非謂語動詞的用法比較

1、非謂語動詞的用法比較promise,answer,reply,attempt,belief,way,reason,moment,time等。）1、動詞不定式與動詞-ing（動名詞）作主語時的比較：不定式作主語通常表示“具體動作”或“某個特定的情形”。動名詞作主語通常表示“抽象動作或泛指一樣情形”。如：It'snotgoodforyoutosmokesomuch.（特指）Smokingisabadhabit,whichyoushouldgetridof.（泛指）2、動詞不定式、動詞-ing（動名詞、此刻分詞）與過去分詞作表語時的比較：（1）動詞不定式、動詞-ing（動名詞）作表語時，前者

2、表示某一具體動作，專門是將來的動作，而后者表示比較抽象的一樣行為。如：Ourjobtodayistosweepthefloor.Theantqueen'jobislayingeggs.（2）此刻分詞、過去分詞作表語，表示主語的性質(zhì)、特點和狀態(tài)。如：ThenewsIheardjustnowisveryastonishing.Thecarisbrokenandwehavetohaveitrepaired.3、動詞不定式、動詞-ing（動名詞、此刻分詞）與過去分詞作定語時的比較：（1）動詞不定式、動詞-ing（動名詞）作定語時，前者放在被修飾名詞的后面，后者那么放在被修飾名詞的前面，說明其所

3、修飾名詞的用途。A.Shewasthefirstwomantoclimbthehighestmountainintheworld.（修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級或no,allany等限定的中心詞。）B.ShehasnoabilitytoreadandwriteChinese.（抽象名詞常見的有：ability,chance,idea,fact,excuse,borrowedsomebooksintendedforchildrentoreadduringmyholiday.（表以后）D.asittingroom=aroomforsitting（2）此刻分詞和過去分詞作定語，單個的常放在被修飾名詞的前面，

4、說明其所修飾的名詞的性質(zhì)或特點；如是短語，常放在被修飾的名詞后面，前者相當(dāng)于一個定語從句，表示“說話時正在進(jìn)行”或“與謂語動詞同時進(jìn)行”或“常常性”的動作；而后者也相當(dāng)于一個定語從句，分詞所表示的動作一樣“先于謂語動詞所表示的動作”或“沒有必然的時刻性的動作”。A. Tomisgoingtoattendtheweddingpartyintwodays.B. Thegirldancinghappilyisafriendofmine.=Thegirlwhoisdancinghappilyisafriendofmine.C. Therearemorepollutedriversandlakesnow

5、thaninthepast.D. Thegunsstolenfromthepolicestationwerefoundinadesertedhouse.=Thegunswhichhadbeenstolenfromthepolicestationwerefoundinadesertedhouse.E. 動詞不定式、動詞-ing（此刻分詞）與過去分詞作狀語的比較：F. ）動詞不定式作狀語，用來修飾動詞或形容詞，一樣作目的、結(jié)果或緣故狀語，多置于句末。A. TheywenttoChinatovisittheirrelativesandfriends.（表示目的）B. Hewokeuptofindev

6、erybodygone.（表示結(jié)果）C. Hewastooexcitednottosayafewwords.（表示程度）D. I'mverysorrytohavetroubledyousomuch.（表示緣故）表本條件）E. Totellyouthetruth,Ihavegotnomoneyaboutme.（2）動詞-ing（此刻分詞）與過去分詞作狀語，用來修飾名詞，一樣作時刻、緣故、妥協(xié)、方式狀語，置于句首；還可作伴隨，置于句末。A.Beingahard-workingstudent,hesucceededinthemathsexam.=Ashewasahard-workingstu

7、dent,hesucceededinB. Workinginthecity,Tomhadawonderfultime.=Whenheworkedinthecity,Tomhadawonderfultime.C. Ilethimin,sayingthatIwashisuncle.D. Markfinishedhishomework,takingalongtimeoverit.5、過去分詞與此刻分詞被動完成式的比較：（1）在句中作定語、表語、賓語補足語時，用過去分詞，而不用此刻分詞完成式。如：Welivedinthehousebuiltin1989.（定語）Thecup,whichIborrowe

