新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1、新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)歸納新概念一共144課，其中單課為課文，雙課為語(yǔ)法和練習(xí)。整本書是以單數(shù)課為正課，并附帶有插圖而雙數(shù)課則是針對(duì)單數(shù)課所講的內(nèi)容有針對(duì)性地進(jìn)行練習(xí)，從此出展現(xiàn)出整個(gè)新概念一教材區(qū)別于其他教材的獨(dú)特之處。以下是對(duì)新概念一整本教材的理解和剖析，以供各位對(duì)整個(gè)課本的理解和把握上參考和借鑒。首先根據(jù)課本中出現(xiàn)的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)分析：本冊(cè)書的語(yǔ)法出現(xiàn)層次性和規(guī)律性是很強(qiáng)的，首先我們先來(lái)整本書中都出了哪些時(shí)態(tài)， 這些時(shí)態(tài)的具體分布和講解時(shí)我們大家需要注意的遞進(jìn)性。Less on 31-34現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Less on 37-40第一次出現(xiàn)be going to的將來(lái)時(shí)Less on 51-56 一般

2、現(xiàn)在時(shí)Less on 67-76為一般過(guò)去式Less on 83 -90為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Less on 91-96為一般將來(lái)時(shí)(will)Lesson 117118過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)Lesson 119120 過(guò)去完成時(shí)除去前面所有時(shí)態(tài)和句型所占據(jù)的76課我們一起來(lái)看一下以下的68課，每一課小的語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)，語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)都是在什么地方，應(yīng)該用什么樣的方式來(lái)講解。在這里告訴學(xué)員新概念一的每一個(gè)單課的重點(diǎn)都是出現(xiàn)雙課的標(biāo)題和課后的練習(xí)題里 面。Lesson1 2語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：與陌生人說(shuō)話或引起別人的注意。Excuse me. Yes? Pardo n? Thank youvery much.語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：主系表結(jié)構(gòu)this為主語(yǔ)，名

3、詞做表語(yǔ)1的一般疑問(wèn)句以及它的肯定回答。Is this your han dbag? Yes, it is.Less on 5 6語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：如何介紹別人。 This is Miss Sophie Dup ont. Nice to meet you.語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。 She is French. He is German. It' sa Volvo.(L6)a/an 的使用。Less on 7 8語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：如何自我介紹和相互認(rèn)識(shí)。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：主語(yǔ)為第二人稱的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。Are you French?What nationality are you? What' s

4、 your job?特殊疑問(wèn)句。Lesson 9 10語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：朋友或熟識(shí)的人之間如何相互問(wèn)候。How are you?語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：主系表結(jié)構(gòu)形容詞做表語(yǔ)。介詞短語(yǔ)表示位置n ear the win dow, on the televi on, on the wallLesson 29 30語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：如何發(fā)號(hào)命令。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：祈使句（肯定）。動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)的固定搭配。Lesson 37 38語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：如何表達(dá)將要做的事情。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)be goi ng to do結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)將要發(fā)生的事情。There be句型的一般疑問(wèn)句形式。Lesson 41-42語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：如何表示不可數(shù)名詞的量。Lesson 63-64

5、語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：建議忠告。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)： don ' t do , . You mustn' t do ,Lesson 65-66語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：具體時(shí)間表示法（半點(diǎn)和刻鐘）。反身代詞。具體日期表達(dá)方式。Lesson 73-74語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：?jiǎn)柭?。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。形容詞轉(zhuǎn)變成副詞。Lesson 77-78語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：看病。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：綜合時(shí)間表達(dá)方式。Lesson 105-106語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：辦公室用語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：want sb to do , ./ tell sb to do,以及其否定形式。Lesson 103-104語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：考試。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：賓語(yǔ)從句。（從句部分為非現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)）程度畐 U詞 too, very

6、 ,eno ughLesson 125-126語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：/語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：have to do,/ don ' t need to doLesson 127-128語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：娛樂(lè)界。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：must/ca nt對(duì)現(xiàn)在事情的肯定/否定猜測(cè)。Lesson 129-130語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：交通狀況。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：must/ca nt have been ,.對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定/否定猜測(cè)。Lesson 131-132語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：度假。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：may對(duì)現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去事情的肯定或否定猜測(cè)。以下學(xué)的知識(shí)慢慢與新二接軌:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Lesson 83 90直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)：Lesson 99 102形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：Less o

