人教版初三英語(yǔ)上unit15知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解及練習(xí)

1、 Unit 1 【語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)】1. by 的用法: I study by working with a group.“通過(guò)方式”如：by studying with a group“在旁邊/附近”如：  The teacher stands by the window.  / I live by the river.  “在以前”、“截止為止“如： I have to go back by ten oclock. “乘交通工具” 如：The student went to park by bus. “被” 如：some articles written by

2、 Lu Xun. 2. practice的用法: Do you ever practice conversations with your friends? un. “實(shí)踐，練習(xí)，鍛煉”： Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 v. “練習(xí)”= practise 英： +n. We often practice English in groups. +pron. We should practice them in pairs. +v.-ing We should practice English more.3. ask的用法：ask sb. about sth.問(wèn)某人某

3、事 He asked me about the best way to learn English yesterday.ask sb. to do sth.要求/讓/請(qǐng)某人做某事：He asked his mother to buy him a new bicycle.ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物 My mother asked me for help yesterday.4. a lot, a lot of, lots ofa lot 許多，大量 如： I ate a lot last night. 非常 如： I love the movie a lot.a lot of

4、相當(dāng)于lots of 修飾n. 用于肯定句中， 否定句中常用many或much 5. 征求意見(jiàn)句型 What/ how about +doing sth.?  如：What/ How about going shopping?    Why dont you + do sth.?=Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why dont you go shopping? /Why not go shopping?     Lets + do sth.       

5、;    如： Lets go shopping   Will/ Would/Could you please do? 如：Could you please pass that book to me?   Shall we/ I + do sth.?     如：Shall we/ I go shopping? Would you mind doing? 如： Would you mind turning the radio down?6. find的用法：Sometimes

6、, he finds watching movies frustrating because the people speak too quickly. find + n./pron.find + 賓語(yǔ)+ 賓補(bǔ)（形容詞/ 介詞短語(yǔ)/ 分詞）可轉(zhuǎn)換為find+ thatfind + it + adj. + to do其中 it 做形式主語(yǔ)I find him friendly. We found him in bed. We found her honest.He found the window closed. I found him working in the garden. it 還可作

7、形式主語(yǔ)： It is + adj. + to do7. We get excited about something and end up speaking in Chinese . get+ 賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)（形容詞/ 過(guò)去分詞/ 現(xiàn)在分詞） 使某種情況發(fā)生把鞋擦干凈 Get the shoes clean. 我想去修自行車 I want to get my bike repaired. 你不能讓他老等著 You cant get him waiting. get 可作系動(dòng)詞 Be（am /is /are /was /were）系動(dòng)詞 表保持（stay /keep）表改變（get /become

8、 /turn） +adj. 感官動(dòng)詞（起來(lái)）:feel /look /sound /smell /tasteend 的用法： at the end of “在的末尾、末端” At the end of the concert at the end of the roadn. in the end “最后”，“終于” (at last, finally ) In the end I decided to stay here. by the end of “到結(jié)束時(shí)/時(shí)為止 By the end of this summer holiday, I had finished my homework.

9、v. end up doing sth. 結(jié)束做某事= finish doing sth. end up with 以 結(jié)束 The party ended up with her singing.8. afraid的用法：I was afraid to speak in class that+從句 恐怕 Im afraid that I cant come here on time.be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事 She was afraid to go out alone at night. of 害怕 I was afraid of snakes when I wa

10、s young.9. deal with 處理：How do we deal with our problems?deal with：側(cè)重于方式，方法，特殊疑問(wèn)句中用how I don't know how he deal with the problem.do with: 側(cè)重對(duì)象，特殊疑問(wèn)句用what I don't know what he did with the problem.10. unless除非，假如不，如果不。引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句  如：You will fail unless you work hard.假如你不努力你會(huì)失敗。 I wont writ

11、e unless he writes first. 除非他先寫要不我不寫11. see sb. / sth. doing看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事 強(qiáng)調(diào)正在發(fā)生see sb. / sth. do看見(jiàn)某人在做某事 如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.  她看見(jiàn)他正在教室里畫畫。12.   “也”also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中間 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too  也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末 【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】1. 動(dòng)詞+ by doing 結(jié)構(gòu)2. 動(dòng)詞不定式及動(dòng)名詞在句中成分

