(新高考)2020版高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)第四編考前要點(diǎn)再排查四熟詞生義練習(xí)新人教版

1、四、熟詞生義1. address熟詞：n.地址，住址，網(wǎng)址；電子郵箱地址；演說(shuō)；演講 生義：v.稱呼；發(fā)表演說(shuō)；提出；寫(xiě)地址；處理Mr Howard gave anaddress on economic strategies in Asia.霍華德先生發(fā)表了關(guān)于亞洲經(jīng)濟(jì)戰(zhàn)略的演講 Most people call me Bob. How do I address you?大家叫我鮑勃，我怎么稱呼你?Please address all enquiries to this office.一切查詢請(qǐng)向本辦公室提出。There is a letteraddressed to you.有封寫(xiě)給你收的信

2、。 The next meeting willaddress the problem of truancy.下次會(huì)議將著手解決學(xué)生的逃課問(wèn)題。He addressed me in low tunes.他低聲與我交談。2. admit熟詞：vt. 承認(rèn)生義：vt.準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入；接容納；容許This ticketadmits two people to the football match.這張票可供兩人入場(chǎng)看足球賽。 He was delighted tobe admitted to Beijing University.他很高興被北京大學(xué)錄取。 The cinema admits about 2,

3、000 people.這座電影院大約可容納2,000人。The rules and regulations admit of no other explanation.這些規(guī)章制度不容許有其他解釋。3. against 熟詞：prep.反對(duì)；逆著；倚靠著生義：prep.襯托，以為背景；防備The white building looks beautifulagainst the blue sky.在藍(lán)天襯托下,這棟白樓很漂亮。She was forced to go there against her will.她被迫不情愿地去那里。Put the ladderagainst the wall

4、.against the flu.把梯子靠著墻放置。 We are all taking medicine我們都在服藥預(yù)防流感。一Let's have a further talk.I am in a raceSorry, I don't have time to talk. My report is due on Friday and against time.“我們深談一下吧?！薄皩?duì)不起，我沒(méi)時(shí)間談。我的報(bào)告周五到期，我在趕時(shí)間呢?！?. air熟詞：n.空氣，天空生義：v.發(fā)表（意見(jiàn)等）；使通風(fēng)，使通氣 At the meeting, everyone had a cha

5、nce toair their views.會(huì)上，每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。She aired the room by opening the window.她打開(kāi)窗子使房間通風(fēng)。5. allow 熟詞：vt.允許，準(zhǔn)許生義：vi.容許（of）;體諒，顧及（for ） vt.預(yù)留，預(yù)計(jì)They allowed him £ 1,000 for expenses.他們紇他每年1,000英鎊的開(kāi)銷(xiāo)。The situations allow of no excuse.形勢(shì)不容許拖延。We must allow for his youth.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)體諒他年輕。We should allow 15

6、 minutes for delay.我們應(yīng)該迎 15分鐘以防耽擱。6. attend 熟詞：vt. 出席，參加生義：vi.伺候，照應(yīng)；處理，料理 （與to連用）A nurse attended to his needs constantly.有一位護(hù)士經(jīng)常照料他的需要。You should know how to attend to the problem.你應(yīng)該知道如何處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題。7. build 熟詞：vt.建造， 建筑生義：n.體格；體型 We're of the same build.我們體型相同。 He is a man of strong build.他是個(gè)體格健壯的人

7、。8. charge熟詞：n.費(fèi)用 vt.收費(fèi)，索價(jià)；指控生義：vt.猛沖，攻擊；充電；裝（?t） Suddenly the wild animal charged at us.突然那頭野獸朝我們沖過(guò)來(lái)。 I have to charge my mobile phone every day.我每天得給手機(jī)充電。 He immediately charged a gun with powder.他立刻用火藥填滿炮。9. coin熟詞：n.硬幣生義：vt.造幣，鑄幣；杜撰（新單詞或短語(yǔ)） The government has decided to coin more one-yuan pieces

8、.政府決定再鑄造一些一元的硬幣。Do not coin terms that are intelligible to nobody.不要生造誰(shuí)也不懂的詞語(yǔ)。10. collect 熟詞：vt. 收集生義：vt. U（租，稅，賬等）；募（捐）；領(lǐng)?。ㄐ偶龋皇规?zhèn)靜，集中（思想等）；領(lǐng)取, 接走His work is to collect the electricity fee every month.他的工作是每月收取電費(fèi)。Today it is his turn tocollect the children from school.今天該輪到他把孩子們從學(xué)校接回去。Before you be

