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1、2018年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題考試英語(yǔ)(二)試題(課程代碼00015)本試卷共8頁(yè),滿(mǎn)分1。0分,考試時(shí)、回150分鐘??忌鹁砬氨仡D將自己的姓名和轉(zhuǎn)考證號(hào)寫(xiě)在答題卡上。必須在答題卡上答題,試卷答題無(wú)效。一、同讀判斷(共1題,合計(jì)10分) 回答題Marriage Advertisements in IndiaEvety Sunday morning millions of Indian; settle down with a cup of tea aad special weekend issues of their newspapers just as Ainencans do.
2、 But here, witli the mam age season approaching, many of them quickly to a Sunday feature that is particularfy Indian-the<ol-un)ns of mam age advenisements in which young people look for husband and wives. This is relatively modem change in the age-old custom of the arranged mam age. The thousand
3、s of advertisements published each week inaeasingly reflect social changes that coming to tliis traditional society. For example, although women are still described in terms of appearance or skill in "the wifely arts”, infomation about her earning power is entering more and more of the advertis
4、ements. This reflects the arrival m India of the working wifeDivorce which used to be almost unheard of in India, is sometimes now mentioaed m the adveitisenients as m tlie case of a woman whose advertisement in New Del hi newspapei explained that had been 'the innocent party" when her nian
5、iage broke up.Because the custom of the doTKiy(marriage pawent)i5 now illegal some advertisements say hno dowry11 or1 simple marriage1 .which means the same thing. However, the fathers of many bridegroaus still require it. In a land where light skin is often regarded as socially preferable many also
6、 require that a woman have a "wheatcolor1 complexion or that a man be "tall, fair and handsome". Adveitisements are placed and eagerly read by a range of people tn the upper classes, mostly tn cities. Many of them receive dozens of answws. "Theres nothing «wbarrassiflg about
7、 it.explained a Calcutta businessman advertising a son-in-law. 4t's just another way of broadening the contacts and increasing the possibility of doing the contacts and increasing the possibilities of doing the best one for ones daughter. ,Because of high uneiiiplo)iiient and a geaerally poor st
8、andard of living here.one of the best attractions a marriage advertisement can offer is a permit to live abroad especially in Canada or the United States. A person who has one can get what he wants. One recent Sunday in Madras, for example, a Punjabi engineer living in San Francisco advertised for a
9、 wbeautiful slim bride with lovely features knowing music and dance'. And a man whose advertisement said that he held an Amen can immigration permit was able to say. only girls fioni rich well-connected families need 明曲lln the text, a Sunday feature is a kind of newspaper advertisements in which
10、 young people look for husbands and wives.()A. RightB. WrongC. NbtmentionedE鰭案A本題分值:1分試題解析:第一段第二句力策了Sunday feature”的內(nèi)容。譯文:但在這里,隨著結(jié)婚季節(jié)的臨近,很 多人閱讀具有印度特色的周末版征婚廣告欄目,年輕人在那兒尋找自己的另一半。因此題干 說(shuō)法是正確的。答案為A。2In Marriage advertisements in India women are only introduced in terms of appearance or their skill in bein
11、g a good wife. ()A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentionedIE幡案B本題分值:1分 試題解析:利用細(xì)節(jié)信息詞、匕mage advertisementb和appearance and their ski 1在文申找答案相關(guān)句: although women are still described in terms of appearance;or skill ine'the wfely arts9*?infi>nnation about her earning power is entering more and more of the ad
12、vertisements. 顯然答案相關(guān) 句的內(nèi) 容與問(wèn)題句內(nèi)容不一致。答案為B。3IndiTs society is changing.()A, RightB. WrongC. NotnxntionedGE確答案P本題分值;i分試題解析:這道題是主旨題。文章第一段倒數(shù)第三句直接反映文章主題:The thousands of advertisements. . . reflect social changes that coming to this traditional society 0 答案為 A。4The word "dowry"in 由 e third parag
13、raph means mam age payment.()A. RightB. WrongC. NoinienuonedGE確答案K試題解析:答案相關(guān)旬中mamagepaymen放在括號(hào)中出現(xiàn)在Poivry”之后,充當(dāng)其同位語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)其 進(jìn)行解釋,因此“dowry喻含義睚"marriage payment的禮)' 答案為A °5In India people with light skin and good feature are preferable.()A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentionedGE確答案C本題分值;1分試題解析:利用細(xì)節(jié)結(jié)
14、構(gòu)曬站T和“good feature“作為答案線(xiàn)索,我們知道在印度人們喜好戲亮膚色, 但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)喜改.美麗的容貌”,因此問(wèn)題句申的部分信息沒(méi)有提到。答案為Co6Anyone can receive dozens of answers if he she placed an adveitisenrnt.()A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentionedGE確答案JB試題解析:譯文:只要刊登了征婚廣告,任何人都能收到大量的回信。根據(jù)第三段第四、五句在大多 數(shù)城市里,上層社會(huì)中許多人都會(huì)急切地讀這些征婚廣臺(tái)。他們中的許多廣吉能收到幾十個(gè) 回復(fù)。由此看出,并不是所有人都能收到大量回復(fù)
15、,因此題干說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤。答案為B。7The word "one" m Ma person who has one can get uhat he wants”re&rs to good attraction. ()A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentionedGE確答案b本題分值:i分試題解析:苜先找到R person vtiohas one can get uhathe wants”所在的上下文,然后進(jìn)行判斷;結(jié)合前 句話(huà)的內(nèi)容“由于高失業(yè)率和較低的生活水平; “。證”應(yīng)該指前句中的“permittohn 力頒£(在國(guó)外居住的許可)。答案為