12、3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)( ) 1. Look at the old man. He makes money selling old books. A. in B. for C. at D. by( ) 2. - How do you improve you English? - By . A.read and speak B.to read and to speak C.reading and speaking D.reading and speak( ) 3. Did you find very interesting to play football? A. this B.its C. th

13、at D. it( ) 4. The sports meeting will continue it rains this afternoon. A. but B. since C. as soon as D.unless( ) 5. -Many students don't know how to _ stress. -I think they'd better ask their teachers for help. A. argue with B. deal with C. quarrel with D. come up with( ) 6. _ you work har

14、der, you will not pass the examination. =If you dont work harder, you will not pass the examinationA. Until B .If C. Till D. Unless ( ) 7. He learnt English by _ English songs. A. listen B. listen to C. listening D. listening to( ) 8. If you practice _ English every morning, you will improve it quic

15、kly. A. to read B. reading C. read D. be reading( ) 9. At first they hated each other, but they ended up _ on very well .A. get B. got C. getting D. to get( ) 10. The teacher asked Tom a difficult question in class. A. answer B. answering C. to answer D. answered 【單項(xiàng)選擇】 ( ) 1. Do you enjoy _ on the

16、Internet? A. surfing B. surf C. to surf D. surfed ( ) 2. She said she had some trouble _ her homework. A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished( ) 3. Do you find this book _? A. frustrate B. frustrating C. frustrated D. frustration( ) 4. Did you see them _ basketball at this time yesterday? A

17、. playing B. play C. to play D. are playing( ) 5. Have you decided which coat_? A. choose B. choosing C. chosen D. to choose ( ) 6. I read very slowly. I cant spell some English words, _. A. also B. either C. but D. too【同義句轉(zhuǎn)換】 1. Why don't you learn English by making flashcard? Why English by ma

18、king flashcard? 2. I find sleeping well important. I find sleeping well important. I find important well. 3. During the trip, we met many foreign people. During the trip, we met people foreign countries. 4. I don't know how they deal with the situation. I don't know they with the situation.

19、Unit 2: I used to be afraid of the dark 【語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)】1. I used to be afraid of the dark. （1）used to表示過(guò)去的一種行為和習(xí)慣，它的后面用動(dòng)詞原形，否定句和疑問(wèn)句用助動(dòng)詞did，也可 以用used的本身,是較老的英國(guó)英語(yǔ)的用法。 例如：My sister used to be short. The shop didn't use to (usedn't to) open on Sundays. 這家商店過(guò)去星期日不營(yíng)業(yè)。（2）used to do something是表示“過(guò)去常常做某事”be/ge

20、t used to doing something是表示“習(xí)慣于做某事”。 例如：I used to go to school on foot. 我過(guò)去常常步行去上學(xué)。 You will be used to living there. 你會(huì)習(xí)慣住在那里的。（3）afraid3But now I am more interested in sports. （1）形容詞比較級(jí)：interested是多音節(jié)的形容詞，它的比較級(jí)是用more interested。 例如：It is more difficult than your thought. 它比你想象的要困難多?？娠椥稳菰~的比較級(jí)的詞有mu

21、ch，a little，even，still，a lot，far等修。 例如：He is much younger than I.他比我年輕多了。（2）be interested in 4. I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我開著臥室的燈睡覺(jué)。句中“with+名詞+介詞短語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)表示伴隨狀態(tài)。表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作伴隨另一個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或者進(jìn)行。例如：Dont do your homework with the radio on. 不要開著收音機(jī)做你的作業(yè)。She sat there alone with her eyes filled with tear

22、s他獨(dú)自一人坐在那兒，眼里充滿了淚水。5. These days, I hardly ever have time for concerts. 這些日子，我?guī)缀鯖](méi)有時(shí)間去音樂(lè)會(huì)了。 （1） hardly是表示否定意義“幾乎不”，例如：It was difficult, so you can hardly finish it by yourself. 它很難，你自己不可能獨(dú)自完成。（2） hard6. Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends，在我上中學(xué)以前，

23、我常?；ㄙM(fèi)很多時(shí)間和朋友們一起玩游戲，spend “花費(fèi)” ，spend時(shí)間/金錢on（in doing） 例如：I spent two hundred Yuan on that new bike. 買那輛新自行車花費(fèi)我200元。 He spent all the holiday reading the book. 他花整個(gè)假期都用來(lái)讀這本書。表“花費(fèi)”的單詞還有： 8. It will make you stressed out. 它會(huì)使你壓力很大。make作為使役動(dòng)詞表示“讓、使”，make+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)如果是動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，要用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式。make sb. do sth