7、n 107 112neither ,so的用法：Lesson 113 114不定代詞的用法：Lesson 115 116過(guò)去進(jìn)行和過(guò)去完成時(shí):Lesson 117120定語(yǔ)從句：Lesson 121124情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的綜合用法:Lesson 125132直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ):Lesson 133136 （著重講時(shí)態(tài)的倒推）if 的用法：Lesson 137140被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Lesson 141 144 1 ）代詞及be動(dòng)詞主格 I we you you she/he/it they賓格 me us you you her/him/it them代詞所有格 my our your your her/hi

8、s/its their名詞性代詞 mi ne ours yours yours hers/his/its theirs be 動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí) Am are are are is arebe 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí) was were were were was were2）名詞的復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)則 1 一般情況 +s e.g. shell 宀shells toy toys規(guī)則 2 以 s, x, ch, sh 結(jié)尾 +es e.g. fox foxes church churches規(guī)則 3 以 o 結(jié)尾 +s 或 +es e.g. radio radios potato potatoes規(guī)則 4

9、以 f, fe 結(jié)尾的，變 f, fe 為 ves e.g. life lives half halves規(guī)則 5 以輔音字母 +y 結(jié)尾， 變 y 為 i+es e.g. sky skies study studies3）動(dòng)詞的第二人稱單數(shù)形式規(guī)則 1 一般情況 +s e.g. like-likes, look-looks規(guī)貝U 2 以 s, x, ch, sh禾口 o 結(jié)尾 +es e.g. do-does, catch-catches規(guī)則 3 以輔音字母 +y 結(jié)尾， 變 y 為 i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly-flies4）動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞規(guī)貝 U1 一般動(dòng)詞力口

10、 -ing e.g. look-look ing,read-readi ng,play-play ing規(guī)則2以不發(fā)音的字母結(jié)尾的單詞去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking,arrive -arriving規(guī)則3重讀閉音節(jié)詞結(jié)尾，即單詞中只有一個(gè)元音字母， 其后緊跟一個(gè)輔音字母的詞,雙寫輔音字母 再力口 -ing e. g. run-running,sit-sitting,get-getting,swim-swimmi ng, stop-stopp ing5）動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則 1 一般動(dòng)詞加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-w

11、atched, play-played規(guī)貝U 2 以 e 結(jié)尾的力口 -d e.g. make-maked, arrive-arrived規(guī)則3以輔音字母 y結(jié)尾的變y為i加-ed cry-cried, carry-carried規(guī)則4重讀閉音節(jié)詞結(jié)尾，即單詞中只有一個(gè)元音字母，其后緊跟一個(gè)輔音字母的詞,雙寫輔音字母再加 -ed stop-stopped過(guò)去式的讀音在清輔音后面（除外）讀 /t/ e.g. walked, jumped在濁輔音和元音后讀 /d/ e.g. washed, watched在/t/ ，/d/ 后讀 /id/ e.g. waited, hated6）形容詞和副詞的比較

12、級(jí)和最高級(jí)比較級(jí)規(guī)則 1 一般加-er e.g. high-higher規(guī)則2 以e結(jié)尾加-r nice-nicer規(guī)則3以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，變y為i再加-er busy-busier規(guī)則4重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，雙寫輔音字母再加-er fat-fatter最高級(jí)規(guī)則 1 一般加-est e.g. high-highest規(guī)則2 以e結(jié)尾加-st nice-nicest規(guī)則3以輔音字母加 y結(jié)尾，變y為i再加-est busy-busiest規(guī)則4重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，雙寫輔音字母再加-est fat-fattest7）常見(jiàn)縮寫：is='s I am=I'm are='reis no

13、 t=is n't /iznt/ are no t=are n't /a:nt/do no t=do n'tdoes no t=does n'twas='sdid no t=did n'tcan no t=ca n'thave='vehas='shave no t=have n'thas no t=has n'twill='llwill no t=w on'tshall no t=sha n't直接引語(yǔ)/間接引語(yǔ)如果引語(yǔ)的主句所用動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí)，那么間接引語(yǔ)要做相應(yīng)變化：時(shí)態(tài)，人稱，時(shí)

14、間地點(diǎn)及指示詞1）時(shí)態(tài)變化：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一一一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一一過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)be going towas/were going to/wouldcan-couldmay-might2）時(shí)間地點(diǎn)及指示詞的變化：here-there, tomorrow-the n ext day, thefollowi ng day, this-that ,3）人稱變化：根據(jù)句意改變?nèi)朔Q。4）直接賓語(yǔ)/間接賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞的直接對(duì)象，間接賓語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作所涉及的人或事務(wù)，也可以說(shuō)間接賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作是對(duì)誰(shuí)做的，或者

