單選題解題技巧20111103

1、高考英語(yǔ)單選題解題訣竅轉(zhuǎn)摘要：文章從點(diǎn)面上介紹了英語(yǔ)單選題解題的技巧，分析了如何更好地幫助學(xué)生有效地提高解題的速度及準(zhǔn)確率。關(guān)鍵詞：?jiǎn)芜x題；解題訣竅；解題速度 近幾年來(lái)，高考英語(yǔ)單選題設(shè)題較靈活，主要突出了能力的考查，其特點(diǎn)是語(yǔ)言真實(shí)，不會(huì)單純考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。因此，許多學(xué)生在做此項(xiàng)內(nèi)容時(shí)感覺(jué)容易失分，這就要求學(xué)生不但要有扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)法功底，積累豐富的詞匯用法，而且更應(yīng)具備在特定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。涉及到能力的考查，我們的學(xué)生或許會(huì)認(rèn)為很抽象，其實(shí)掌握了一定的解題訣竅，就能化抽象為具體，化復(fù)雜為容易。下面是有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師在教學(xué)中積累一些竅門(mén)，以幫助學(xué)生提高單選題的解題速度和準(zhǔn)確率。一、 學(xué)會(huì)

2、審題，注意把握問(wèn)題的著重點(diǎn)仔細(xì)審題是解題的最基本要求，疏忽大意很容易造成誤選。-What happened to the priceless works of art?- _.A. They were destroyed in the earthquake B. The earthquake was destroying themC. They destroyed in the earthquakeD. The earthquake destroyed them 析：此題問(wèn)題的著重點(diǎn)是“藝術(shù)品怎么啦”而不是針對(duì)“地震”而言，因此，最佳選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為A。二、結(jié)合上下語(yǔ)境，推出正確答案此類題多為截取的生

3、活場(chǎng)景，句式靈活，用詞地道，表現(xiàn)出用語(yǔ)言來(lái)解決實(shí)際生活的問(wèn)題，因此，不能死套語(yǔ)法框框，而應(yīng)重在對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解和把握，進(jìn)行具體情況具體分析，選出符合邏輯行文的正確選項(xiàng)。例：1. -You seem to have lost your way. _?-Yes, Im looking for Wangfujing Street.A. Are you looking for something B. Where are you goingC. Need help D.What are you looking for析：根據(jù)上下語(yǔ)境的線索推測(cè)出問(wèn)話人“詢問(wèn)對(duì)方是否需要幫忙”，因此答案應(yīng)為C。2We hav

4、et enough books for_ ; some of you will have to share.A. somebody B. anyone C. everybody D. nobody析：根據(jù)下文“some of you will have to share”可判斷出“書(shū)籍不夠每人一本”, 因此正確選項(xiàng)為C。 三、抓住關(guān)鍵詞，打開(kāi)解題的切入點(diǎn)很多情況下，題干上會(huì)有一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞的提示，只要快速鎖定該詞，不但能找準(zhǔn)答案，而且還能節(jié)省寶貴的時(shí)間，提高解題速度。1Years ago, we didnt know this, but recent science_ that people wh

5、o dont sleep well soon get ill.A. showed B. has shown C. will show D.is showing析：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“recent”判斷正確答案為B。2The group, _ by Tseng Yungchuan, arrived in Beijing on Wednesday to help push for Taiwan to be opened to mainland tourists.A. leads B. leading C. led D. having led 析：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“by”判斷，正確答案為C。四、關(guān)注標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)能快速

6、鎖定最佳選項(xiàng) 英語(yǔ)的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)常常是我們借以判斷最佳選項(xiàng)的重要信號(hào)，因此，我們?cè)趯忣}時(shí)要特別注意它的功能，不同的標(biāo)點(diǎn)有不同的作用。1、- _ a second time , will the man have one more try ?- Im sure he will.A. Turn down B. If turning down C. He was turned down D. If turned down析：根據(jù)逗號(hào) “，”的功能判斷，逗號(hào)的前部分要么是從句要么是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)）或獨(dú)立主格，此空應(yīng)用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，所以答案選D。2. _ some exercise every day Im

7、sure youll get fit sooner or later.A. To take B. Taking C. Have taken D. Take 析：破折號(hào)“”相當(dāng)于“and”，前后結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)保持平衡，因此答案為D。 五、巧妙運(yùn)用“排除法”，既方便又快捷 有時(shí)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中一眼掃過(guò)去，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有三個(gè)是不可能的，這時(shí)采用“排除法”是最明智不過(guò)的。With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settled B settling C. to settle D. bei

8、ng settled析：既然“新總統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在的日子不好過(guò)”；“許多問(wèn)題需要去解決”即發(fā)生在將來(lái)應(yīng)用不定式，排除其余選項(xiàng)，正確答案為C。六、采用“還原法”，再現(xiàn)廬山真面目有些句子設(shè)題上具有一定的隱蔽性和迷惑性，原因是它已改變了原先的句式或省去了一些內(nèi)容，使我們從表面上不容易辨別出其句型結(jié)構(gòu)，增加了理解的難度。這時(shí)巧妙使用“還原法”能大大降低句子的難度，使人豁然開(kāi)朗，茅塞頓開(kāi)。1、The more he thought about it, the more questions he thought of_.A. to be asked B. being asked C. asking D. to as

9、k析：此題用介詞“of”設(shè)陷阱，受定勢(shì)影響會(huì)誤選 -ing形式，但若能把后面部分還原為“he thought of more questions to ask”, 就能斷出正確答案為D。2. -Can I help you ? -Yes, please. Do you have any books on cooking? -There are only a few, _.A. if any B. if have C. if some D. if do析：最后一句為省略句，補(bǔ)充完整為“, if there are any.”， 得知正確答案為A。七、去掉插入語(yǔ)，化繁為簡(jiǎn)有時(shí)設(shè)題特意加上插入語(yǔ)，使

10、句型顯得繁雜，這時(shí)只要去掉插入語(yǔ)，題干就簡(jiǎn)單明了，一目了然了。-Is that the small town you often refer to?-Right, just the one_ you know I used to work for years.A. that B. which C. where D. what析：去掉插入語(yǔ)“you know”就知道答案為C。八、以邏輯為主線，敲定答案留意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與句子主語(yǔ)的邏輯聯(lián)系能迅速圈定答案，如下題正確答案應(yīng)為C。While watching television, _.A. the doorbell rang B. a black ca

11、t suddenly ran inC. we heard the doorbell ring D. an unexpected visitor came to visit me九、通過(guò)對(duì)比關(guān)系，鎖定目標(biāo)句中如含有though although but however while等表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的詞時(shí)，我們就可根據(jù)前后的關(guān)系確定正答案。1. They wanted to charge 5000 for the car, but we _to bring the price down.A. tried B. managed C. failed D. had 析：根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系得知“設(shè)法做成了”，故選B

12、。2.-I think George doest really care for TV plays.-Right, _ he still watches the program.A. and B but C. or D. so析：通過(guò)前后內(nèi)容對(duì)比，“不喜歡看電視劇”與“仍然”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but.十、掌握固定句型，許多問(wèn)題可迎刃而解鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生自己歸納在學(xué)習(xí)中常見(jiàn)的一些固定句式，這對(duì)于提高單選題的準(zhǔn)確率及書(shū)面表達(dá)的規(guī)范性都有好處。如，“祈使句 +andor + Sb. will ”; “It +be +some time +before ”；“It wasnt untilthat”等。The flu is believed_ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to hav