24、.例如：Working too much makes me tired. 太多的工作使我疲勞。My father makes me do my homework every day. 我的爸爸迫使我每天做家庭作業(yè)。9. His mother looked after him as well as she could.他的媽媽盡她所能來(lái)照顧他。（1）look after “照看、照顧”=take care of 例如：Our teacher looks after the child very well. 我們的老師照顧這個(gè)孩子很好。（2）as well as “和一樣好”， as.as的中間用

25、形容詞/副詞的原形。 例如：Your ruler is as long as his. 你的尺子和他的一樣長(zhǎng)。 也，不但而且例如：The girl is lively as well as healthy. 這女孩既健康又活潑。My parents as well as my elder sister music.（enjoy）10. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 于梅似乎改變了許多。（1）seem系動(dòng)詞， “似乎好像，仿佛”，主語(yǔ)常用it。 例如：It seems as if (that) it is going to rain. 天好像要下

26、雨。（2）seem的后面還可以用動(dòng)詞不定式、名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞或者to be形容詞作表語(yǔ)。 例如：He seems to laugh at us. 他仿佛在嘲笑我們。11. She also told me even though my father was no longer with us, he was watching me, and would always take pride in everything good I do. 她還告訴我，雖然我的父親不再和我們?cè)谝黄鹆耍€在注視著我，并且將為我做的每一件好事而感到自豪。（1）no more (用在句中)=notany m

27、ore (用在句尾)側(cè)重程度和數(shù)量 no longer (用在句中)=notany longer (用在句尾) 指時(shí)間. 如：He didn't cry any more. 他哭了好幾次，他不再哭了。 I play tennis no more/ longer. =I dont play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打網(wǎng)球。  He couldn't wait any longer.他等了很久，不能再等了。 If you always exaggerate(夸張), people will no longer believe you. You

28、 can drink no more. = You can't drink any more. 你不能再喝了。(喝酒的量到了一定程度，不能再繼續(xù)下去了。) He no longer lives here. = He doesn't live here any longer. 他不在這兒居住了。(一個(gè)時(shí)間以前他住在這兒，過(guò)了這個(gè)時(shí)間，他就離開了。) 【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】反義疑問(wèn)句 1、反意疑問(wèn)句前后兩部分謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)是：“肯定陳述否定疑問(wèn)”或“否定陳述肯定疑問(wèn)”。2、簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句如果是否定式：not應(yīng)及be，do，will等系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞縮寫。3、簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)不用名詞，應(yīng)用人稱代詞。4

29、、陳述部分含“too.to”時(shí)，是否定句。 用法：1) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, seldom, hardly等否定含義的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定含義。如： The old man made no answer, did he? Jim is never late for school, is he?2) 陳述部分有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（1）有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問(wèn)部分常用don't +主語(yǔ)（didn't +主語(yǔ)）。 We have to get there at eight tomorrow

30、, don't we? （2）有used to 時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用didn't +主語(yǔ)或 usedn't +主語(yǔ)。 He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he? （3）有had better（最好） + v. 疑問(wèn)句部分用hadn't you? You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?3) think/believe等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：A.主語(yǔ)是第一人稱： I don't think he is bright,

31、is he? We believe she can do it better, can't she? B. 如果主語(yǔ)不是第一人稱則疑問(wèn)部分及主句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句 He thought they were wrong, didn't he? （不能說(shuō)weren't they?）4) 祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分用will you。 Don't do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / won't you? Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will y

32、ou （或won't you）?注意：Let's 開頭的祈使句，后用shall we（或用shan't we) ? Let's go and listen to the music, shall we（或用shan't we)? 5) 陳述部分是"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問(wèn)部分用there。 There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there? There will not be any trouble, will there?6) 否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問(wèn)

33、句仍用否定形式。 It is impossible, isn't it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? （ ）1. I think your shirt is _ than your sisters. A. big B. more big C. beautiful D. more beautiful（ ）2. I _ be short. But now I am taller. A. didnt used B. used to C. use to D. am used to（ ）3.Dont be late for school

34、next time, _? A. shall we B. do you C. will you D. dont you（ ）4. Our teacher came into the classroom _ a book in his hand.A. with B. in C. up D. on（ ）5.They can hardly do their homework, _? A. do they B. dont theyC. can they D. cant they（ ）6.We often spend two hours _ our homework every day.A. doBdo

35、ingC. did D. to do（ ）7.Great changes _ in China in the past few years. A. took place B. have taken place C. happen D. take place（ ）8.What you said just now made me _ angry. A. feeling B. to feel C. feel D. are（ ）9.I think English is as _ as math.A. important B. more important C. more interesting D.