15、是為誰(shuí)做的。所以間接賓語(yǔ)要用名詞或者賓格代詞來(lái)?yè)?dān)當(dāng)。He gives me a book. （me 間接賓語(yǔ)，a book 直接賓語(yǔ)）直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)的位置調(diào)換時(shí)要加一個(gè)介詞to或for :主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+直接賓語(yǔ)+介詞+間接賓語(yǔ)Give me a book. = Give the book to me.Send him a letter . = Send a letter to him.Show him the new dress. = Show the new dress to him.倒裝句：so/neither 的倒裝eg: He can swim . So can I.She di

16、d n't go to class. Neither did I.結(jié)構(gòu)：so/n either+be+ 主語(yǔ)so/neither+ 助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)so/neither+ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ 主語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ：do, does/am, is, are現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):am, is, are一般過(guò)去時(shí)：did現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have, has一般將來(lái)時(shí):will, shall過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí):was, were過(guò)去完成時(shí)：had過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：would新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法匯總新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法（一）：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法（二）：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法（三）：一般過(guò)去時(shí)新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法（

17、四）：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法（五）：一般將來(lái)時(shí) 新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法（六）：過(guò)去完成時(shí) 新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法（七）：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法（八）：過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法（九）：?jiǎn)柧?新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法（十）：限定詞 新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法 （十一）：名詞 新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法 （十二）：副詞 新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法 （十三）：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法（十四）：need用法新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法 （十五）：不定代詞及不定副詞 新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法 （十六）：感嘆句新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法（十七）：祈使句新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法（十八）：倒裝句新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法 （十九）

18、：直接引語(yǔ)/間接引語(yǔ)新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法 （二十）：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。構(gòu)成： 主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其它成分（現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成見(jiàn)附錄）We are havi ng lun ch.He is read ing a book.The dog is running after a cat.The boys are swimmi ng across the river.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Are we havi ng lun ch?Is he readi ng a book?Is the dog running after a cat?Are the boys sw

19、immi ng across the river?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notWe are not havi ng lun ch.He is not readi ng a book.The dog is not running after a cat.The boys are swimmi ng across the river.特殊疑問(wèn)句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞What are you doing?What is she doi ng?What is the dog doing?沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞（必背）表示狀態(tài)，思想

20、，感情和感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞不能表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作1. 表示感覺(jué)，感官的詞see, hear, like, love, want,2. have, has 當(dāng)”擁有”講時(shí)沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)一、時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去 完成時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般性，經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或一般性事實(shí)。1含有be動(dòng)詞的句子He is a teacher.The girl is very beautiful.Tim and Jack are stude nts.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Is he a teacher?Is the girl very beautiful

21、?Are Tim and Jack stude nts?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notHe is not a teacher.The girl is not very beautiful.Tim and Jack are not stude nts.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, he is. No, he is not.Yes, she is. No, she is not.Yes, they are. No, they are not.不含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，即含有一般動(dòng)詞的句子第三人稱單數(shù)及單數(shù)名詞He likes books.She likes him.The dog likes bon e

22、s.變疑問(wèn)句在句首加 does,動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵虳oes he like books?Does she like him?Does the dog like bon es?doesn' t,動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵?，原句中的?dòng)詞不再有第三t.'tt.變否定句在主語(yǔ)及動(dòng)詞之間加 人稱變化。He doesn ' t like books.She doesn ' t like him.The dog doesn ' t like bones.肯定回答及否定回答：Yes, he does. No, he does nYes, she does. No, she does nYe

23、s, it does. No, it does n注意：第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般在動(dòng)詞后面加S,不要和名詞復(fù)數(shù)混淆，變否定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí)名詞復(fù)數(shù)沒(méi)有任何變化。其他人稱及復(fù)數(shù)名詞I want to have a bath.We have some meat.The stude nts like smart teachers.變疑問(wèn)句在句首加 doDo you want to have a bath?Do we have any meat?Do the stude nts like smart teachers?變否定句在主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間加don' t.You don ' t want t

24、o have a bath.We don' t have any meat.The students don' t like smart teachers.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I do. No, I don ' t.Yes, we do. No, we don ' tYes, they do. No, they don ' t.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事件，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式

