中考復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)案

1、中考復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)案一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1 .掌握一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法2 .掌握一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法3 .掌握一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法4 .掌握現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法二、知識(shí)講解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1 .基本用法：經(jīng)常性的和習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。2 .常見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為：everydayusuallysometimesinspringinthemorningoftenalwaysusually3 .當(dāng)句子主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞要作相應(yīng)的改變。?一般情況下，動(dòng)詞直接加So如：work->works?輔音字母加“y”結(jié)尾的詞,變y為i,再加-es如：carry->carries?以s、x、ch、sh、o結(jié)尾的加“es”如：gue

2、ss->guessesfix->fixeswatch->watchesgo->goes4 .句型«.肯定句.:Iamateacher.<Ybuareaworker：HikeEnglish.:MvmotherwashestheaJ：clotheseveryweek.;否定句1hnnotateacherYbuarenotaworker.Idon7likeEnglish.Mvmotherdoesiftwashtheclotheseveryweek.一般疑問(wèn)句Areyouateacher?I號(hào)heastudent?Doyoulikethemusic?Doesli

3、egotoworkbybus?特殊疑問(wèn)句Wherenreyoufrom?17/ifromthenorth.iWhatd口xmlm*nt?Iwautthebook$onyourdesk*般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng):1 .表客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。Theearth(go)roundthesun.2 .在when,assoonas,until,after,before等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。例：如果明天不下雨，我們將去野營(yíng)。Ifitdoesntraintomorrow,wellgoforapicnic.考點(diǎn)一：一些頻度副詞決定的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)Everyyearmany

4、foreignerstoChinatolearnChinese.A.havecomeB.comesC.cameD.come考點(diǎn)二：人或事物的狀態(tài)、特征和客觀存在情況下的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)Whatdoyoudo?Imanengineer.I_inacompanyinWuhan.Ilikemyjobverymuch.A.workB.hadworkedC.willworkD.worked考點(diǎn)三：when,until,assoonas等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)ImsorrythatJohnisout.Pleaseaskhimtocallmeassoonashe_.A.ret

5、urnedB.returnsC.willreturn一般過(guò)去時(shí)定義：動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、情況或存在的狀態(tài)。行為動(dòng)詞（即實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）的過(guò)去式一般沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成形式：1 .一般過(guò)去時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有be動(dòng)詞和行為動(dòng)詞兩種基本形式。2 .be動(dòng)詞（或系動(dòng)詞be）的過(guò)去式為was和were兩個(gè)。3 .行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，其變化分為規(guī)則和不規(guī)則的兩種。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成：1 .一般動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ed。如：look-looked,stay-stayed;2 .以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞只加-do如：hope-hoped,liveived；3 .末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音

6、節(jié)的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再力口-ed.如：stopfstopped,plan（計(jì)戈U）-planned;4 .結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動(dòng)詞，先將y改為i,再加-ed.如：studyfstudied,carryfcarried.一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)常見(jiàn)的基本用法：1 .表示在過(guò)去時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。LiuJiegotupat7:10thismorning.Hewasastudentthreeyearsago.2 .表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。ZhangYarualwayswenttoschoolbybikelastterm.3 .表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可用“usedto+do”表

7、示。Myfatherusedtosmoke.Grandmausedtobeahistoryteacher.注意:usedto表示過(guò)去常發(fā)生而現(xiàn)在不再發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。4 .表示過(guò)去所發(fā)生的一系列的動(dòng)作，而這一系列的動(dòng)作是從現(xiàn)在的角度來(lái)考慮的，不是從動(dòng)作相互之間的關(guān)系這一角度來(lái)考慮的。MissLiugotupatseveno'clockthismorning,dressed,hadbreakfast,andwenttowork.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)：1.當(dāng)沒(méi)有明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，描述幾個(gè)相繼發(fā)生過(guò)的動(dòng)作。Ialwaysgotuptoolate,washedmyface,hadaqui

8、ckbreakfastandhurriedtoschool.2.since從句中常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Youhaven'tchangedmuchsincewelastmet.考點(diǎn)：過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)所決定的一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)Excuseme.IsJoanin?Sorry,sheisn'hereatthemoment.Shetotherailwaystationhalfanhourago.A.goesB.wentC.hasgoneD.hasbeen般將來(lái)時(shí)概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu):1 .主語(yǔ)+will或者shall+動(dòng)詞原形will用于各種人稱+動(dòng)詞原形shall常用于第一人稱，表示征求意見(jiàn)