36、most important（ ）10.Your bike is _ than mine.A. much more beautiful B. much beautiful C. very more beautiful D. beautiful（ ）11.The boy seems _ lying.A. is B. was C. be D. to be（ ）12.Can you help me _ the work?A. finish B. finishing C. doing D. did（ ）13.Is there _ in todays newspaper?A. something new

37、 B. anything new C. new something D. new anything課后練習(xí).單項(xiàng)選擇( )1. Mario is afraid of      alone. A. be    B. being    C. is    D. /( )2. You used to be outgoing,          ? A. do you 

38、;   B. dont you    C. didnt you    D. did you( )3. I havent        him for a long time. A. see    B. saw     C. seen    D. seeing( )4. I used to have short hair, but now I have

39、60;      hair. A. curly    B. long    C. straight    D. brown( )5.- You used to be short,        you ? -Yes , I         . A. didnt, did  

40、60; B. usednt, used    C. didnt, used    D. usednt, did( )6. Playing basketball is very     , so Im more      in it. A. interesting, interesting    B. interested, interesting    C. interesting, i

41、nterested     D. interested, interested( )7. -Who do you often swim      ?       -I swim with my classmates, because I am      the swim team. A. /, on    B. with, on    C

42、. with, in    D. with, of( )8. The glass is broken, Try to       who did it. A. find out     B. look     C. see    D. found( )9. My life has changed       in the last few years. A.

43、 a lot of    B. lots of    C. a lot    D. a lots of( )10. Hes always busy. And he      working late until night. A. gets used to    B. used to    C. got used to    D. is used for( )11.

44、The light in his room was       , but nobody was      . A. in, in    B. on, on    C. in, on    D. on, in( )12. My problem is     Im so busy. A. that    B. what 

45、   C. how    D . /( )13. You can find out the answer to it only in the      way. A. rightly    B. right    C. wrong     D. true( )14. I used to       a lot of time   

46、;    games with my friends. A. take, to play    B. cost, playing    C. spent, on    D. spend, playing( )15. His father makes a living       driving a taxi. A. by    B. with   

47、 C. for     D. through單項(xiàng)填空 BCCBA   CBACA   DABDA Unit 3: Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.【語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)】 1. Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.應(yīng)該允許青少年選擇自己的衣服。 allow 允許allow + n. 允許某事 如：We can't allow such a thing. 我們不允許這樣的事（發(fā)生

48、）allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） 如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 媽媽允許我每晚看電視。 allow doing sth. 允許做某事 如：They don't allow smoking here. be allowed to do sth. 被允許做某事（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） 如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qingdao. 莉莉被允許去青島。2. I dont think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.賓語(yǔ)從句中否定

49、轉(zhuǎn)移： 若賓語(yǔ)從句跟在think, believe等表示“想，認(rèn)為"的動(dòng)詞之后，而主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí)，句子的否定體現(xiàn)在主句上。 常用詞有：suppose(猜想), guess（猜、猜測(cè)）, imagine（想象）, expect（期待）如： I don't think he is right. 我認(rèn)為他不對(duì) I don't think it's a good idea.我認(rèn)為那不是一個(gè)好主意。 3. Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.16歲的青少年應(yīng)該被允許打耳洞。V. +

50、 賓語(yǔ)+ 賓補(bǔ)get/have + 賓語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞 請(qǐng)或讓某人做某事 如：I get my car repaired. = I have my car repaired. 我讓別人修好我的車 I want to have my hair cut. 我要理發(fā). I usually get my hair cut once a month.我通常一個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。 keep sb/ sth. 形容詞使某人/某物保持. 如：We should keep our city clean. 我們應(yīng)該保持我們的城市干凈。Dont keep me waiting for a long time.別讓我等得太