25、，am, is的過(guò)去式為was, are的過(guò)去式為ereI was at the butcher ' s.You were a stude nt a year ago.The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移動(dòng)到句首Were you at the butcher ' s?Were you a stude nt a year ago?Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notI was not at the butcher '

26、 s.You were not a stude nt a year ago.The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.肯定回答否定回答Yes, I was. No, I was not.Yes, you were. No, you were not.Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：What did you do?（必背）不含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式，動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式構(gòu)成見(jiàn)附錄I fini shed my homework yesterday.The boy went to a res

27、taura nt.The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.變疑問(wèn)句在句首加 did ,動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵虳id you finish your homework yesterday?Did the boy go to a restaura nt?Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?變否定句在主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間加 did n otI did not finish my homework yesterday.The boy did not go to a restaura nt.The Sawyers

28、did not live at King Street a year ago.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I did. No, I didn ' t.Yes, he did. No, he didn ' t.Yes, they did. No, they did not.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞have, has+過(guò)去分詞用法：2）表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的和現(xiàn)在有某種聯(lián)系的動(dòng)作，常和just, usually, already, since等時(shí)間副詞連用I have just had lunch.（ 飽了，不用再吃了 ）He has had a cup of tea.（ 不渴了，不用

29、再喝）They have already had their holiday.（不能再度假了）The boy has already read the book.（已經(jīng)知道書的內(nèi)容了，不用再看了）3）詢問(wèn)別人是否做過(guò)某事一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Have you fini shed your homework?Have you bee n to Beiji ng?Have he see n the film?4) 表示開始于過(guò)去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作I have lived in Beiji ng for twenty years.I have worked for this school for 1 y

30、ear.8)表示一種經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)：去過(guò) ，地方，做過(guò)，事情，經(jīng)歷過(guò)，事情I have n ever had a bath.I have n ever see n a film.I have n ever bee n to cin ema.I have ever bee n to Paris.have gone to 表示去了人已經(jīng)回來(lái)）人還在那里）般不和時(shí)間副詞聯(lián)用Have bee n to 表示去過(guò)，I have bee n to London.(He has gone to London.(11)表示一種結(jié)果，一一I have lost my pen.I have hurt myself.H

31、e has become a teacher.She has broke n my heart.not.句型變化：變疑問(wèn)句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首，變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have no t lost my pen.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I have. No, I have not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：What have you done?What has he done?般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別:凡是有明確的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子為過(guò)去時(shí)注意：有些動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作有一個(gè)終點(diǎn)，不能再延續(xù)，因此不能和表示一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用錯(cuò)：I' ve

32、left Beijing for 3 days.對(duì)：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，經(jīng)常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow,the year after the next, in five hours' time, etc.表示將來(lái)的詞聯(lián)用結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞原形I will go to America tomorrow.The pilot will fly to Japa n the mo

33、nth after the n ext.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.變疑問(wèn)句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首Will you go to America tomorrow?Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加notI will not go to America tomorrow.The pilot will not fly to Japa n

34、the month after the n ext.Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morni ng肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I will. No, I will n ot.Yes, he/she will. No, he/she will not.Yes, he will. No, he will not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：What will you do?過(guò)去完成時(shí)：用法：在過(guò)去的時(shí)間里，兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在前的哪個(gè)動(dòng)作要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。結(jié)構(gòu)：had+過(guò)去分詞After she had fini shed her homework, s

35、he went shopp ing.They had sold the car before I asked the price.The train had left before I arrived at the stati on.After/before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首要在句子后面加逗號(hào)，如果放在主句后則不用加。5變疑問(wèn)句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首Had she fini shed her homework?6變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加notShe hadn ' t finished her homework.7肯定回答及否定回答Yes, she had. No, she hadn &

36、#39; t.8特殊疑問(wèn)句：What had she done?第二部分 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，經(jīng)常用在whe n, while, as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中。結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doingWhen my husba nd was going into the dining room this morning, he dropped som e coins on the floor.While we were havi ng dinner, my father was watch ing TV.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：would doShe said she would go here th

37、e next morning.兩個(gè) 特殊句型：there be 句型，be going to結(jié)構(gòu)1) Be goi ng to 結(jié)構(gòu)表示打算，準(zhǔn)備，計(jì)劃做某事結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+goi ng to + 動(dòng)詞原型I am going to make a bookcase.They are going to paint it.The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Are you going to make a bookcase?Are they going to paint it?Is the

38、father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notI am not going to make a bookcase.They are going to paint it.The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I am. No, I am not.Yes, they are. No, they are not.Yes, he is. No, he is not.特殊疑問(wèn)句What are you goin