9、，2 .主語(yǔ)+be（is、am、are）goingto標(biāo)志語(yǔ)：tomorrow、in.、next例句：Theywillplaybasketballtomorrow.Willtheyplaybasketballtomorrow?Theywillnotplaybasketballtomorrow.Heisgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.Ishegoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow?Heisnotgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.ShallIturnonthelights?我開(kāi)燈好嗎Ishallnotturnonthelig

10、hts.shall/will/begoingto之間的區(qū)別：3 .shall往往用于第一人稱疑問(wèn)句,will可用于任何人稱。2 .will常用于表邀請(qǐng)或命令時(shí)以及帶有意愿色彩。3 .計(jì)劃決定要做某事，一般用begoingtodo結(jié)構(gòu)?？键c(diǎn)：表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)所決定的一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)Mr.SmithatalkoncountrymusicnextMonday.A.giveB.gaveC.hasgivenD.willgive例題：1. There_twomeetingstomorrowafternoon.A.aregoingtobeB.aregoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.willh

11、ave2. Thetwinstothecinemawiththeirparentstonight.A.willgoB.wouldgoC.aregoD.went3. -Whenwehavethemeeting?-At8.4. -When_you_forLondon?-Nextweek.A.will;leavingB.are;leavingC.shall;leaveD.have;left現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)或近階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作由“be十現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。例如:Look!Thestudentsarereading.（說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）Wereallworkingforthe2016Ol

12、ympics.（近階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）動(dòng)詞變化加ing：直接加ing。clean->cleaning以不發(fā)音“e”結(jié)尾的，去掉字母"e"jngl力口make->making重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母，再加ing。swim->swimming現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)：1. 在表達(dá)時(shí)，切記不要忘了be動(dòng)詞。am/is/aredoing2. 表達(dá)狀態(tài)、感情和感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)。know,be,want,think,see,hear,like,hope,love,have3. 有幾個(gè)瞬間動(dòng)詞可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)。begin,start,come,go,l

13、eave-WhenyouforToronto?-Tomorrow.A.do;leaveB.are;leavingC.will;leavingD.shall;leave考點(diǎn)一：時(shí)間副詞now或提示性動(dòng)詞listen,look決定的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Listen!Someoneoutside.A.singB.singsC.issingingD.aresinging考點(diǎn)二：上下文語(yǔ)境下的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)Wheresyourfather,Mike?Heinthekitchen.A.cooksB.cookedC.iscookingD.hascooked例題：1 .Look!What_thechildren_over

14、there?A.are;doB.are;doingC.is;doD.is;doing2 .Thoseworkersherethesemonths.A.areworkB.areworkedC.workD.areworking-Verywell.3 .-How_you_alongwithyourworkmates?A.do;getB.will;getC.can;getD.are;getting4 .-MustIwatertheflowersnow?-No,youneednt.Jackthem.A.iswateringB.wateringC.watersD.iswatered一、英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

15、試卷1閱讀下列短文，從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)RecentlyIhadatriptoSydneywithmyparents.WevisitedtheWildlifePark.TheWildlifeParkhaslotsofdifferentanimals.Somearenative（當(dāng)?shù)氐模﹖oAustralisandcanonlybefoundthere.Therearemorethan500animalsthere,includingkangaroos,koalas（考拉）andcrocodiles（鱷魚(yú)）.Theyarekeptintheirnaturalenvir

16、onment.IliketheWildlifeParkbetterthanazoo.Inzoos,mostoftheanimalsareincages（籠子）.Wefirstspentsometimewiththekangaroos.Wecouldtouchandfeelthem.Itwasveryexcitingtobesoclosetothem.Therewerekoalastheretoo.Theylookedverycuddly（令人想擁抱的）.Althoughwecouldn'tcarrykoalas,Icouldtakeaphotowithone.Itisawonderfu

17、lsouvenir（紀(jì)念品）ofmyholidayinSydney.TheWildlifeParkhasplentyoffreshwatercrocodilesandsaltwatercrocodiles.Someofthemareverybigandscary（嚇人的）withhugeteeth!Ididnotwanttogettooclosetothem.Therewasalsoabirdshow.Thekeepers（飼養(yǎng)員）showedusdifferentspecies（種類）ofbirds.Isawanoldparrot（鸚鵡）.Itcould"talk"and

