新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修4知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解

1、高中英語(yǔ)必修4知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解必修4 Unit1 Women of achievement知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解重點(diǎn)詞匯1. achieve 【課文原句】She has achieved everything she wanted to do (P3)【名師點(diǎn)撥】achieve v. 意為“完成；到達(dá)，指經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期努力而到達(dá)某目標(biāo)、地位或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等。其名詞形式為achievement，意為“成就；功績(jī)，a sense of achievement可指“成就感。如：He had finally achieved success.Even a small success gives you a sense of achi

2、evement.2. condition【課文原句】She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. (P1)【名師點(diǎn)撥】condition 意為“環(huán)境；境況；條件時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式conditions；意為“狀態(tài)；狀況時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞，be in good condition表示“處于良好的狀態(tài)，be out of condition表示“健康狀況不佳。如：We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad c

3、onditions.The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.My car is old but in good condition.He is overweight and out of condition.【知識(shí)拓展】condition意為“條件時(shí)，常用短語(yǔ)on condition that，表示“如果；在條件下；在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中，也經(jīng)常用under the condition that。如：I will come on condition that Peter is invited.They agreed

4、under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.3. devote【課文原句】She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. (P1)【名師點(diǎn)撥】devote vt. 意為“投入于；獻(xiàn)身，其賓語(yǔ)后常與介詞to搭配，to后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。devote to 意為“獻(xiàn)身；致力于，指把自己、時(shí)間、精力等奉獻(xiàn)給某種工作或事業(yè)。如：He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.

5、The girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance. After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.4. behave【課文原句】Jane has studied these animals for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. (P2)【名師點(diǎn)撥】behave vi & vt. 意為“舉動(dòng)；舉止；行為表現(xiàn)，如b

6、ehave well / badly等。其名詞形式為behaviour，指“行為；態(tài)度；舉止。如：The parents encouraged the children to behave well in front of the guests.My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired.Everyone praises the children's good behaviour.5. worthwhile【課文原句】But the evening makes it all worthwhile. (P2)【名師點(diǎn)撥】w

7、orthwhile adj.意為“值得做的；值得出力的，可作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示“值得做，在動(dòng)詞-ing形式的結(jié)構(gòu)中，worthwhile有時(shí)可以用來(lái)替代worth，特別是在表示“值得花時(shí)間這一概念時(shí)。如：I think teaching school is always a worthwhile job.The book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth reading.6. observe【課文原句】Jane spent many years observing a

8、nd recording their daily activities. (P2)【名師點(diǎn)撥】observe vt. 意為“觀察；觀測(cè)；遵守，可用observe sb do sth，observe + that從句。其名詞形式為observation。如：I observed the man who murdered the boy enter the shop.He observed that we should probably have rain.Most information was collected by direct observation of the animals beh

9、aviour.7. argue【課文原句】She has argued for them to be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. (P2)【名師點(diǎn)撥】argue作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵；爭(zhēng)辯。argue for意為“為辯護(hù)；argue with sb about / over sth指“就某事和某人爭(zhēng)論；argue against意為“據(jù)理反對(duì)；爭(zhēng)辯。如：It is no use arguing for the plan because it has been rejected.We a

10、re always arguing with each other about money.  Father argued fiercely against any increase in expenditure for the childrens annual party.【知識(shí)拓展】argue的名詞形式為argument，意為“爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)端；論證，常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)settle an argument指“解決爭(zhēng)端。9. care for【課文原句】It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and

11、 caring for babies by following some rules for keeping babies clean and healthy. (P6)【名師點(diǎn)撥】care for可以表示look after的意思，意為“照顧；照料，且較正式；也可表示“喜歡的意思。如：His son cared for him when he was ill.In fact, I dont really care for basketball.另外，在上面的句子中，explain意為“解釋，說(shuō)明，后可接名詞、代詞、從句或wh + to do作賓語(yǔ)，可用explain sth to sb或ex

12、plain to sb sth。如：Will you explain to us how we can finish the work as soon as possible?【知識(shí)拓展】care about意為“介意；在乎，表示是否認(rèn)為某事是重要的，某事是否引起了某人的興趣或使其憂慮。最常用于疑問(wèn)句或否認(rèn)句中。about用在賓語(yǔ)前面，但是在連詞前面一般省掉。I dont care about your opinion.I dont care whether it rains Im happy.10. intend【課文原句】I looked carefully at the text and

