現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)導(dǎo)學(xué)案及答案

1、高一英語 課前作業(yè)A姓名 班級 組別 編制 時間 編號 43 審批 課題：Unit 3 Grammar 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1.現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 2. 現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的主要用法3使用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)需要注意的問題【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)】 能夠熟練運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)。【課前預(yù)習(xí)】現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)就是 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的疊合，即“ have + been + 動詞過去分詞”。試比較以下幾組句子的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)：1. 主動：He has repaired the machine for two hours. （他修理這臺機(jī)器已有兩小時了） 被動： The machin

2、e has been repaired for two hours. （這臺機(jī)器已修了兩小時了） 2. 主動句：The teacher has borrowed the books. （老師把那些書借走了） 被動句：The books have been borrowed by the teacher. （那些書被老師借走了） 【完成目標(biāo)】目標(biāo)一：現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成。1現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的肯定式：由_構(gòu)成。例如：Two windows have been broken兩個窗子被打破了。2. 現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的否定式：由_構(gòu)成。例如：The car has not been repair

3、ed這輛汽車還沒有修好。3. 現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的一般疑問式：由_構(gòu)成。例如：Has her work been finished？她的工作完成了嗎？ Yes，it has是的，完成了。Have the cars been repaired？這些汽車修好了嗎？No，they haven't不，還沒有。4. 現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的特殊疑問式：由_構(gòu)成。例如：How long has her work been finished？她的工作完成有多久了？ Who has been helped by the new computer？誰已經(jīng)得到了這臺新計算機(jī)的幫助？目標(biāo)二：現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的

4、主要用法。1表示被動的動作發(fā)生在說話之前（即現(xiàn)在的過去），強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。當(dāng)動詞為短暫動詞時，可與already或yet連用，但不可與for或since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用。例如：The door has been locked. 門被鎖上了。（結(jié)果是現(xiàn)在沒有人能進(jìn)去） 房間已打掃干凈了。 翻譯：_2表示一個被動的動作或狀態(tài)開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能將持續(xù)下去，常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用，或用于How long？句型中。連用的時間狀語有：already, yet, lately, recently, in the past/last few days/years,

5、since then, up to now, so far 等。例如：They have been told about it for many times有人告訴他們這事很多次了。（可能還會有人告訴他們） 這機(jī)器使用有多久了？翻譯：_目標(biāo)三：使用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)需要注意的問題。1現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)有兩個助動詞，即 have has和been，兩者缺一不可。2注意與一般過去時被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別。一般過去時的被動語態(tài)表示一個被動的動作發(fā)生在過去某個時候，其結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在沒有影響；而現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的動作或狀態(tài)盡管發(fā)生在過去，但側(cè)重說明該動作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。例如：The house

6、was built last year這房子是去年建造的。 The house has been built這房子已經(jīng)建好了。3由finish，buy，start，begin，post，return，borrow， join，marry，open等非延續(xù)性詞構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)不能與表示一段時間的狀語如for four days，how long等連用，而要改換動詞或時態(tài)。例如：譯：這本書買了多久了？誤：How long has this book been bought？ 正：How long ago was this book bought？ 但這類動詞的否定式可表示動作的持續(xù)過程，

7、具有延續(xù)性，因而可與since或for引導(dǎo)的時間段連用。例如：No books have been bought since last week自上周以來，沒有人來買過書。4短語動詞是一個不可分割的整體，在被動結(jié)構(gòu)中要保持完整性，不可省略短語動詞中的介詞或副詞。例如：The orphan has been well looked after這位孤兒一直受到很好的照顧?！菊n堂小結(jié)】本節(jié)從知識上學(xué)到了什么？ 本節(jié)從方法上學(xué)到了什么？高一英語作業(yè)B（課后）一、將空白處補(bǔ)充完整,完成下列含有被動語態(tài)的句子(每空一詞)。    1. They 

8、have built many houses in the village in the past few years.     Many houses _  _  _  in the village in the past few years. 2. They

9、0;should have completed the project earlier this month.  The project _  _  _  _ earlier this month.3. Jack's boss has always praised him for his devotion

10、60;to work.   Jack _  _  _  _ by his boss for his devotion to work.4. They have found a good place to build a nest in the community. &#

11、160; A good place _  _  _ to build a nest in the community.5. They haven't yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem.   How to

12、 solve that difficult technological problem _  _  _ yet.二 選擇題1. -I cant see any coffee in this cupboard. -_? A. Has it all been finished B. Was it all finished C. Has it all finished D. Did it all finish2. Millions of pounds worth of damage _by

13、a storm which swept across the north of England last night.A. has been caused       B. had been caused C. will be caused       D. will have been caused3. More patients _ in hospital this year than last year.A. treated         

14、;      B. have treated C. had been treated          D. have been treated4. The window is dirty. I know. It _for weeks.A. hasnt cleaned           B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned         

15、  D. hasnt been cleaned5Paper money _ for over a thousand years Aused    Bhas been used    Chas used    Dis using 6Great changes _ in my hometown and a lot of factories _ Ahave been taken place； are being set up Bhave taken place； have been set up Care taken p

16、lace； had been set up Dhad taken place； will be set up 7Come and sit down by the fireYour hand_ cold Ahas been felt    Bfeels    Cis felt     Dhas felt 8The fire _to the fifth floor_ all the people_？ Ahas got；Have；been saved Bhas been got；Have；saved Chas got；D

17、o；save Dhas got；Have；saved 9We want to sit at the table near the window Im sorry，but it _ already Ahas taken     Btook     Cwas taken     Dhas been taken 10Some of the chapters（片段）_ by many students Ahave been widely read Bhave read widely

18、Cwere wide read Dhad been widely read 11Why dont you go to the book store to buy some books？Many new books _ there Ahave just brought Bhave just been brought Cwere just brought Dare just brought 12Till now，three films _ in that small village this month Ahave shown    Bhave been shown 

19、   Cwere shown    Dwill be shown13Do you know the thief _ by the police？ Ahas caught    Bhas been catching    Cwas caught    Dhas been caught 14My sister is working in the power plant that _for just one year Awas used    Bhas been used 

20、60; Cis used    Dhas used 三、短文改錯。My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US, which was very interested. One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help. As the old man looked over the things on the yard that were to be sold, he stopp

21、ed at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees. On the box was a card say: “25 cents each.” “You will never sell these for that much,” he told Nick. Convinced, Nick has bought the price up to 10 cents a piece. Without a moments delay, my neighbor picked up the box but announced, “ Ill take them.”學(xué)生得

22、分 【日期】 月 日【批語】 導(dǎo)學(xué)案43答案課前作業(yè) Ahave has been 及物動詞的過去分詞have has notbeen 及物動詞的過去分詞have has 主語been及物動詞的過去分詞疑問詞havehas主語been及物動詞的過去分詞翻譯：The room has already been cleaned. How long has the machine been used?課后作業(yè)B一填空。1. have been built 2. should have been completed3. has always been praised 4. has been found5. hasnt been decided 二選擇。第1題的第一句話告訴我們，櫥柜里看不到咖啡了，所以緊接著要問“咖啡已經(jīng)被喝完了嗎？”，故選A。第2題的意思是“昨晚橫掃英格蘭北部的暴風(fēng)雨已經(jīng)造成了上百萬英鎊的損失”，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)生在過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，故選A