18、madeagreatimpressiononme.Ienjoythetripverymuch.Therewassomuchtosee.（1）TheWildlifeParkis.A.inSydneyB.inCaironC.inAthensnD.inRome(2) Whatisawonderfulsouvenirofthewriter'sholiday?A. Aparrotthatcouldtalk.B. Achancetofeedakoala.C.Aphotowithakoala.D.Foodforthekangaroos.(3) Whydidn'tthewriterwantto

19、getveryclosetothecrocodiles?A. Theylivedinwater.B. Thewriterwasafraidofthem.C. Thewriterdidnotwanttofeedthem.D.Thewriterdidnotlikethesmellofsaltwater.(4) Whichofthefollowingistrue?A. ThekangaroosarekeptincagesintheWildlifePark.B. ThewritertraveledtotheWildlifeParkalone.C. Thewriterwenttoseekoalasfir

20、st.D.Thewriterwatchedabirdshow.(5) AftervisitingtheWildlifePark,thewriterfelt.A.boredB.unhappyC.excitedD.hopeless【答案】(1)AC(3) B(4) DC【解析】【分析】本文介紹作者和家人去悉尼的所見(jiàn)所聞所感。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)RecentlyIhadatriptoSydneywithmyparents.WevisitedtheWildlifePark可知野生動(dòng)物園在悉尼，故選Ao(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Icouldtakeaphotowithone.Itisawonderfulsouve

21、nir(紀(jì)念品)ofmyholidayinSydne,可知一張和樹(shù)熊的照片是作家假期的一個(gè)很好的紀(jì)念品，故選C。(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Someofthemareverybigandscary(嚇人的)withhugeteeth!Ididnotwanttogettooclosetothem.可知作家不想離鱷魚(yú)很近，因?yàn)樗ε瞒{魚(yú)，故選B。(4)推理題。根據(jù)Therewasalsoabirdshow.Thekeepers(飼養(yǎng)員)showedusdifferentspecies(種類)ofbirds.Isawanoldparrot,可知作者看來(lái)鳥(niǎo)展，故選D。(5)推理題。根據(jù)Ienjoythetrip

22、verymuch.Therewassomuchtosee,可知在參觀了野生動(dòng)物園后，作者感到興奮，故選Co【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。2 .閱讀理解IamTurere.IcomefromKitengela,afarmingcommunityontheedge（邊緣）ofNairobiNationalParkofKenya（肯尼亞）.Sincetheageofnine.Ihavehelpedtolookaftermyfamily'scows.Asachild,inmyfreetime.Ienjoyedp

23、layingwithelectronics.Imademyowninventions,suchaselectronictoysfromcarpartsandotherthings.Ialsobuiltotherelectronicdevices（儀器）formyneighbors.Attheageof13,Iinventedsomethingthatchangedmylife.Italsochangedthelivesofmanypeopleinmycommunity.Onenight,alionfromtheparkcameintomyfamily'sfarmandkilledone

24、ofourcows.Iwasangry.However,killingthelion,Ithought,wasnotthebestwaytosolvetheproblem.Instead,IdecidedtoinventasolutionThefirstideaIgotwastousefire,becauseIthoughtlionswerescaredoffire.ButIcametorealizethatdidn'treallyhelp,becauseitwasevenhelpingthelionstoseethroughthecowshed（牛棚）.SoIdidn'tgi

25、veup.Icontinued.AndasecondideaIgotwastouseascarecrow（稻草人）.Iwastryingtotrickthelionsintothinking）thatIwasstandingnearthecowshed.Butlionsareveryclever.Theywillcomethefirstdayandtheyseethescarecrow,andtheygoback.Butthesecondday,they'llcomeandtheysay,thisthingisnotmovinghere,itjsalwayshere!Sohejumps

26、inandkillstheanimals.Soonenight,Iwaswalkingaroundthecowshedwithatorch（手電筒）,andthatdaythelionsdidn'tcome.AndIdiscoveredthatlionswereafraidofamovinglight.SoIhadanidea.（1） WhatwasTurereinterestedinwhenhewasachild?A.Trickingtheneighbors.nB.Lookingaftercows.C.Playingwithelectronics."D.Makingcarp