9、gin to make a speech, you should collect your thoughts and ideas.在你開(kāi)始講話之前，你應(yīng)當(dāng)集中你的思想和意念。11. count熟詞：vt. 數(shù)數(shù)，計(jì)算生義：v.依靠，依賴（on）;認(rèn)為，看作；有價(jià)值，重要You can count on my help.你可以依賴我的幫助。We count it an honor to help those in need.我們把幫助那些需要幫助的人看作是榮耀的事。 Every second counts.每一秒鐘都很重要。12. cover熟詞：vt. 覆蓋 n.封面；被子生義：vt.占地面積

10、；走完（一段路程）；報(bào)道；夠付（費(fèi)用）The town covers 5 square miles.小鎮(zhèn)占地5平方英里。 I want tocover 100 miles by dark.我想在天黑之前走完100英里。 He was sent tocover a fire for a newspaper.他被派去為報(bào)紙采訪失火的新聞。These expenses arecovered by the state.這些費(fèi)用都由國(guó)家負(fù)擔(dān)。13. drive 熟詞：vt. 開(kāi)車(chē)生義：vt.吹，卷；驅(qū)趕 n.車(chē)程；活動(dòng)；強(qiáng)烈愿望It's a 2-hourdrive from Birmingham

11、.從伯明翰開(kāi)車(chē)要兩個(gè)小時(shí)。He still has plenty of drive and ambition.他仍然充滿干勁、雄心勃勃。 The noise outside almostdrove him mad.外面的噪音幾乎使他發(fā)瘋。Food_drive helps hungry people.通過(guò)“食物募捐活動(dòng)”幫助窮人。14. employ 熟詞：vt. 雇用生義：vt.使用，采用Why didn't youemploy the new method?你們?yōu)槭裁床徊捎媚莻€(gè)新方法呢?She employs her time wisely.她善于利用時(shí)間。15. equal熟詞：a

12、dj.平等的，相等的 v.等于生義：adj.勝任的 vt.比得上John is quiteequal to the job of running the office.約翰完全能夠勝任主理這個(gè)辦事處的工作。 None of us can equal her.沒(méi)人比得上她。16. exercise 熟詞：vt.練習(xí) n.鍛煉生義：vt.運(yùn)用（權(quán)力），發(fā)揮She is good atexercising her intelligence to solve the problems.她善于運(yùn)用智慧解決問(wèn)題。It exercised a strong influence towards goodwil

13、l between the two great English speaking peoples.這件事對(duì)兩個(gè)講英語(yǔ)的偉大民族之間的友好親善發(fā)揮了巨大作用。17. figure 熟詞：n.數(shù)字；人像；畫(huà)像；圖；圖表生義：n.人物 v.領(lǐng)會(huì)，懂得；推測(cè)，判斷，估計(jì) They are all the great figures of history.他們都是歷史上的偉大人物。We must figure out how to solve the problem.我們必須想出解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的辦法。I figure he'll be back soon.我估計(jì)他很快會(huì)回來(lái)。18. gift 熟詞

14、：n.禮物生義：n.天賦 vt.白送 He has a gift for music.他有首樂(lè)天賦。They gifted their opponents a goal.他們白送給對(duì)方一分。19. hit 熟詞：vt.打生義：vt.襲擊；使受?chē)?yán)重影響；使想起；達(dá)到 n.轟動(dòng) Last week a violent typhoon hit the coastal areas.上周一場(chǎng)猛烈的臺(tái)風(fēng)襲擊了沿海地區(qū)。 The plan to charge motorists £ 75 a year to use the motorway is going to hit me hard.每年向開(kāi)

15、車(chē)跑高速的人征收75英鎊的方案將對(duì)我造成嚴(yán)重的影響。 Then the answer hit me.然后我突然就想到了答案。Oil prices hit record levels yesterday.昨天石油價(jià)格達(dá)到了新高。The story hit the front pages of newspapers across America.這則報(bào)道在美國(guó)成了頭條新聞。20. hold熟詞：vt.拿著，握著；召開(kāi)，舉行生義：vt.使身體保持某種姿勢(shì)；抑制，控制；容納；擁有，持有（金錢(qián)、土地、職位等）;保持，繼續(xù)；認(rèn)為 Hold yourself still.身體不要?jiǎng)?。They all hel

