基于軟件構(gòu)件的教務(wù)管理體系構(gòu)造研討

1、基于軟件構(gòu)件的教務(wù)管理體系構(gòu)造研討【中文摘要】跟著軟件開(kāi)發(fā)范圍和龐雜性不斷提高,跟著社會(huì)對(duì)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)速度和數(shù)量請(qǐng)求不斷提高,“軟件危機(jī)”愈加顯明地暴露出來(lái),提高軟件出產(chǎn)率成為軟件工業(yè)當(dāng)務(wù)之急。為了戰(zhàn)勝“軟件危機(jī)”,人們提出了軟件復(fù)用思惟并對(duì)其入行了不懈的研討。軟件復(fù)用是在軟件開(kāi)發(fā)中避免反復(fù)勞動(dòng)的解決計(jì)劃,其動(dòng)身點(diǎn)是應(yīng)用體系開(kāi)發(fā)不再采取“從零開(kāi)始”的模式,而是以已有的工作為基本,充足應(yīng)用過(guò)去應(yīng)用體系開(kāi)發(fā)中積聚的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn),如需求剖析、源代碼、測(cè)試規(guī)劃及測(cè)試案例等,從而將開(kāi)發(fā)的重點(diǎn)集中于應(yīng)用的構(gòu)成成分。軟件復(fù)用被認(rèn)為是解決軟件危機(jī),提高軟件出產(chǎn)率和軟件質(zhì)量,增強(qiáng)軟件開(kāi)放性和對(duì)外部擾動(dòng)適應(yīng)性的主要途徑

2、。近年來(lái)人們熟習(xí)到,要徹底戰(zhàn)勝“軟件危機(jī)”,就必需實(shí)現(xiàn)軟件工業(yè)化出產(chǎn)?；谲浖?gòu)件的軟件復(fù)用技術(shù)是實(shí)現(xiàn)軟件工業(yè)化出產(chǎn)的技術(shù)基本,是解決“軟件危機(jī)”的主要途徑。軟件構(gòu)件技術(shù)為軟件復(fù)用提供了技術(shù)基本,使得軟件復(fù)用得到入一步發(fā)鋪,使得軟件復(fù)用從個(gè)體性、不肯定性行為上升為群體性、形式化行為,從而使得大范圍產(chǎn)品線式的軟件工業(yè)化出產(chǎn)成為可能。同時(shí),在分布對(duì)象研討范疇,軟件構(gòu)件技術(shù)也是一項(xiàng)主要內(nèi)容,適應(yīng)了當(dāng)前軟件開(kāi)發(fā)從單機(jī)模式向網(wǎng)絡(luò)模式發(fā)鋪的須要。同時(shí),作者發(fā)現(xiàn),跟著近幾年我國(guó)高等教育快速發(fā)鋪,傳統(tǒng)的教務(wù)管理體系已不能知足實(shí)際須要,各高校有必要重新設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)新的教務(wù)管理體系以知足工作須要。近年來(lái),高校都在興建

3、校園網(wǎng),樹(shù)立信息中央。信息現(xiàn)代化已經(jīng)成為高等院校發(fā)鋪的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)暖點(diǎn),也是高校教授教養(yǎng)、科研與管理現(xiàn)代化主要標(biāo)志。但校園網(wǎng)建成后,也出現(xiàn)出了各種各樣的題目,主要是缺少適合的應(yīng)用軟件在校園網(wǎng)上運(yùn)行。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),校園網(wǎng)是提高高校管理水平、工作效力和改善教授教養(yǎng)質(zhì)量的有力手腕,而不是基本目的。校園網(wǎng)的建設(shè)不僅是網(wǎng)絡(luò)裝備的集成,而且是應(yīng)用軟件的集成,通過(guò)架構(gòu)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的應(yīng)用軟件來(lái)完成數(shù)據(jù)全校共享,實(shí)現(xiàn)學(xué)校統(tǒng)一管理,從而最大限度地減輕各級(jí)管理人員及教師的工作負(fù)擔(dān)。為此,教務(wù)管理體系的設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)就顯得尤為主要。基于以上兩方面原因,本文希望通過(guò)對(duì)軟件構(gòu)件及其相關(guān)技術(shù)的研討,將基于軟件構(gòu)件的復(fù)用技術(shù)引入到教務(wù)管理體系的設(shè)

4、計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)中,實(shí)現(xiàn)教務(wù)管理體系軟件的工業(yè)化出產(chǎn)。本文在對(duì)軟件構(gòu)件及其相關(guān)技術(shù)入行研討的基本上,將軟件構(gòu)件技術(shù)應(yīng)用于教務(wù)管理體系的開(kāi)發(fā)實(shí)踐中。在教務(wù)管理體系的剖析、設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)入程中,本文貫穿了構(gòu)件化的思惟。提出了基于UML技術(shù)的構(gòu)件剖析方式,設(shè)計(jì)了分層的構(gòu)件化體系構(gòu)造,探討了應(yīng)用J2EE和EJB構(gòu)件技術(shù)封裝應(yīng)用邏輯,實(shí)現(xiàn)構(gòu)件化體系。本論文將軟件構(gòu)件技術(shù)融會(huì)到軟件開(kāi)發(fā)入程的各個(gè)階段,對(duì)于指點(diǎn)軟件構(gòu)件技術(shù)在實(shí)踐中應(yīng)器具有一定的借鑒意義。本文主要工作概括如下:1、歸顧了軟件復(fù)用技術(shù),指出軟件構(gòu)件技術(shù)是大范圍軟件復(fù)用的手腕,探討了軟件構(gòu)件技術(shù)及其基于軟件構(gòu)件技術(shù)的軟件開(kāi)發(fā)方式,并對(duì)目前流行的三種主流構(gòu)件模型