27、arts（2） Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"_inParagraph4referto?A.Thelion.B.Thescarcer.C.Thecow.D.Thecowshed（3） What'sthesolutiontodrivingthelionaway?A.UsingamovinglightB.Usingatorch"C.Usingascarecrow（4） Whatcanwegetfromthepassage?A.Thelionkilledallthecows.hB.Turerekilledthelionatlast.C

28、.Thelionnolongerlivedinthepark.11D.Turere'sinventionmadepeacewithlions.【答案】（1）CB（5） 3）A（6） 4）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要敘述來(lái)自基騰格拉，一個(gè)位于肯尼亞內(nèi)羅畢國(guó)家公園邊緣的農(nóng)業(yè)社區(qū)的男孩Turere。從九歲開(kāi)始。幫忙照看我家的奶牛。作為一個(gè)孩子，在的空閑時(shí)間。喜歡玩電子產(chǎn)品。有自己的發(fā)明，比如汽車(chē)零件和其他東西做成的電子玩具。還為鄰居制造了其他電子設(shè)備。13歲時(shí)，我發(fā)明了改變我生活的東西。它也改變了我社區(qū)許多人的生活。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Asachild,inmyfreetime.Ie

29、njoyedplayingwithelectronics.可知他對(duì)玩電子產(chǎn)品感興趣。故選C。（2）代詞的指代題。由上句Butthesecondday,they'llcomeandtheysay,thisthingisnotmovinghere?？芍猧t是指thisthing=ascarecrow，稻草人不會(huì)動(dòng)，故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由AndIdiscoveredthatlionswereafraidofamovinglight.可知趕走獅子的方法就是使用移動(dòng)光，故選A。（4）推理判斷題。由Soonenight,Iwaswalkingaroundthecowshedwithatorc

30、h,andthatdaythelionsdidn'tcome.可知用移動(dòng)光的方法能趕走獅子殺害村子里動(dòng)物，又不用殺死獅子。圖雷爾的發(fā)明與獅子和平共處，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，首先通讀全文，了解全文大意，其次分析問(wèn)題，抓住關(guān)鍵詞，在文中尋找相關(guān)信息，確定答案，最后再檢查一遍，確保答案正確。3 閱讀理解ThenAlicesawasmallglasstable.Therewasalittlegoldenkeyonit.Shepickeditandputitinallthelocksonthedoorsbutitdidn'topenanyofthem.Shemovedacurta

31、inononeofthewallsanddiscoveredanotherdoor,averysmallone.Sheputthekeyinthelock.Itwasexactlytherightsize!Sheopenedthedoorandlookedthroughit.Attheendofalowpassageshesawabeautifulgarden.Itwasfullofbrightlycolouredflowersandfountains."Oh,howbeautiful!"shesaid."I'dlovetogotherebutI'

32、mtoobigtogetthroughthedoor."Shewalkedbacktothetable.Therewasabottleonitnow."I'msurethatbottlewasn'ttherebefore,"shesaid,alittleconfused.Sheputdownthekeyandpickedupthebottle.Shereadthewords"DRINKME"onit.Alicewasn'tastupidgirl.Shedidn'tdrinkitimmediately.Firsts

33、helookedatthebottlecarefully.Therewasn'talabelonitthatsaid"POISON".Sosheputthebottletoherlipsanddrank."Mmm,ifsnice,"shesaid.Ittastedlikecherrytart,pineapple,roastturkeyandtoast-allthethingsthatshelikedtoeat-soshedranksomemore.Andsomemore.Soonthebottlewasempty."Whatacurio

34、usfeeling,"shesaid."I'mgettingsmallerandsmaller.'"Itwastrue!ShewasnowassmallashercatDinah."Good!Icangothroughthedoorintothegarden,"shesaid.But,poorAlice!Whenshegottothedoor,shedidn'thavethekey!Itwasonthetable.Shecouldn'treachitbecauseshewastoosmallnow.Shesatd

35、ownandcried.Afterawhileshesaid,"Alice!Stopcrying!Cryingdoesn'thelp!Dryyourtearsimmediately!"Whenshelookedatthetableagain,shesawasmallglassboxunderit.Shepickeditupandopenedit.Therewasasmallcakeinside.Ithadthewords"EATME"onit.Sheputasmallpieceofitinhermouth."IfIgrowbiggerI

36、canreachthekey,"shethought."AndifIgrowsmallerIcangounderthedoor."ButnothinghappenedsoshefinishediL_(1) Fromthepassagewecanknowthat.A. atfirstAlicecouldgothroughthedoorintothegardeneasilyB. thenAlicefoundtherewasalittlegoldenkeyonasmallwoodentableC.AlicewasassmallasherrabbitDinahafters

37、hedranksomethinginthebottleD.Alicesawasmallglassboxwithasmallcakeinitunderthetable(2) Alicedidthefollowingthingsintheorderof.a. Shesawabeautifulgardenattheendofalowpassage.b. Shemovedacurtainanddiscoveredanotherdoor.c. Sheputasmallpieceofthecakeinhermouth.d. Sheputthebottletoherlipsanddrank.e. Shecr

38、iedbecauseshecouldn'treachthekey.A.a-b-c-d-eB.b-a-d-e-cC.d-a-b-e-cD.b-d-e-a-c(3) Theunderlinedword"it"inthelastparagraphrefersto.A.thesmallboxB.theglasstableC.thesmallcakeD.thegoldenkey(4) Accordingtothepassage,thebestwordstodescribeAliceare.A. carefulandbraveB. curiousandhelpfulC. cle

39、verandfriendlyD. organizedandstrange【答案】（1）D（ 2） B（ 3） C（ 4） A【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要講愛(ài)麗絲被關(guān)到一座房子里，但出不去，里面有一些東西可以使她變小。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中"Thenshesawalittleglasstablewiththreelegs,andonthetopofitwasaverysmallgoldkey."愛(ài)麗絲看見(jiàn)一張小玻璃桌。上面有一把金鑰匙可知她是在玻璃桌上發(fā)現(xiàn)鑰匙的。選項(xiàng)B不符合文章內(nèi)容，故排除B；"Oh,howbeautiful!"shesaid

40、."I'dlovetogotherebutI'mtoobigtogetthroughthedoor."我很想去那里，但是我太大了，不能從門(mén)進(jìn)去?！笨芍x項(xiàng)A不符合文章內(nèi)容，故排除A；"I'mgettingsmallerandsmaller.'"Itwastrue!ShewasnowassmallashercatDinah.我越來(lái)越小了?！笔钦娴?！她現(xiàn)在和她的貓黛娜一樣小?？芍x項(xiàng)C符合文章內(nèi)容，故排除C；Whenshelookedatthetableagain,shesawasmallglassboxunderit.She

41、pickeditupandopenedit.Therewasasmallcakeinside.她看到桌子下面有一個(gè)小玻璃盒。她把它撿起來(lái)打開(kāi)了。里面有一個(gè)小蛋糕，可知選項(xiàng)D符合文章內(nèi)容，故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)通讀全文，找出在文中的位置。b：Shemovedacurtainanddiscoveredanotherdoor.；a：Shesawabeautifulgardenattheendofalowpassage.；d：Sheputthebottletoherlipsanddrank.e：Shecriedbecauseshecouldn'treachthekey.；c：Shepu

42、tasmallpieceofthecakeinhermouth.找出在文中的位置，故選B。（3）代詞指代題。根據(jù)全文，可能小蛋糕的作用與液體的作用一樣，她可能變得太小了或變大，都與小蛋糕有關(guān)系，故選C。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)Alicewasn'tastupidgirl.Shedidn'tdrinkitimmediately.Firstshelookedatthebottlecarefully.Therewasn'talabelonitthatsaid"POISON".愛(ài)麗絲不是個(gè)傻女孩。她沒(méi)有馬上喝。她先仔細(xì)地看了看瓶子。上面沒(méi)有寫(xiě)著“毒藥”的標(biāo)簽。

43、可以推知她是一個(gè)謹(jǐn)慎并勇敢的女孩。A：carefulandbrave謹(jǐn)慎和勇敢；B：curiousandhelpful好奇和樂(lè)于助人；C：cleverandfriendly聰明和友好；D：organizedandstrange有條理和奇怪。故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題兩種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。4閱讀材料，然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。Everyonefacesdifficultiesintheirlife.DanielKishwasbornwithaspecialeyeillnessandlosthi