39、g to do?What are they going to do?What is the father going to do?（必背）2）There be 句型表示哪里有什么東西（某處有某物）There is+單數(shù)名詞+表示場(chǎng)所的詞（一般為介詞詞組）There is a book in this room.There is a pen on the tableThere are+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+表示場(chǎng)所的詞（一般為介詞詞組）There are two pens on the table.There are three schools there.變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Is there a b

40、ook in this room?Are there two pens on the table?變否定句在動(dòng)詞后面加notThere is not a book in this room.There are not two pens on the table.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, there is. No, there is not.Yes, there are. No, there are not.新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)（九）:問(wèn)句09:35:02問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句，特殊疑問(wèn)句，選擇疑問(wèn)句，反意疑問(wèn)句，選擇疑問(wèn)句，否定疑問(wèn)句1）一般疑問(wèn)句：助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞+ 主語(yǔ)Are you a t

41、eacher? Do you want to have a cup of tea?2）特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+般疑問(wèn)句What is your n ame?3）選擇疑問(wèn)句：orDo you want beef or lamb?4）反意疑問(wèn)句：肯定陳述句+否定疑問(wèn)部分，否定陳述部分+ 肯定疑問(wèn)部分You don ' t need that pen, do you?5）否定疑問(wèn)句：一般疑問(wèn)句+否定詞Aren ' t you lucky? Don ' t you want have a rest?新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)（十）:限定詞限定詞： some, any, many,

42、 muchsome, any修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句，注意，當(dāng)期待對(duì)方的答案為肯定回答時(shí)用some many修飾可數(shù)名詞，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，在口語(yǔ)中表示很多一般不用many, much,而用a lot of,在否定句中表示很多用many, much.I have a lot of money. I don' t have much money.新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)（十一）:名詞名詞：種類，復(fù)數(shù)，名詞所有格名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞1）不可數(shù)名詞無(wú)法分開的東西：water, tea, bread, milk, rice（米）抽象的

43、東西：love, beauty, cold ness（ 寒冷）不可數(shù)名詞有以下特點(diǎn)：不能用a, an修飾-不能加s和單數(shù)be動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞搭配2) 可數(shù)名詞：?jiǎn)螖?shù)可數(shù)名詞要用冠詞修飾，復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要在名詞后面加s,名詞復(fù)數(shù)共有以下幾種變化：規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)則 1 一般情況 +s e.g. shell宀 shells book books規(guī)則 2 以 s, x, ch, sh 結(jié)尾 +es e.g. fox foxes church churches, bus buses, watch t watches規(guī)則 3 以 o結(jié)尾 +s或 +es e.g. potato tpotatoes, Ne

44、gro t Negroes, hero theroes, tomato ttomatoes , ( 口訣：黑人英雄愛(ài)吃土豆和西紅柿)，剩下一般加 s, radio tradios規(guī)則 4 以 f, fe結(jié)尾的，變 f, fe 為 ves e.g. life t lives half t halves, shelftshelves, city t cities, wife t wives規(guī)則5以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾， 變y為i+es e.g. sky tskies fly tflies3) 不規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式man(men) woma n( wome n) foot(feet) goose(g

45、eese) tooth(teeth)0child(childre n) sheep(sheep) deer(deer) mouse(mice) fish(fish)新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(十二):副詞09:36:52副詞：用法及形容詞變副詞的變化副詞可以修飾形容詞，動(dòng)詞，副詞或整個(gè)句子。如:The book is very good.He runs fast.She came here quite early.Certainly I will go with you.副詞變化形式：直接在形容詞后加-ly,careful-carefully, slow-slowly,以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞

46、，把y變I,加-ly,happy-happily, lucky-luckily有些詞形容詞和副詞的形式相同，不需要做任何變化fast, hard, late有些詞加上-ly后意思與原詞相差很遠(yuǎn)：n eary-n early, high-highly, late-lately新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)（十三）：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞09:37:35情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的使用：can, must, may, might, n eed,1）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can（能夠），must（必須），may（可以） 結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+can/must/may+動(dòng)詞原型He can make the tea.Sally can air the room.