16、B。8 Advertisements are only read by a small roup of people of high social status ()A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentionedGE確答案F本題分值:1分試題解析:文童中沒(méi)有提到印度的離婚率,只是說(shuō)現(xiàn)在印度人在征婚廣言中不像過(guò)去以前一樣對(duì)此諱言 的事實(shí)。答案為C。10A male who has an American immigrauon pemut means he is competitive in maniage than others.()A. RihtB. 5rongC. Noti
17、nentioned正耀案H本題分值:1分試題解析:擇文:如果一位男士他擁有美國(guó)移民許可證,那么他在擇偶方面比別人更具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。本文最 后一句,持有美國(guó)移民許可證的男子則在廣告申提到,只有那些來(lái)自富裕家庭,有良好社會(huì) 關(guān)系的女子才可應(yīng)聘。由此看出,這類(lèi)男性在印度社會(huì)更受歡迎,在怪偶方面更有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。 答案為A。二、閱讀理蟀供1題,合計(jì)1。分) 回答題IncomeIncome may be national income and personal income. Whereas national income is defined as the total eaired income of ill t
18、he factors of production-namely, profits, interest, rent, nges, and other com pensation for labor, personal income may be defined as total money income received by individuals before personal taxes are paid. National income does not equal GXP (Gioss National Product)because the actors of production
19、do not receive payment ibr either capital consumption alloxnnces or indirect business taxes, both of which are included m G>?. The money put aside fbr capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as mcome. Indirect taxes include sales raxes property taxes and excise taxes that a
20、re paid by businesses directly to the government and so reduce the income left to pay for the factors of production. Three-iburths of national income goes for wages, salaries and otlier forms of coaipensation to employees.Whereas national income shows the income that the factors of production earn p
21、ersonal income measures the income that individuals or households receive. Corporation profits are included in national income because tliey are earned. Out of these profits, however, corporation profit taxes must be paid to the government, and some money must be put into the business for expansion.
22、 Only that part of profits distributed as dividends goes to the individual there fore out of corporation profits only dividends count as personal income. The fi»ctors of production, earn, money for social security and unemployment insurance contributions, but this money goes to govern mentfwfai
23、 ch is not a factor of production), not to individuals. It is therefore part of national income but not part of personal income.On the other hand money received by individuals when they collect soaal security or unemployment compensation is not money earned but money received. Interest received on g
24、overnment bonds is also in diis category, because inudi of the money received from the sale of bonds went to pay for war production and that production no longer fiimishes a semce to the economy.The money people receive as personal income may be either *ent or saved. However not all spending is comp
25、letely volimtarv-. A significant portion, of our income goes to pay personal taxes. Most workers never receive tlie money they pay in persona :axes, because it is withheld from their paychecks. The money that individuals are left with after diey have met their tax obligations is disposable personal
26、income.Disposable income can be divided between personalconsumption expenditures and personal savings. It is important to remember that personal saving is hatis left after spending.Hibis passage is mainly about ()A. the difference between nation a and GNPB. the difierence between national income and
27、 personal incomeC. flie concept of incomeD. the difference between disposable income and nondisposahlein-come GE確答案B本題分值:2分 試題解析:文章主要講收入的兩大分類(lèi)及其區(qū)別。這一點(diǎn)可以從文章的第一句話(huà)看出。文章第一段的第 一句話(huà)常常是文章的論點(diǎn)句。因此A, C和D均不是完整的答案。答案為B。12Which of the fbllowng statements is tree according to the first paragraph? ()A. GNP equals na
28、tional income plus indirect business taxes.B. GNP exdude s both capital consumption, allowances and indiie ct business taxes.C. Personal income is regarded as the total money income received by ail individual after his or her taxes are paidD. The money that goes for capital consumption is not regard
29、ed a s income.GE確答案Qu創(chuàng)搟團(tuán)本題的依據(jù)是第一段的 The money put aside for capital coasunipticn is for replacement and ±us isnoEinteddS income這個(gè)句子。對(duì)第句的詞語(yǔ)顓D用了別的表達(dá)方法,但大意仍保持 稼。答案為D。13It can be easily seen from this passage that the government levies tax on ()A. eoiporahonprofitsB. every individual even though his
30、 income is ven- lowC. fliose who work in joint venturesD. those uho work tn government departmertsGE確答案R本題分值:2分趣解析:本文提到過(guò)個(gè)人也要繳稅,但并'沒(méi)有說(shuō)每個(gè)有收入的人都要繳納,不管其收入是多少,但是 公司的利稅是必須繳的。本題的依捱是第二段中的一句:Out of these profits, however, corporationpiofit taxesniust be paid to the government . .C 和 D 在本文申根本沒(méi)有提到過(guò),故 都不對(duì)。答
31、案為A。According to this passage, the money you get as interest fiom government bonds is ()A. the monev earnedB. tfie nK)ney not earned but receivedC. tfie money received for the contribution you have nude to the economyD. the money earned for the semce you have fiimished to the economyGE確答案B本題分值:2分試題解
32、析:根據(jù)第 三段第一句;nioney received by individuals when they collect social security or imeniployment compensation is not money earned but money received以及下旬 Interest received on government bonds is also in this catcgoiy.,可知 8 是答案。C 項(xiàng)中的原因狀語(yǔ)從 句是不對(duì)的,所以C不能作為答案。答案為Bo15The passage implies that ()A. people willin
33、gly pay taxes because they want to do some 也 i ng use fill to the countryB people willingly pay taxes because they do not want t。be looked down upon by othersC. people pay taxes unxulhngly because they feel they will be arrested if they do notD. people pay taxes somexkhat unwillinglyGE確答案D本題分值;2分試題解
34、析:文章最后一段表明,并不是所有的開(kāi)支都是目鷹的,個(gè)人收入的很大一部分用采付種種稅款 即是如此。因此選項(xiàng)D是正確的答案。答案為D。三、皺括大意貝1題,合計(jì)1。分) 回答題Materials and Tools for Language Learning_ The range of materials and tools avaiable to help you with your language smdies is huge from dictionaries to language courses. All of them can help you in diff«-en.t w
35、ays, and the appropriate use of these matenals and courses-will make your language Learning much easier and more effective._ Possibly the most use fill tools there are for learning a language are dictionaries. Dictionaries come in a number of formats including bilingual monolingual, illustrated, ele
36、ctronic and online. Bilingual die tionanes are perhaps the most usefill ones for beginners and interme-diate learners while monolingual dictionaries, uhi ch are designed for native speakers, are also usefill for advanced learners. Pocket dictionaries are good for quick reference and easy to cany aro
37、und. Larger dictionaries are better if you want more definitions, examples of us age. and infonnatiou about pronunaation. and grammar. Electronic dictionaries are available as handheld units or as software. H andheld ones are portable, easy and quick to search, and often provide other fimctions such
38、 as, text-to-speech, voice recognition and speech synthesis organizers, address books. They tend to be rather expensive though. Software dictionaries offer many of the same fimctions. and can be used on computers, and mobile phones._ _ The traditional courses tend to consist of textbooks containing
39、dialogues上x(chóng)ercises notes on grammar, and maybe cultural information. Accompanying cassettes CDs and ormp3s are often available Most sudi courses are intended for complete beginners or people witti only minimal knowledge of tlie language. Intermediate and advanced-level courses are available fbr some
40、 of the more popular languages such as French. C. eiman Italian and Spanish._®_ Audio courses usually consist solely of cassettes or CDs though some may also include a limited amount of printed material. All dialogues exercises, insmictions and explanations are recorded and tfie fbais of these
41、courses is teaching you to iicderstand and speak the language. Hiey are very good at teaching you authentic pronunciation and a manageable amount of vocabulan J一_ Various computer-aided courses are available on CD-ROMs and DVDs. Each course is different but they generally include dialogues audio exe
42、rcises and tests. Some also include phrasebooks, dictionanes. videos, games and provide online and or tel ephone support 16Pafagraph(T)A. What is the function of audio courses?B. What is the ftmetion of flash cards?C. What is the function of traditional courses?D. What are the most u&efiil tools
43、 for language learning 9E. What is the iunction of conjuter-aided courses?F. Vhat can help you a lot with your language learning?正確答案強(qiáng)本題分值:1分試題解析:本段有總起下文的作用,從總的方面介紹學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言有哪些有幫助的工具和方式。答案為F。17Paragraph(2)A . What is the fiinction of audio courses?B . What is the function of flash cards?C. What is the ft
44、mction of traditional courses?D. What arc the most useful tools for language learning7E. What is the ftmction of computer-aided courses?F. What can help you a lot with your language learning?正確答案D本題分值:1分試題解析:本段第一句是中心句:學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言最有用的工具是字曲。作者在這一段介紹了不同字典的功用 及適合的人群。我們可以找到的關(guān)鍵詞有一mostusefWtools' -dictionanes
45、"。答案為D。18Paragrapb®A . What is the fiinction of audio courses?B . What is the fiinction of flash cards?C. What is the function of traditional courses?D. What are the most usefill tools for language learning0E. What is the fiinction of computer-aided courses?F. What can help you a lot with
46、your language learning?GE確答案K本題分值:i分試題解析:本段第一句是中心句,作者在這一段介紹了語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的傳統(tǒng)課程、內(nèi)容及適合的人群。答案為c。19Paragraph®A. What is the fiinction of audio courses?B . XMiatis the fiinction of flash cards9C. What is the fiinction of traditional coursesD. What are the most useful tools fbr language learning?E XMiatis the
47、 fiinction ofcon)uter-aided courses?F. What can help you a lot with your language learning9GE確答案H本題分值:1分試題解析:作者接著介紹了 aid。surses(音頻課程粕內(nèi)容。答案為A。20Paragraph<§)A. What i s the fiincti on of audio course s?B . XkTiatisthe fiincti on of flash cards?C. What i s the fiincti on of traditional courses?
48、D. Wiut are tlie mostuseiiil toolsfbr language leanung?E. What is the ftinction of conputer-aided courses?F. V*hat can help you a lot with your language teaming?EE確答案F本題分值:1分試題解析:本段著重介紹computer-aided courses(計(jì)算機(jī)輔助教學(xué))的內(nèi)容。答案為E。2 IThe materials and tools available to help you vnth your language studies
49、 rangeA. more definitions, examples of usage, and infbmiation about pronunciation, and granmiarB . authentic pro nundation and a manageable amount of vocabularyC, phrasebooks, dictionaries, videos, games and provide on linend or telephone supportD. from dictionaries to Language coursesE. in a much e
50、asier and more effective wayFt beginners or people with only a little knowledge of the languageGE確答案Q試題解析:第一段第一句 /e range of materials and tools available to hdp you widi your language studiesis huge, from dictionaries to language courses給出了答案 ° 答案為 D 022The appropnatc use of-thcsc materials an
51、d courses will coablcyouto Icam language.A . more definitions, examples of usage, and infcmiation about pronunciation, and grammarB. authentic pronimaation and a manageable amount of vocabularyC. phrasebooks, dictionaries, videos, games and provide on hnend or telephone supportD. from chctionanes to
52、 language coursesE. in a much easier and more efftetive wayF. begimiers or people with only a little knowledge of the language正確答案正本題分值:1分試題解析:第一段第二句.and the appropriate use of these materials and courses will make your language learning much easier and more efetive 給出 了答案。答案為 E。23Larger dictionarie
53、 ride the learners withA . more definitions, examples of usage, and infcmiation about pronunciation, and grammarB. authenticproniindation and a manageable amount of vocabularyC phrasebooks, dictionaries, videos, games and provide on linend or telephone supportD. from dictionaries to language courses
54、E. in a much easier and more effective wayF. beginners or people with only a little knowledge of the language證確答案M本題分值:1分試題解析:第二段第五句 Larger dictionaries are. more definitions y examples of usage y and infonnatioii aboutpionunaation, and giamniar 給出了答案。答案為 A。24The traditional courses arc designed for
55、A. more definitions, examples of usage, and infonnation about pronund ation. and grammarB . authentic prommaation and a manageable amount of vocabularyC. phrasebooks, dictionaries, videos, games and provide on linend or telephone supportD. from dictionaries to language coursesE. in a aiuch easier an
56、d more effective wayF. beginners or people with only a little knowledge of the languageGE確答案F本題分值:i分試題解析:第三段第三句 Most such courses are intended for complete beginners or people with onlymin imal knowledge of the language 給出 了 答案。答案為 F。25With audio courses you can learnA. moie definitions, examples of
57、 usage, and iiifbniiation abo ut pionuiidatiou. and giaiiiniaiB . authentic pronunaation and a manageable amount of vocabularyC. phrasebooks: dictionaries, videos, games and provide on linend or telephone supportD. from dictionanes to language coursesE. in a much ftasier and more effective wayF. beg
58、imiers or people with only a little knowledge of the langiugeGE確答案b本題分值:1分試題解析:第四段最后一句 They are ven* good at teaching you authenticproniinaation and a manageable amount of vocabulary 給出了 答案 ° 答案為 B。四、補(bǔ)全短文哄1題,合計(jì)10分)回答題Howto Start Your Own Business1. have recently started a business and have learned some cnicial lessons m the process that 1feel privileged to share with you.l. Identify your motivation. _26_ To liave more time? To make more money? To be your oun ? To have creative control over what you love to do?
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