13、 realised that it was intended for women who lived in the countryside. (P6)【名師點(diǎn)撥】intend v. 意為“打算；方案；想要。intend to do sth意為“想干某事；intend后也可以接動(dòng)詞-ing形式或that從句。intend for表示“原打算給某人；準(zhǔn)備讓干。如：I intended to come to your house last night but it rained. I intend coming / to come back soon. He hadnt really intende

14、d that they should be there. This gift is intended for you.熱點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法主謂一致用法難點(diǎn)小結(jié)：一、集合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致。1. 集合名詞有family, team, group, party, class, public, club, crew, crowd, enemy, audience, company, committee, government, population等，當(dāng)被看作一個(gè)整體時(shí)，表示單數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果這些集合名詞指其中的每個(gè)成員，表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞那么用復(fù)數(shù)形式。即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要與主語(yǔ)的含義

15、相一致。如：My class is a big one, including thirty boys and thirty girls.My class are working hard for the coming exam.2. 有些集合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)只能用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：people, the police, the military, mankind, cattle等。如：The police are searching for the lost child. 二、不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致。不定代詞anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, every

16、body, everything, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, nothing, each, the other等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如： Everything goes well with me. Each of the students in our class has an English-Chinese dictionary.三、“名詞名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致。當(dāng)表示同一人物或觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：A novelist and playwright is coming to our school. 這里表示“一位小說(shuō)家兼劇作家，是同一

17、個(gè)人，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如果是A novelist and a playwright作主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)表示“一位小說(shuō)家和一位劇作家，是兩個(gè)人，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，該句應(yīng)改為：A novelist and a playwright are coming to our school.四、The adj.作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致。當(dāng)The adj.表示抽象的含義時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：The beautiful is the true.當(dāng)The adj.表示該類全體的含義時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：The rich should help the poor.必修4 Unit 2 Working the land

18、知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解Unit2 Working the landPhrases and Idioms1. be satisfied (with): pleased because you have got what you want  1) Jane isn't quite satisfied with the way the barber cut her hair.2) If you are not completely satisfied, you can get your money back.3) I am not really satisfied with the job y

19、ou did.2. refer to : a) mention or speak about someone or something  b) to look at a hook map, piece of paper, etc, for information1)We agreed never to refer to the matter again.2) Although she didn't mention any names, everyone knew who she was   referring to.3) He gave the speec

20、h without referring to his notes even once.3. would rather: used to say what someone prefers  1) It seems you would rather play than work.2) She would rather die than lose the children.3) I would rather starve than be dependent on anyone again.4. thanks to sb/ sth : because of sb./ sth. 1) I wa

21、s late thanks to the heavy traffic.2) It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.3) We've collected $50,000 for the poor, thanks to the generosity of the public.5. rid of sb/sth: become free of 1) Will science- finally rid us of this disease?2) Do you think it possible to rid the world of nucl

22、ear weapons?3) By working hard day and night, she is trying to rid herself of loneliness and sadness.6. lead a .life: live in the way what you life is like  1) Before liberation, my grandpa led a dog's life.2) If the operation succeeds, the patient will be able to lead a normal life.3) Mrs.

23、 Black is retired and leads a quiet and peaceful life in a mountain village.7. care about: love; be interested in; be concerned with 1) Just listening to somebody shows you care about them.2) Your parents are only doing this because they care about you.3) The only thing this rich- and greedy man see

24、ms to care about is money.8. insist on sth/doing sth: to demand that something must be done or that you must have a particular thing  1) The school insists on good behaviour from its students.2) John insisted on doing all the work himself, though he was in poor health.3) The old man insisted on

25、 helping me find a taxi even though I told him I didn't need any help.必修4 Unit3 A taste of humor 知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解Unit3重點(diǎn)聚集1. content【課文原句】Perhaps it makes us feel more content with our life because we feel there is someone else worse off than ourselves. (P17)【名師點(diǎn)撥】content adj.意為“滿足的；滿意的，be content to do意為“

26、樂(lè)意去做某事；be content with sb / sth意為“對(duì)某人或某事感到滿意，相當(dāng)于be pleased with或be satisfied with。如：Im content to help you to set up a website on the Internet.Those who are not content with the progress they have made will have greater success.注：worse off是badly off的比擬級(jí)，意思是“境況比更差；better off意為“境況比好。如：To my surprise,

27、I found his living conditions were much worse off than mine.With the development of economy, more and more people are better off.【知識(shí)拓展】content還可作動(dòng)詞，意為“使?jié)M足；作名詞時(shí)，表示“滿足；心滿意足，也可表示“書(shū)、報(bào)紙等的內(nèi)容；目錄；含量。如：My explanation seemed to content him.Now she began to live in peace and content.We've discussed the unu

28、sual form of the book now, what about the content?2. astonish【課文原句】However, some actors can astonish us with the deep feelings they can inspire in us for a character they are playing. (P17)【名師點(diǎn)撥】astonish vt意為“使大為吃驚；使驚異，比surprise程度強(qiáng)，比shock程度弱。如：I was astonished to hear that the professor had broken d

29、own because of his hard work.I was astonished by how much she'd grown.【知識(shí)拓展】(1) astonishing adj意為“令人驚異的。如：The astonishing news made the world astonished, and a great many people expressed their opinions on the Internet.(2) astonished adj指(某人)處于驚異、吃驚狀況，常用be astonished at sth。如：He was astonished a

30、t what Tom had said and done.(3) astonishment n.意為“驚訝，可用to ones astonishment表示“使某人吃驚的是。如：To my astonishment, she still remembered my birthday.3. particular【課文原句】He became famous for using a particular form of acting, including mime and farce. (P17)【名師點(diǎn)撥】particular adj.意為“專指的；特別的；格外的；不尋常的。be particul

31、ar about / over sth意為“對(duì)某事很講究 / 很挑剔。in particular意為“特別地。如：There was nothing in the newspaper of particular importance.I'm not particular about my clothes; I don't mind what I wear.He talked about the ball games in general and talked about football in particular.What in particular did you like

32、 about the last apartment that we saw?4. worn-out【課文原句】He played a poor and homeless person, who wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat and carried a walking stick. (P18) 【名師點(diǎn)撥】worn-out adj. (1) 意為“磨損的；損壞的；穿破的 (用壞的以至完全無(wú)用的)。如：Since your shoes are worn-out, why not buy another

33、 pair? (2) 意為“筋疲力盡的；耗盡的，相當(dāng)于be tired out。如： He was worn-out after the long journey.5. failure & overcome【課文原句】This character was a social failure but he was loved by all who watched the films for his determination in overcoming difficulties and being kind even when people wereunkind to him(P18) 【

34、名師點(diǎn)撥】(1) failure意為“失敗時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞；意為“失敗者；失敗的事時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞。如：As we all know, failure is the mother of success. At last, he was a great success, while she was a failure.To our disappointment, the party turned out to be a failure.(2) overcome v.意為“控制(感情)；克服(困難)；征服；戰(zhàn)勝，可用于to overcome difficulties / obstacles / pr

35、oblems / resistance等。如：He made great efforts to overcome the difficulty.They succeeded to overcome the tallest mountain in the world.【知識(shí)拓展】fail還可作動(dòng)詞，意為“失敗；不及格；無(wú)法做到，可用fail to do sth或者fail in doing sth。如：I failed to persuade him to give up smoking.= I failed in persuading him to give up smoking.6. in

36、search of 【課文原句】The film is set in California in the middle of the nineteenth century when gold was discovered and thousands of people rushed there in search of it. (P18)【名師點(diǎn)撥】in search of意為“尋找。類似的詞組有：in theaones search forof，make a search forof，在這三個(gè)短語(yǔ)中search是名詞。如：Today, many countryside people have

37、 rush to the city in search of good jobs.The researchers are in their search for the animals which they want to experiment with.注意：in search of 中of不可換用for?！局R(shí)拓展】search還可以是作動(dòng)詞，意為“搜尋，search 的賓語(yǔ)是尋找的東西所在的處所，即search someplace for sth，意為“搜查某地找。如：They searched the building for the robber.He searched his po

38、ckets for some change.而search sb for sth意為“搜某人身以找到某物。如：He searched the boy for the lost pen.search afterfor = look for = hunt for意為“到處尋找。如：People who are searching after inner peace sometimes turn to religion.7. pick up【課文原句】They wash sand from the river in a pan of water, and expect to pick up gold

39、, but they have been not fortunate enough to find any. (P18) 【名師點(diǎn)撥】pick up意為“拾起；拿起。如：He picked up his hat and went out. pick up還有其他意思：(1) 在中途搭載承載(乘客、貨物等)。如：The bus stopped to pick up passengers (2) (偶然地)發(fā)現(xiàn)，得到，購(gòu)置；學(xué)得，得到(知識(shí)、利益)。如：I picked up the book in a lonely placeShe picked up French very quickly i

40、n France. When you live in a country, you soon pick up the language.(3) 恢復(fù)，使恢復(fù)。如：I believe he will pick up by the seaside. (4) 接收，收聽(tīng)(播送)。如：It is easy to pick up the programme clearly through my radio.    【知識(shí)拓展】pick out意為“選好；選出；認(rèn)出；看清楚。如：Have you picked out the movie you want to see?Can

41、 you pick out your brother out from that group of people?8. cut off【課文原句Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe, treating it as if it were the finest meat(P18)【名師點(diǎn)撥】cut off意為“切下來(lái)；剪下來(lái)。如：He cut off piece of cloth and wrapped the wound.cut off還可譯為“切斷；停掉；使 中斷。如：Theyve cut off the water temporarily

42、because they are repairing one of the main pipes.It was dangerous that our food and water supply were cut off at that time.We were cut off in the middle of our telephone conversation.Because I failed to pay the telephone bill, the telephone operator cut us off.必修4 Unit4 Body Language 知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解Unit 4 重點(diǎn)聚

43、集1. major, local & represent【課文原句】They will be meeting at a major hotel with local business people and people who represent the Chinese government. (P25)【名師點(diǎn)撥】(1) major adj. 表示“主要的；較大的；重要的，句中a major hotel 意思是“大酒店；major經(jīng)常用作名詞，意為“主修課程；專業(yè)課；可作動(dòng)詞，主要用于major in，意為“主修。如：Many people wish to live in a maj

44、or city. She decided to take computer as her major.My friend majored in economics at Tsinghua University.(2) local adj. 表示“地方的；當(dāng)?shù)氐?。含有l(wèi)ocal的常用詞組：local customs意為“地方風(fēng)俗；local news意為“本地新聞；the local TV station意為“地方電視臺(tái)；the local court意為“地方法院；the local government意為“地方政府。如: My sister studies at a local unive

45、rsity. (3) represent在本句中是“代表的意思，還有“象征；表現(xiàn)；描繪；扮演等意思。如：We must choose someone to represent us. (代表)The stars in our flag represent the States. (象征)This picture represents a man riding a horse. (表現(xiàn))【知識(shí)拓展】meet with sb表示“和某人會(huì)晤商討問(wèn)題等。但具體句子要具體分析，有時(shí)候可表示“偶然遇見(jiàn)。如：I met with a friend on the train yesterday. 偶遇2.

46、introduce【課文原句】You introduce them to each other, and are surprised by what you see. (P26)【名師點(diǎn)撥】introduce表示“介紹；引薦；引進(jìn)；采用等意思，常和to連用，即introduce to。在本句中是“介紹；引薦的意思。如：Let me introduce myself to you first. The chairman introduced the speaker to the audience. 【知識(shí)拓展】introduce的名詞形式是introduction，意為“介紹，多作不可數(shù)名詞，有

47、時(shí)候也作可數(shù)名詞；還可譯為“引論；導(dǎo)言；概論，是可數(shù)名詞。如：My next guest needs no introduction (= is already known to everyone).Before the meeting began I made the necessary introductions.The introduction in a book tells us what the book is about.3. approach & touch【課文原句】Mr Garcia approaches Mrs Smith, touches her shoulder

48、 and kisses her on the cheek. (P26)【名師點(diǎn)撥】(1) approach vt. & vi. 意為“接近；靠近；走近。approach作名詞講時(shí)，表示“方法；步驟；途徑；接近，用于make approaches to sb，表示“想法接近認(rèn)識(shí)某人。如：We could just see the train approaching in the distance.It began to rain when he approached his home.The time is approaching when we must be on board. Al

49、l approaches were blocked because of the accident. A new approach should be found to solve the matter. I am not good at making approaches to strangers.(2) touch作動(dòng)詞講，意為“接觸；觸摸；touch作名詞時(shí)，除了“接觸；觸摸的意思外，還有“聯(lián)系的意思。如：Visitors are not allowed not to touch the exhibits.keep in touch with 同保持聯(lián)系get in / into tou

50、ch with 和取得聯(lián)系lose touch with 和失去聯(lián)系be out of touch with  同失去聯(lián)系4. express【課文原句】 they also express their feelings using unspoken “l(fā)anguage through keeping physical distance, actions or posture. (P26)【名師點(diǎn)撥】express vt.意為“表達(dá)；表示。文中express their feelings 意為“表達(dá)他們的感情；express oneself用于表達(dá)自己的意思、思想或情感。如

51、：No words can express my thanks to your help.He can express himself in clear English now after five years' hard learning.【知識(shí)拓展】express作名詞講時(shí)，表示“快車；快遞；快件。如：the No. 102 special express to Beijing   開(kāi)往北京的102次特快5. avoid【課文原句】It is an interesting study and can help you avoid difficulty in co

52、mmunication. (P26) 【名師點(diǎn)撥】avoid vt. 表示“避開(kāi)；防止，avoid difficulty in communication意思是“防止交際上的困難。avoid后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。如：Why are you trying to avoid that boy? I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and ran towards me.6. be likely to【課文原句】People from places like Spain, Italy or South Ameri

53、can countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them. (P26)【名師點(diǎn)撥】likely作形容詞，指“可能發(fā)生某事，后可接不定式或從句。be likely to意為“很可能；有希望。如：Do remind me because I'm likely to forget.It's quite likely that we'll be in Spain this time next year.They are likely to refuse your invitation.【知識(shí)拓

54、展】likely, possible, probable都含有“可能的的意思，但也有差異：likely指從外表跡象來(lái)看很有可能。如:Look at the black clouds. It is likely to rain tonight. possible指由于有適當(dāng)?shù)臈l件和方法，某事可能發(fā)生或做到，強(qiáng)調(diào)“客觀上有可能, 但常含有“實(shí)際希望很小的意思。如:It is possible to go to the moon now. probable語(yǔ)氣比 possible強(qiáng)，“可能性最大，指有根據(jù)、合情理、值得相信的事物，帶有“大概、很可能的意思。如:I don't think th

55、e story is probable. 7. at ease【課文原句】A smile is the universal facial expression it is intended to put people at ease. (P29)【名師點(diǎn)撥】at ease是個(gè)固定詞組，意思是“處在舒適、自由自在的狀態(tài)下。本句中put people at ease意為“使人自由自在；不拘束。如：Her mind was at ease, knowing that the children were safe. 【知識(shí)拓展】(1) ease作名詞講時(shí)，表示“安逸；安心；不費(fèi)力；悠閑。如：He le

56、ads a life of ease. (= He leads an easy life.)(2) ease 作動(dòng)詞講時(shí)，表示“解除；減輕痛苦、憂愁或煩惱。如：The doctor gave him some painkillers to ease the pain. (3) ease的常用短語(yǔ)： with ease (= easily) 熟練地；輕而易舉地be (feel) ill at ease 局促不安, 心神不寧put sb at his ease 使某人寬心; 使某人感到無(wú)拘無(wú)束stand at ease 稍息必修4 Unit5 Theme parks 知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解Unit 5 知識(shí)綜

57、合輔導(dǎo)1. amuse【課文原句】Parks provide people with a place to amuse themselves and to escape their busy lives for a while. (P33)【名師點(diǎn)撥】amuse vt. 意為“使快樂(lè)；使開(kāi)心，和please取悅于；讓快樂(lè)是近義詞。amuse oneself意為“自?shī)首詷?lè)；消遣。amuse的名詞形式是amusement。如： I think it amuses him to see people make fools of themselves. I bought a magazine to amuse myself while I was on the train. They are more than amusement parks with rides, such as a Ferris wheel, merry-go-round or a roller coaster. (P33)Carl came last in the race, much to my amusement.【知識(shí)拓展】amused adj. 意為“逗樂(lè)的；覺(jué)得好笑的，常用be am