47、We can speak En glish.變疑問(wèn)句將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞移到句首Can he make the tea?Can Sally air the room?Can we speak En glish?變否定句在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加notHe cannot make the tea.Sally cannot air the room.We cannot speak En glish.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, he can. No, he cannot.Yes, she can. No, she cannot.Yes, we can. No, we cannot.特殊疑問(wèn)句：What can you

48、do?（必背）注意：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子沒(méi)有第三人稱單數(shù)的變化，不要在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞后面加S。2）Must/have to的區(qū)別must表示必須，是主觀上覺(jué)得應(yīng)該做，have to是不得不，是由于客觀條件逼迫的必要要做must只能用在表示現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)的句子里，而have to do 可以用在任何時(shí)態(tài)3）must, may, might 表示猜測(cè)： must do 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的猜測(cè) must have done 表示對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的猜測(cè) must have been doi ng表示對(duì)過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的事實(shí)的猜測(cè) may/might do, may/might have done表示沒(méi)有任何事實(shí)依據(jù)的猜測(cè)，

49、might的可能性更小。5 can' t/couldn ' t 表示不可能新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)（十四）：need用法09:38:09n eed用法：表示“需要”時(shí)為實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，后面可以加名詞，也可以加不定式：I need a pen. Do you need any beer? No, I don' t.I n eed to have a rest. Need doing=n eed to be done，表示被動(dòng)The flowers n eed wateri ng. Need在否定時(shí)做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用You needn ' t go so early. =Yo

50、u don ' t need to go so early.Must I clean the desk right now? No, you needn' t.新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)（十六）：感嘆句09:39:24感嘆句：1) What +名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)What a beautiful girl she is!2) How + 形容詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)How beautiful the girl is!祈使句：第二人稱：let+其他人稱代詞祈使句的否定，加 don' t反意疑問(wèn)祈使句(第二人稱)祈使句表示請(qǐng)求，命令，建議，邀請(qǐng)等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一律用原型，句子中通常不用主語(yǔ),句

51、末用驚嘆好或者句號(hào)，用降調(diào)?？隙ň鋭?dòng)詞原型例，Come here, please. Go downstairs, please. Stand up. Sit down. Be quiet.Be careful.祈使句中如果有喚語(yǔ)，一定要用逗號(hào)隔開，放在句首或者句尾Come in, Amy.Sit dow n here, Tom.Mary, give me a book please.否定：Do n't+動(dòng)詞原型Don't come here.Don' t sit dow n.Don' t sta nd up.Don' t give me it.let s

52、b. doLet me pass.Let us have a rest.Let' s have a rest.（反意疑問(wèn)）：Let' s have a walk along the river, shall we?Let us go out for a drink, will you?新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)（十八）：倒裝句09:40:44倒裝句：so/neither 的倒裝eg.He can swim. So can I.I didn ' t go to class. Neither did I.結(jié)構(gòu)：so/n either+be+ 主語(yǔ)so/n either+助動(dòng)詞

53、+主語(yǔ)so/n either+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，do, does/am, is, are現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，am, is, are一般過(guò)去時(shí)，did現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，have, has一般將來(lái)時(shí)，will, shall,過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，was, were過(guò)去完成時(shí)，had過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，would新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)（十九）：直接引語(yǔ)/間接引語(yǔ)09:41:26直接引語(yǔ)/間接引語(yǔ)如果引語(yǔ)的主句所用動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí)，那么間接引語(yǔ)要做相應(yīng)變化：時(shí)態(tài)，人稱，時(shí)間地點(diǎn)及指示詞1）時(shí)態(tài)變化：般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)-過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)-過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)be going to-w

54、as/were going to/wouldcan-couldmay_might2）時(shí)間地點(diǎn)及指示詞的變化：here-there, tomorrow-the n ext day, the followi ng day, this-that,3）人稱變化：根據(jù)句意改變?nèi)朔Q。4）直接賓語(yǔ)/間接賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞的直接對(duì)象，間接賓語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作所涉及的人或事務(wù)，也可以說(shuō)間接賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作是對(duì)誰(shuí)做的，或者是為誰(shuí)做的。所以間接賓語(yǔ)要用名詞或者賓格代詞來(lái)?yè)?dān)當(dāng)。He gives me a book.me間接賓語(yǔ)，a book直接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)的位置調(diào)換時(shí)要加一

55、個(gè)介詞to或for主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+直接賓語(yǔ)+介詞+間接賓語(yǔ)Give me a book.Give the book to me.Send his a letter.Send a letter to him.Show him the new dress.Show the new dress to him.新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)（二十）：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)1）代詞及be動(dòng)詞第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱”單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格 I we you you she/he/it they賓格 me us you you her/him/it them代詞所有格 my our your your her/his/its their名詞性代詞 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirsbe