort are happening all over the world every day.7. The May Fourth Movement

19、 broke out inBeijing in 1919.8. Classes begin at eight every day.9. This box weighs five kilos.10.I lived in Beijing five years ago.11. Alice swims very well.12. John ' s father died last night.13.In autumn, some birds fly to the south.14. My grandfather gets up early in the morning.太陽在照耀著 月亮升起了

20、。15. Every afternoon a lot of students come to the library to borrow books.1. The sun | was shining.2. The moon | rose.3. The uni verse | remai ns.宇宙長存。管它呢？ 他所講的沒有什么關(guān)系 他們談了半個小時。 這支筆書寫流利。4. We all | breathe, eat, and drink.我們大家都呼吸、吃和喝。5. Who | cares?6. What he said | does not matter.7. They | talked

21、for half an hour.8. The pen | writes smoothly主語 +系動詞 +表語參考答案：1. My brothers are all college students.2.In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.3. Mrs Brown looks very healthy.4. At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist.5. Children, keep quiet please.6. This book is about the hi

22、story of the United States.7. Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.8. He is out of work.9. The leaves have turned yellow.10. The report sounds interesting.1. This | is | an English-Chinese dictionary.這是本英漢辭典。2. The dinnersmellsgood.午餐的氣味很好。3. He fell in love.他墮入了情網(wǎng)。4. Everythinglooks

23、different.一切看來都不同了。5. He is growing tall and strong.他長得又高又壯6. The trouble is that they are short of money. 麻煩的是他們?nèi)鄙馘X。7. Our well has gone dry.我們井干枯了。8. His face turned red.他的臉紅了。主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)（一）1.I wrote a letter last night.2.I want to talk with you this afternoon.3.He has read this book many times.3. They

24、have carried out the plan successfully.4. You must finish reading these books in two weeks.5. That gentlemen can speak three languages fluently.7.I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.8. Jim cannot dress himself.9. All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.10. He did not know what t

25、o say.11. He takes a cold bath every morning.12. Do you mind my opening the window?6. He I said | "Good morning."他說："早上好！"7.1 I want I to have a cup of tea.我想喝杯茶。8. He I admits I that he was mistaken.他承認(rèn)犯了錯誤。主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)（二）參考答案：1don' t believe in（介）that man.2. He pointed out （副） the

26、 mistakes in my composition.3.On Christmas Day, we will call on （介） our foreign teachers.3. You must hand in （副） your exercise-books after class.4. We cannot work out （副） the problem in five minutes.5. They spoke highly of the deeds of the hero.6. The nurse will take good care of your father.7. You

27、can depend on （介） him in your work.8. Boiling water gives off （副） steam.9. After writing a composition,we must go over （介） it.10. Take off your coat and put it on （副） before you leave.11. People will find her out （副） .12. We must send for （介） a doctor雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)參考答案：1. Mr Johnson taught us German last yea

28、r.2. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.3. Mary handed the wallet to the schoolmaster.4. Would you please pass me the dictionary?5. He showed the ticket to the conductor.6. This term I have written three letters to my parents.7. My father has bought me a new bike.8. Robinson Crusoe made

29、 himself a boat.9. Will you please get me a new copy?10.Shall I call you a taxi?11. The new machine will save you a lot of labour1. She I ordered | herself | a new dress.她給自己定了一套新衣裳。2. She | cooked | her husband | a delicious meal.她給丈夫煮了一頓美餐。3. He brought you a dictionary. 他給你帶來了一本字典。4. He denies he

30、r nothing. 他對她什么都不拒絕。5. Ishowed himmy pictures. 我給他看我的照片6. Igave my cara wash. 我洗了我的汽車。7. I | told | him | that the bus was late.我告訴他汽車晚點了。8. He showed me how to run the machine. 他教我開機器。主語 +及物的謂語動詞 +賓語 +賓語補足語1. We call her Alice.2. His parents named him John.3. All of us considered him honest.4. The

31、y pushed the door open.5. They have set the thief free.6. We will make our school more beautiful.7. He asked us to join in the game.8.1 want you to tell me the truth.9. The guards ordered us to leave at once.10. Tomorrow I 'll have someone repair the machine.11. Every morning we hear him read En

32、glish aloud.12. The pain made him cry out.13. We won't let her go out at night.14. He has his hair cut once a month.15.1 ' ll get my recorder mended.16. The terrible sound made the children frightened.17.She is listening to someone telling stories.18. The boys were watching the soldiers dril

33、ling.19.1 have never seen the word used that way before.20. He felt it very difficult to talk with you.21.1 think it more comfortable to go there by ship.22.1 consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.23.The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins.