16、d their breath to expect the final results.他們都屏住氣等待最后的結(jié)果。The room can hold twenty people.這屋子可容下20個(gè)人。 She held an important position at the bank.她在這家銀行里擔(dān)任一個(gè)重要的職務(wù)。 My husband and I hold conflicting opinions on this matter.對(duì)于這件事，我和丈夫持世R的觀點(diǎn)。 Do you think the good weather can hold?你認(rèn)為好天氣能持續(xù)下去嗎?We hold th

17、at no country should interfere in the internal affairs of other countries.我們認(rèn)為一國(guó)不應(yīng)干涉他國(guó)的內(nèi)政。21. land熟詞：n.陸地，土地 v.（使）登陸生義：vt. Jt（魚(yú)），抓住或釣上（魚(yú)）；獲得，取得CD Finally the fisherman anded a big catfish.最后漁夫釣上一條大埼魚(yú)。 Two weeks later, he landed a well-paid job.兩周后，他找到一份收入很高的工作。He was glad to land a contract with a J

18、apanese firm.他很高興攬到一份與一家日本公司的合同。22. last 熟詞：adj. 最后的生義：vt.持續(xù)，延續(xù)；使得以維持 adj.最不可能的The festival lasted two days.節(jié)日持續(xù)了兩天。The food will last us another week.食品夠我們?cè)俪砸恍瞧?。He is the last man for the job.對(duì)這項(xiàng)工作來(lái)說(shuō)他是最不合適的人。23. lead熟詞：vt. 領(lǐng)導(dǎo) n.鉛生義：vt.通向（to）;導(dǎo)致（to）;（在比賽中）領(lǐng)先；過(guò)（生活）n.榜樣，帶頭作用The path leads to the villa

19、ge.這條小路通到那村莊。The evidence they got led to the thief being caught.leading.他們搜集到的證據(jù)使也賊被抓。After the first half of the race I was跑了一半賽程后我領(lǐng)先了。He led a happy life.他的日子過(guò)得很幸福。We should take thelead in everything.我們應(yīng)該處處領(lǐng)先。24. leave熟詞：vt.離開(kāi)；留下；忘了帶，丟下生義：vt.使處于某種狀態(tài)；聽(tīng)任 n.假期（不可數(shù)） I always leave the raincoat hangi

20、ng behind the door.我總是讓西衣掛在門(mén)后。 He intended toleave others in the dark, but the secret was out.他打算不讓別人知道，但是秘密泄露了。 Leave it as it is.讓它保持原樣。 He asked for two days' leave.他請(qǐng)了兩天假士25. major熟詞：adj. 大的，主要的生義：n.大學(xué)主修科目 vt.主修，專(zhuān)攻（in）He didn't like hismajor,so he exchanged it one year later.他不喜歡自己的專(zhuān)業(yè)，所以

21、一年后換了專(zhuān)業(yè)。He majored in physics at college.大學(xué)時(shí)他主修物理。26. monitor 熟詞：n.班長(zhǎng)生義：n.監(jiān)聽(tīng)器，監(jiān)控器 vt.監(jiān)控；檢查 The patient was connected to the monitor.病人身上連著監(jiān)護(hù)器。（2）Officials had not been allowed tomonitor the voting.官員們沒(méi)有獲得允許監(jiān)督投票。27. owe熟詞：vt.欠，欠債生義：vt.感恩，感激；（常與to連用）歸功于 I owe you for your help.我感謝你的幫助。The young writer

22、owed his success to his teacher's encouragement.年輕作家把自己的成功歸因于他老師的鼓勵(lì)。28. passage熟詞：n.章節(jié)，段落生義：n.通行，通過(guò)；（狹窄的）通道，走廊；（時(shí)間的）流逝；船程 The wooden bridge is not strong enough to allow the這座木橋不夠堅(jiān)固，載重貨車(chē)不能通行 He didn't enter the room. Instead, he waited in the他沒(méi)有進(jìn)入房間，而是在走廊等候,抽著煙。 Her confidence grew with the

23、passage of time.她的信心與日俱增。 He couldn't afford the fare, and so he had to earn his on the ship.他交不起船費(fèi)，只得靠在船上做些零活來(lái)掙取路費(fèi)。29. perform 熟詞：vt. 表演生義：vt.履行，執(zhí)行，完成；表現(xiàn)passage of lorries.passage,smoking.passage by doing jobsAbout 200 heart operationsa year are performed at the hospital.這家醫(yī)院每年進(jìn)行大約200臺(tái)心臟手術(shù)。We a

24、re looking for people who haveperformed outstanding acts of bravery.我們?cè)趯ふ夷切┯羞^(guò)杰出英勇事跡的人。A complex engine has many separate components, eachperforming a differentfunction.一臺(tái)復(fù)雜的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)由很多獨(dú)立的部件組成，每個(gè)部件都發(fā)揮著不同的作用。 The tables give a picture of how schools areperforming.這些表格顯示出各個(gè)學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)情況。 How well does this car pe

25、rform in snow and ice?這輛汽車(chē)在冰雪天氣駕駛性能如何? Although she had never been interviewed on TV before, sheperformed well.雖然以前沒(méi)有接受過(guò)電視訪問(wèn)，她表現(xiàn)得非常出色。30. picture 熟詞：n.畫(huà)，圖畫(huà)；照片生義：vt.想象；（生動(dòng)地）描繪、描述She pictured herself at school in a foreign country.她想象自己在國(guó)外上學(xué)。It is hard to picture life 200 years ago.很難想象200年前人們的生活。 In

26、his work, he pictured their suffering during the war.在他的作品中，他生動(dòng)描述了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的苦難。31. promise熟詞：vt.允諾，答應(yīng) n.保證，承諾生義：vt.預(yù)示，預(yù)兆 n.跡象，征兆 Early mist promises fair weather.晨霧預(yù)示好天氣。 He seems to be a young player of greatpromise.他似乎是一個(gè)很有前途的年輕球員。The letter gave a promise of greater happiness.那封信預(yù)示了更大的幸福。32. raise 熟詞：v

27、t.提高，提升生義：vt.（錢(qián)等的）籌募，籌集；提出；飼養(yǎng)，種植，養(yǎng)育；引起They are going to raise money for a primary school in a remote poor area.他們打算為貧困邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的一所小學(xué)募集魚(yú)金Finally we answered the question that wasraised at the meeting.最后我們回答了會(huì)上提出的問(wèn)題。After discussing, they decided toraise corn and soybeans.討論之后，他們決定種植玉米和大豆。Raising children

28、is not an easy task, especially in big cities.撫養(yǎng)孩子不是一件容易的事,尤其是在大城市。His remarks raised a laugh.她的評(píng)論引起一陣大笑。33. reach熟詞：vt.到達(dá)生義：vt.伸出（手）；聯(lián)系；達(dá)成（結(jié)論、協(xié)議）；（大或長(zhǎng)等）足夠達(dá)到n.河段；（手/能力可及之）距離、范圍 He reached into his pocket and pulled out a Chinese knot.他把手伸進(jìn)口袋,拿出一個(gè)中國(guó)結(jié)。 I've been trying all day toreach him on the t

29、elephone.我整天都在打電話找他。 The book in the shelf was out ofreach.我夠不著書(shū)架上的書(shū)。No agreement hasn't been reached, so we have to hold another meeting.沒(méi)有達(dá)成任何協(xié)議,所以我們還要再開(kāi)會(huì)。The garden reaches down to the lake.花園一直延伸到湖邊。They are ready to go to the upperreaches of a river.他們準(zhǔn)備去河流的上游。34. read熟詞：vt.讀，朗讀，閱讀生義：vt.看懂，

30、理解；顯示，上面寫(xiě)道 It's hard toread the expression on his face.難以理解他臉上的表情。 I can'tread your short-hand no tes.我看不H儕的速記符號(hào)。 The thermometer reads 80 degrees Fahrenheit.溫度計(jì)顯示華氏80度。I found the note,reading, "Happy Birthday !”我找到了那張便條，上面寫(xiě)道，“生日快樂(lè)! ”35. regard 熟詞：vt.把看作生義：vt.認(rèn)為，看作；注視 n. pl.問(wèn)候，致意Please

31、 give my regards to your mother.請(qǐng)代我向你媽媽表達(dá)問(wèn)候。She st ood back and regarded him coldly.她退后站著，冷冷地看著他。36. respect 熟詞：vt.& n. 尊敬；尊重生義：n. pl.敬意，問(wèn)候；方面；重視，關(guān)心Please give my respects to your friends.請(qǐng)代我向你的朋友表示敬意。 I think you are wrong in everyrespect.我覺(jué)得你各方面都錯(cuò)了。We must pay respect to the needs of the gener