51、久4. They arent serious enough.他們不夠嚴(yán)肅。enough 足夠形容詞enough 如：beautiful enough足夠漂亮She is old enough to go to school.她夠大去讀書了。 enough名詞如：enough food 足夠食物 I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。 enough to do sth.足夠去做如： She is old enough to go to school.她夠大去讀書了。 5. He should stop wearing that silly

52、 earring.他應(yīng)該停止戴那個(gè)愚蠢的耳環(huán)。 stop 停止、阻止stop doing sth. 停止做某事如：Please stop speaking.請(qǐng)停止說(shuō)話。stop to do sth. 停止下來(lái)去做某事 如：Please stop to speak. 請(qǐng)停下來(lái)說(shuō)話。cant stop doing sth. 忍不住做某事 如：I cant stop laughing when I heard it.聽(tīng)到那件事，我忍不住大笑起來(lái)。6. Sb. seems to do sth. = It seems that +從句 看起來(lái)好像 He seems to feel very sad. =

53、 It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起來(lái)好像很傷心。 He doesnt seem to have many friends. =It seems that he doesnt have many friends. =He seems not to have many friends.7. 程度副詞：always總是 usually經(jīng)常 sometimes有時(shí) never從不 如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我總是/經(jīng)常/有時(shí)/從不上學(xué)遲到。9. go doing go shopp

54、ing(去購(gòu)物) go fishing(去釣魚) go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去劃船) go hiking(去登山) go trekking(去徒步)10. care take care 留神，小心=be careful，保重 Take care not to drop it.當(dāng)心別把它掉了。 take care of 照顧，照料=look after 如： I took care of my sister well. care about 關(guān)心，在乎 如：That girl never cares about others. care for 喜歡，照顧，為操心

55、 如：You should care for your sick mother.11. 對(duì) 熱衷， 對(duì)興趣be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她對(duì)跳舞熱衷。 sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她對(duì)他感興趣。12. sleep n./v. 睡覺(jué) I sleep for 7 hours every day. asleep adj. 睡著的，睡熟的 表狀態(tài) 不能在名詞之前 She is asleep in the bed. sleepy adj. 想睡覺(jué)的，困乏的 I'm sleepy,

56、 I want to go to bed. sleeping adj. 睡著的，正在睡覺(jué)的 在名詞之前 This is a sleeping dog.13. agree to + 建議、計(jì)劃、安排等名詞 agree with + 人、表示意見(jiàn)的詞 agree on + 具體協(xié)議的文件、行動(dòng)等名詞agree to do 同意做某事14. have +時(shí)間段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off off 不工作,不上班,不上學(xué),不值班.例: I think Ill take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班. She is off today. 她今天休息. I

57、 have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假. They havent had a day off since last week. 從上周來(lái),他們沒(méi)休息過(guò)一天.【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】 2. 倒裝句由so助動(dòng)詞(be/do/will/have)/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)意為：也是一樣 Neither/Nor + be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)(前為否定) 表示及前面所述事實(shí)一致.She is a student. So am I.她是一個(gè)學(xué)生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I. 她剛才去學(xué)校了，我也是。 She has fini

58、shed the work. So have I. 她已經(jīng)完成了工作，我也完成了。She will go to school. So will he.她將去學(xué)校，他也是。Tom cant swim. Neither can John.8. -We have a lot of rules at my house. 在家里我們有許多規(guī)定。-So do we. 我們也是。（倒裝句）so + be/ 助動(dòng)詞 / 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 主語(yǔ)表示前面所敘述的肯定情況也適合于后者，所敘述的不是同一人或物。 “也是如此”neither（nor）+ be/ 助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 主語(yǔ)表示前面所敘述的否定情況也適合于后者

59、，所敘述的不是同一人或物?！耙膊弧?如：Tom has been to Beijing. So have I. - He speaks English well. - So he does. / - So do you. He cant swim. Neither/ Nor can I. 【單項(xiàng)選擇】(    ) 1.Jim enjoys listening to pop music.          &

60、#160;     . A. So does Helen.              B. Also is Helen       C. Helen likes also       

61、60;     D. So Helen does (    ) 2. Our English teacher is very strict _ us and he is strict _his teaching.      A. with, at           B. with, with         C. at, at       D. with, in (    )