8、dfrommyfriend,isbroken.（表語）Ifoundthemanshotdeathbehindthetree.（賓語補足語）（2）在句中作狀語時，一樣情形下可互換。但不強(qiáng)調(diào)時刻前后，只強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的被動時，用過去分詞，不用此刻分詞的被動完成式。如：Caught（Havingbeencaught）intherain,hewasallwet.Havingbeenshowninthelabs,wewenthomehurriedly.（強(qiáng)調(diào)完成）Theboyreturnedhome,followedbyhisparents.（強(qiáng)調(diào)被隨著）單項選擇題1. Thedoorofthesuperma

9、rketremained,thoughit'snearlyteno'clock.Itseemedverystrange.A.lockingB.lockedC.havinglockedD.beinglocked2. Iinsistedthatthethieftobeputintoprison.However,thelawyerdidn'tagree.A.referredB.referringC.havingreferredD.refer3. Tomtoldaliewhensomequestionsbytheteacher.A.askingB.askC.toaskD.ask

10、ed4. Therulesthatpunishthestudentsfortheirbadactionsandhabitsgetthestudents.A.toworryB.worryingC.worriedD.worry5. bythebeautifulsceneryofThreeGorges,theseAustraliansdecidedtospendanotherweekinYichang.A.TobeattractedB.AttractedC.AttractingD.Beingattracted6. Unless,myfatherwon'tgototheirweddingpar

11、ty,whichisthoughttobeheldtomorrowevening.A.inviteB.invitingC.toinviteD.invited7. Whenhecamebackfromwork,hefoundhishouseinto.Withouthesitating,hecalledthepolice.A.brokeB.brokenC.tobreakD.havingbroken8. byhisfriendsandparents,hehadtogiveupdrinkingandsmoking.A.CriticizingB.HavingCriticizedC.Havingbeenc

12、riticizedD.Beingcriticized9. TheteacherdevotedhimselftotheParty'seducation,makinghimselfagoodexampleforus.A.retiringB.toretireC.retiredD.beingretired10. Theyturnedroundandstoodinthemiddleoftheroom,completely.A.astonishedB.astonishingC.toastonishD.havingastonished11. Therewasagunandathinpieceofro

13、pewiththeendinacircle.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tiedD.tying12. Thecolleaguesdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseethenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.tocarryoutD.carriedout13. Theresearch,referredtobytheprofessor,issodesignedthatoncenothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.begunB.havingbegunC.beginsD.tobegin14.

14、 Thereseemedtobenothingtodobutforthedoctor.A.left,tosendB.leaving,sendC.leave,sendD.left,send15. Youbrotherseemseverything.Therefore,you'dbetterlethimallthetruth.A.tobetold,knowingB.totell,toknowC.tohavebeentold,knowD.tobetelling,known16. Charlieissaidabroadlastyear,hiswifealoneathome.A.tohavest

15、udied,leaveB.tostudy,leavingC.tohavestudied,leavingD.tostudy,leave17. Mary,ofthespeech,begantotalktoherclassmatenexttoher.A.tiring,boredB.tired,boredC.tiring,boringD.tired,boring18. Mark,agoodfriendofmine,hadtoshouthimselfabovethesoundofthemusic.A.making,hearB.tomake,hearC.making,heardD.tomake,heard

16、19. Iheardthedoorbellringwhilealettertomyparentsintheroom.A.towriteB.writingC.writtenD.havingwrittensentKateane-mail,togetfurtherinformationabouthowtolearnEnglishwell.A.hopedB.hopingC.hopeD.tohopearesult,thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto.Thethiefwasnowputintoprison.A.thethiefbeingcaughtB.thethiefhaving

17、caughtC.thethieftobecaughtD.catchthethiefreallycouldn'tunderstandthemlikethat.Theywereverydisappointed!A.metreatB.metreatingC.metotreatD.metreatedusuallygotoBeijingbytrain;butI'IIbyairforachange.A.trygoingB.trytogoC.havetriedgoingD.havetriedtogofetchwaterbeforebreakfastseemedtomearule.A.tone

18、verbreakB.nevertobebrokenC.nevertohavebrokenD.nevertobebreaking25. Thelostchilddesirednothingbuthome.A.goB.togoC.tohavegoneD.went26. Thereisnothingbutdownandwaitforhimback.A.tobedone,tosit,comingB.todo,sit,comeC.todo,tosit,tocomeD.todo,sittocome27. -Marywantedtouseyourbikeyesterday.-ButIaskedher.A.nottoB.nottouseC.donotuseC.notuseit.s impossible to