32、al readers.我們必須關(guān)心一般讀者的需要。37. save熟詞：vt.挽救；節(jié)省生義：vt.免除，避免；保存，保留；收集 The article he sent to me saved me much trouble.他發(fā)給我的這篇文章免去我很多麻煩。Save your breath. It's no use arguing with him.別白費(fèi)勁兒了。與他爭(zhēng)論沒(méi)有用。 She saves in every way she can.她在各方面盡量節(jié)隹38. sense熟詞：n.感覺(jué)官能；意識(shí)生義：n.意義 vt.感覺(jué)，覺(jué)察，意識(shí)到 You are rightin_a_sen

33、se,but you do not know all the facts.在某種意義上你是對(duì)的,但是你并不知道實(shí)情。 What he said doesn't make sense, so I can't makesense of his remarks.他所說(shuō)的話意思不清，所以我不明白他的評(píng)論。（make sense "有意義，意思清楚，有 道理"；make sense of"理解，明白”） He sensed that his proposals were unwelcome.他覺(jué)得他的建議不受歡迎。There is a lot ofsense

34、 in what he says.他的話頗有道理。 After finishing the task, we had asense of achievement.完成這項(xiàng)工作后，我們有一種成就感。39. spring 熟詞：n.春天生義：n.泉水，噴泉；彈簧 vi.跳躍，跳起Everyone sprang to their feet when the principal walked in.校長(zhǎng)進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，所有的人都立刻站了起來(lái)。 Natural mountainspring water is best for tea.泡茶用的水，以天然的山泉水為上。40. stand 熟詞：v.站立； 坐落；忍

35、受生義：vt.承受；請(qǐng)客；使直立 n.立場(chǎng)，主張；架，臺(tái)，攤She was kind enough to stand us a meal.她真好，謂我們吃了飯。 The buildingstands over 200 feet high.這棟樓200英尺怎 They took a firmstand on protecting the river nearby.對(duì)保護(hù)附近的河流他們采取堅(jiān)定立場(chǎng)。When I caught sight of Jim, he was standing by afruit stand.我看到Jim時(shí)，他正站在水果攤旁邊。 He kicked the ball int

36、o thestands.他把球踢到了看臺(tái)上。41. state 熟詞：vt. 陳述 n.狀態(tài)生義：vt.聲明；規(guī)定 n.國(guó)家，州Please state your name, age and occupation on the form.stated date.請(qǐng)?jiān)诒砩咸顚?xiě)你的姓名、年齡和職業(yè)。 These tickets can only be used on the這些票只能在指定日期使用。 Everything was in a state of disorder.一切都處于紊亂狀態(tài)。 In China, the railways are owned by the state.在中國(guó)，鐵

37、路是國(guó)有的。42. strike 熟詞：vt.打，打擊；打動(dòng) n.罷工生義：vt.突然想到；（疾病、地震、洪水等）侵襲，襲擊；（鐘）敲響，報(bào)（時(shí)）；擦，戈iJ（火柴） An idea suddenly struck me.我心中忽然產(chǎn)生一個(gè)念頭。The earthquake struck the city at night.地震在夜間襲擊了這個(gè)城市。 The clock struck nine.鐘破了九下。Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打轉(zhuǎn)。Strike a match, and then you can get fire.劃燃火柴,你可以得到火。43. suc

38、ceed 熟詞：v.成功生義：vt.繼之后；接替，繼承 Day succeeds day.日日。 David Rowland is almost certain tosucceed him as chairman.戴維羅蘭接替他任主席幾乎已成定局。 The dry weather was succeeded by a month of rain.干旱天氣之后下了一個(gè)月雨。44. term 熟詞：n.學(xué)期生義：n.期間，期限；專(zhuān)業(yè)名詞，術(shù)語(yǔ)； pl.合同條款、細(xì)則 vt.稱為，把叫作 He was made captain of the football team for aterm of on

39、e year.terms.他被推選為足球隊(duì)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)，任期一年。 When you write an article to students, don't use too many technical你寫(xiě)文章給學(xué)生閱讀時(shí)，不要用太多的術(shù)語(yǔ) If you agree to myterms free meals and good wages - I will work for you.如果你同意我的條件免費(fèi)用餐并給予高薪，我就為你工作。 His life may be termed happy.他的生活可稱之為幸福。45. treat 熟詞：vt. 對(duì)待；看待生義：vt.治療，處置；使用；宴請(qǐng)，招待，款待 n.款待 He has