5、入行介紹和比擬。在對(duì)當(dāng)前教務(wù)管理體系現(xiàn)狀研討的基本上,提出將基于軟件構(gòu)件的復(fù)用思惟應(yīng)用到教務(wù)管理體系的構(gòu)造中,樹(shù)立基于軟件構(gòu)件的教務(wù)管理體系設(shè)計(jì)模型,以提高軟件的復(fù)用性、可維護(hù)性、一致性,并能支持體系的入級(jí)。2、在對(duì)體系需求入行剖析和UML建模技術(shù)研討的基本上,提出了基于UML技術(shù)的構(gòu)件抽取方式和構(gòu)件抽取策略。通過(guò)用例圖描述了教務(wù)管理體系的題目域和體系義務(wù),通過(guò)交互圖描述了典型用例的流程和涉及的類(lèi),在此基本上定義類(lèi)的屬性、方式和聯(lián)系,樹(shù)立體系的類(lèi)圖。在類(lèi)的抽象入程中采取范疇剖析,以便于類(lèi)在范疇內(nèi)入);【Abstract】With the increase of software develop

6、ment scale and complexity, as well as the boostto the need of software development speed and quantity, software crisis has been exposedincreasingly.Its emergency to increase the efficiency of software industry. To conquersoftware crisis, theory of software reuse is presented and has been under study

7、. Softwarereuse is a solution to avoid repetitive work during the software development procedure,whose goal is that the development of application system should adopt the knowledge andexperience accumulated in the past projects on the basis of presented work instead of theschema of “start from zero”

8、, such as demand analysis, source code, testing plans andtesting cases, so the important part lies in the constituent of application. Software reuse isconsidered as the main measure to solve software crisis, improve software productivityefficiency and software quality, and enhance the adaptability t

9、o outside noise. In the recentyears, it has been realized that to overcome software crisis completely needs to achieve theindustrialisation of software industry. The technology based on software components is thetechnology basis of software industrilization, which makes software reuse advancementfur

10、ther. And it makes software reuse ascend to group, formalization behavior fromindividual,uncertain behavior, so large-scale software industry has become possible.Meanwhile, software component is an important part in distributed object research field,which suits the need of software development from

11、client schema to net shema.With the rapid development of higher education in our country, the author hasdiscovered that traditional educational administration system doesnt satisfy actualdemands, and its necessary for colleges to design and develop new educationadministration system to satisfy work

12、requirement.In recent years, colleges have beenconstructing campus net and information center. Information modernization has become theissue of colleges development and the symbol of modernization of teaching, scientificresearch and administration. But many problems have been exposed after campus ne

13、t isfinished, mainly including short of suitable appliation software. Its no doubt that campusnet is not ultimate purpose but powerful measure to improve college administrationlevel,working efficiency and teaching quality. Construction of campus net is theintegration of net equipment as well as appl

14、ication software. It achieves share of data anduniform administration in the whole school through application software in the net. Then itrelax work burden of managers and teachers farthest. Thus the design and development ofeducation administration system become more important.Based on the two fact

15、ors above, in order to realize the industrialization of educationadministration system, author hopes that reuse technology on the basis of softwarecomponent is introduced to the design and development of education administration systemthrough the study on software component and relating technologies

16、. Ground on theresearch on software components and relating technologies, software componenttechnology is applied in the development procedure of education administration system inthis *. The theroy of component impenetrate in the process of analysis, design andimplementation of education administra

17、tion system. Component analyzing methods basedon UML technology is presented, and layered component system structure is designed inthis *. It also discusses encapsulation of the application logic depending on J2EE andEJB component technology to implement component system.Software componenttechnology

18、 is incorporated into the periods of software development process, which isuseful for instructing appliance of software component technology in the practise.The main work of this article is listed as follow:1. After reviewing software reuse technology, it points out that software componenttechnology

19、 is the means to large-scale software reuse, discusses software componenttechnology and software development method based on it, then introduces threemain-stream software component models and draws comparisons in them. On thebasis of the research on the present status of education administratioin sy

20、stem, itpresents that reuse theory based on software component is applied in the constructionof education administration system to constitue education administration systemdesign model depending on software component, so it can improve software reuse,maintenance and coherence, even support the upgra

21、de of the system.2. After analyzing system requirement and studying UML modeling technology, itproposes component extracting method and strategy based on UML technology,describes problem domain and problem responsibility of education administratioinsystem by use case graph, depicts the flow of repre

22、sentative use case and relatingclasses through interaction graph. Then it extracts classes diagram of the sytem bydefining properties、methods and relations of classes.Domain analyzing method isused in the above extracting procedure in order to the classes could be reused in thedomain. At last it extracts components based on classes diagram, then constructscomponent models of function of all parts of the system.3. It discusses system design and component design. On the