34、24.1 thought it no use talking with that man1. They appointed him manager. 他們?nèi)蚊?dāng)經(jīng)理。2. They | painted | the door | green.他們把門漆成綠色3. This | set | them | th inking.這使得他們要細(xì)想一想。4. They found the house deserted. 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那房子無人居住。5. What makes him think so? 他怎么會這樣想？6. Wesawhimout. 我們送他出去7. Heasked meto come ba

35、ck soon. 他要我早點回來。8. I saw them getting on the bus. 我看見他們上了那輛公共汽車。There be 句型參考答案：1. There isn ' t going to be a meeting tonight.2. There was only a well in the village.3. There is (are) a teacher of music and a teacher of art in the school.4. Among the guests there were two Americans and two Fre

36、nchmen.5. The weatherman says there ' ll be a strong wind in the afternoon.6. The light is on. There must be someone ion the office.7. There used to be a cinema here before the war.8. There happened to be nobody in the room.9.Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.10. There c

37、omes the bus.11. There remained just twenty-eight dollars.12.In front of the cave, there stands(grows) a tall pine tree.13. There goes the bell.14. There are twenty-eight days in February基本句型1. This book is rather too difficult for children.2. The directors elected John manager of the bank.3. He fou

38、nd them seated at the table, playing chess.4. The old man was deep in thought with his eyes fixed on the photo.5. He looked up the word in the English-Chinese dictionary to find out its exact meaning.6. Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation there.7. It ' s impossible for her to

39、buy a car with cash.8. There goes the bell. Let ' s begin our class.9. We do have a school bus of our own.10. Be sure to set aside half an hour each day for oral practice.1. Another effort, and you are sure to enter a key university.2. Don 't be careless again, or you won't be aware of m

40、aking the same mistake.3. It was raining, therefore the picnic was postphoned.4.She thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.5. Not only did he wash the car but he polished it.6. Xiao Ming must be at home, for the lights are still on.7. It was raining

41、 heavily at nine yesterday morning, so we didn boating. ' t go8. I was wandering in the street when I caught sight of a tailor ' s shop.9. Either she or you are right.1. That the college will take in more new students this year is true. / It is true that2. The question is whether he has sign

42、ed the contract.3. He took it for granted that the expenses would be low.4. Why do you think she burst into tears?5. Whoever does it should do it well quickly.6. The reason why he kept silent was that he had failed.7. Word came that medical workers were badly needed at the front.8. I don' t thin

43、k that he will come this afternoon.9. It ' s important for us to form a good habit of studying.10. There is no doubt that English now is one of the world' s most widely used languages.1. The reason why he will not come to Beijing is that they will have a scientific conference next month.2. T

44、he way (that / in which) he finished the work surprised all of us.3. She changed her mind again, which made all of us angry.1. Tired as he was, he stuck to his work.2. Great scientist as he is, he remains modest and works as an ordinary teacher at college.3. If you don ' t want to run the risk o

45、f failure, you can have a try.4. Our teacher told us to make a mark where we have questions.5. The higher the bird flies, the less clearly we can see it.6. He sat silently as though he was deep in thought.7. The girl learned to play the piano not because she liked to play it, but because her parents

46、 forced her to.1. It was on Teachers ' Day that I sent my English teacher a bunch of flowerswtoheshr omy respect.2. It took several months to repair the road leading to the capital of the province.3. I feel it easy to improve my pronunciation with the help of a tape recorder.4. As is known to al

47、l the students, one should study at school for at least nine years till he graduates from a junior middle school.5. I had hoped to arrive on time, but the flight was delayed because of a heavy fog.6. Accept her invitation, or she will be offended.7. Start early tomorrow morning, and you are sure to

48、reach the town before lunch-time.8. He says he prefers making money by doing a part-time job to borrowing money from his friends.9. My opinion is that we should be clear about the advantages as well as the disadvantages.10. The thief was just about to escape when the police arrived.11. The top stude

49、nt got a very high score in the exam so that he was admitted by a famous university.12. Walking across the street, the old man fixed his eyes on the traffic lights.13. As the boy grew up, his parents became more and more disappointed with him.14. I never allow smoking in the meeting-room; anyone who

50、 wants to smoke will have to stay away from the office building.15. Is this the first time that you have been so sick?16. We will stick to our research work even if nobody understands us at present.17. The two strangers are talking as if they had been friends for many years.18. Not until the fire wa

51、s put out did the firemen leave the place.19. Anyone who has been to the countryside knows that what you mentioned coul dn' t have happened in the countryside of China.20. Not only is the boy much taller than before, but he has become a very good student as well.21. Most of the students working hard in our schoo