44、seyesightbeforehewasonly14monthsold.Soonafter,however,hestartedtodoanamazingthing.Helearnedtomakeclicks(咔噠聲)withhistonguetohelphimmovearound.Kishnowmovesaboutusingsonar(聲納).Heissogoodatitthathecanrideabicyclebyhimselfonpublicroads.AndhestartedtheorganizationWorldAccessfortheBlind(WAFTB)in2000,teachi

45、ngothershowtousesonar.IntheinterviewwithNationalGeographic,heexplainshowthesonarworks."WhenImakeaclicksound,itproducessoundwaves.Thesewavesreflect(反射)offsurfacesallaroundandreturntomyears.Mybrainthendealswiththesoundandturnsitintopicturesinmymind.Eachclickislikeacameraflash,whichhelpsmemakea3-D

46、pictureofmysurroundingsforhundredsoffeet.It'slikehavingaconversationwiththeenvironment."Kishfeelsitisexcitingtorideabikeusingsonar,althoughheneedstoclicktwiceasecond,muchmorethanheusuallydoes."Itmaysoundabitdangeroustomovearoundtheworldinthisway,"hesays."Butmostpeopleinthewor

47、ldliveinfearofthingsthattheyimagine.Ilovehikingandmountain-biking.Igoalmosteverywhere.AndI'veneverhadanaccidentandhurtmyself."Heishappytobeabletohelpmoreblindchildrentoimprovetheirlife."We'veservedover10,000studentsinnearly40countries,"hetellsthereporter."Manystudentsares

48、urprisedhowquicklyresultscome.Seeingisn'tintheeyes.It'sinthemind."(1) Kishmovesaroundusingsonarbecause.A. heisgoodatmakingclicksB. itmakeshim"see"theworldC. hehasagreatinterestinscienceD. itisimportantforhimtokeephealthy(2) Whichofthefollowingistherightordershowinghowthesonarw

49、orks? Thesoundwavesreflectoffsurfaces. Thepersonmakesaclickingsound. Thebrainturnsthesoundintopictures. Thesoundwavesreachtheperson'sears.A.川B.C.mD.（ 3） WhatcanwelearnaboutWorldAccessfortheBlind（WAFTB）fromthepassage?A. Itofferstheblindfreebicycles.B. Itsellssonarproductstotheblind.C. Itteachesth

50、eblindtousesonar.D. Ithelpstheblindfindmorefriends.（ 4） Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe.A. LivingwithoutfearB. TravelingwiththeblindC. HopingforthefutureD.Lookingaroundtheworld【答案】（1）B（ 2） B（ 3） C（ 4） A【解析】【分析】文章大意：丹尼爾雖然失明，但是他能利用聲吶幫助他行動(dòng)。他于2000年成立了世界盲人通道組織，教其他人如何使用聲納。他很高興能夠幫助更多的失明兒童改善他們的生活。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。

51、根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句WhenImakeaclicksound,itproducessoundwaves.Thesewavesreflect（反射）offsurfacesallaroundandreturntomyears.Mybrainthendealswiththesoundandturnsitintopicturesinmymind.Eachclickislikeacameraflash,whichhelpsmemakea3-Dpictureofmysurroundingsforhundredsoffeet.It'slikehavingaconversationwiththeenviro

52、nment."理解可知，丹尼爾主要利用聲吶來(lái)幫助他看清周?chē)氖澜?，故選B。（2）根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句HeWhenImakeaclicksound,itproducessoundwaves.可知，第一句應(yīng)該是Thepersonmakesaclickingsound.根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句Thesewavesreflect（反射）offsurfacesallaroundandreturntomyears.理解可知，第二句應(yīng)該是Thesoundwavesreflectoffsurfaces.第三句是Thesoundwavesreachtheperson'sears.根據(jù)語(yǔ)句Mybrainthendealswiththesoundandturnsitintopicturesinmymind.理解可知，第四句應(yīng)該是Thebrainturnsthesoundintopictures.它們的順序是，故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句AndhestartedtheorganizationWorldAccessfortheBlind（WAFTB）in2000,teachingothershowtousesonar.理解可知，丹尼爾創(chuàng)建WAFTB的目的就是教其他盲人學(xué)會(huì)利用聲吶，故選C。（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句Kishfeelsitisexcit