初中二年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)第一課時(shí)課件

1、初中被動(dòng)語態(tài)的奧秘初中被動(dòng)語態(tài)的奧秘中考必考的重點(diǎn)語法 de奧秘.主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)： 英語的動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)，即主動(dòng)語態(tài)英語的動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)，即主動(dòng)語態(tài)(The Active Voice)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)（與被動(dòng)語態(tài)（The Passive Voice)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者;被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。 e.g. 1.They make trains in Zhuzhou . (答案答案） Trains are made in Zhuzhou. （答案答案）2.The farmers grow cotto

2、n every year. （ ）Cotton is grown by the farmers every year. （案案）主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)（The Passive Voice) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成： 主語主語+am/is/are+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 動(dòng)詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則（與動(dòng)詞過去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則一樣）：動(dòng)詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則（與動(dòng)詞過去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則一樣）：1、一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加、一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ed，looked played2、結(jié)尾是、結(jié)尾是e的動(dòng)詞加的動(dòng)詞加-d ， lived used3、

3、末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先、末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫雙寫 這個(gè)輔音字母這個(gè)輔音字母，再加，再加-ed， planned tripped4、結(jié)尾是、結(jié)尾是“輔音字母輔音字母+y”的動(dòng)詞，先變的動(dòng)詞，先變“y”為為“i” ， 再再 加加-ed ， study-studied， carry-carried不規(guī)則的過去分詞要牢記不規(guī)則的過去分詞要牢記寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式，過去分詞：sing-sang-sungbuild-built-built1、speak （ ） 2、use （ ） 3、make （ ） 4、write （ ） 5、grow ( ) 6、plant （

4、） 7、produce （ ） 8、ask （ ） 9、plan （ ） 10、send （ ） 11 、 build （ ） 12、invite （ ） 1、speak spoke spoken 2、use used used3、make made made 4、write wrote written5、grow grew grown 6、plant planted planted7、produce produced produced 8、ask asked asked9、plan planned planned 10、send sent sent11 、 build built built

5、 12、invite invited invited不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞要牢記請(qǐng)寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分請(qǐng)寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分詞：詞：sing-sang-sungbuild-built-builte.g many people speak English.Englishis spokenby manypeople. 主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的步驟主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的步驟：1 1、主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語；、主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語；2 2、主動(dòng)句的謂語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)；、主動(dòng)句的謂語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)；3 3、主動(dòng)句的主語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的賓語，由、主動(dòng)句的主語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的賓語，

6、由byby引出，當(dāng)不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)引出，當(dāng)不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng) 作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，常省略。作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，常省略。把下列的句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的句子：把下列的句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的句子：1、They speak English in Canada .(English.)2、People use wood for making tables. （wood.）3、The make computers in the USA.（Computers）4、They grow rice in South China.（Rice）English is spoken in Canada.Wood is used for making table

7、s.Computer are made in the USA.Rice is grown in South China.1、結(jié)構(gòu)、結(jié)構(gòu) be + 過去分詞過去分詞 (及物的及物的)2、各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：、各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語+am/is/are +過去分詞過去分詞 The Chinese food _ to be the healthiest in the world.A. considers B. is considering C. is considered D. has considered 一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成： was/

8、were+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞e.g 1、The bridge was built last year.2、It was used in the old days.3、The PRC was founded on October1，1949.1、結(jié)構(gòu)、結(jié)構(gòu) be + 過去分詞過去分詞一般過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：was/were +過去分詞過去分詞John _ , for he went swimming yesterday without permission.A. would punished B. had punished C. punished D. was punished

9、 were planted The bridge waswas invitedplay把下列句子變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子；把下列句子變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子；1、They planted these trees on weekends . These trees on weekends.2、The workers built the bridge in 1968 built by the workers in 1968.3、People invited Yao Ming to play basketball in The USA. Yao Ming to basketball in the USA.4、I

10、BM produced this new type of laptop computer. This new type of laptop computer by IBM.was produced一般將來時(shí)：主語一般將來時(shí)：主語+will + be+過去分詞過去分詞The new school _ when the new term begins.A. finishes B. will finish C. will be finished D. would finish1、結(jié)構(gòu)、結(jié)構(gòu) be + being+過去分詞過去分詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：主語現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：主語+am/is/are +being +過

11、過去分詞去分詞 - Have you moved into the new house ?- Not yet .Rooms _.A. are painting B. are painted C.are being painting D. are being painted 含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can/may/must/should）+be+及物動(dòng)詞過去分詞及物動(dòng)詞過去分詞 e.g 1、This bike can be repaired. 2、The tree must be put straight in the hole. 3、The cl

12、assroom should be cleaned every day.把下列主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句：把下列主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句：1、We should plant the trees around the lake 2、We must repair the computer now .3、Students should correct their mistakes .4、We must water the trees well.The trees should be planted around the lake .The computer must be repaired now .Their mist

13、akes should be corrected .The trees must be watered well. 1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)2、一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)、一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)3、一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)、一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)5、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法：被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法：1、當(dāng)不知道誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)；、當(dāng)不知道誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)；2、沒有必要或不想指出誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)；、沒有必要或不想指出誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)；3、只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。、只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。三、單項(xiàng)選擇題：三、單項(xiàng)選

14、擇題：( )1.Woolen clothes are used _keeping us warm. A.of B.by C.for D.in ( )2.Are these fridges made_? A.in China B. in Chinese C.of China D.from Chinese ( )3.-Where are bananas _? - _ grown in South China.A. grow, Its B.grown, Its C.grown, Theyre D.grew, Theyre( )4.The League _ in May , 1922.A. is fo

15、unded B.was founded C. is built D. was built( )5.The strange thing with three legs_.A. used to drink B. are used for drinking C. is used for drinking D. used for drinkingCACBC( )6.TV programmes can_ to the other side of the world.A.send B. be sent C.make D.be made( )7.Older people must_ politely.A.

16、speak to B. be spoken C.be spoken to D. say to( )8.The moon always _ around the earth.A. goes B. travels C. turns D. A,B and C.( )9.Many people _English in the world.A. speak B. speaks C. spoke D. are spoken.( )10.We must _ our homework every day. A. be finished B. finish C. are finished D. finishedBCDAB四、把下列句子變成被動(dòng)句：四、把下列句子變成被動(dòng)句：1.Chinese people built the Great Wall 2,000 years ago. 2. We must plant more trees next year here. 3.Dalian produces big ships. 4.Farmers harvest rice in autumn . 5.We should clean ou