游客在濕地旅游行為研究以中國(guó)杭州西溪濕地公園為例外文翻譯(可編輯)

1、游客在濕地旅游行為研究以中國(guó)杭州西溪濕地公園為例外文翻譯外文翻譯原文Tourist Behaviors in Wetland Park: A Preliminary Study in Xixi National Wetland Park, Hangzhou, ChinaMaterial Source: China education innovation heraldAuthor:WU MingAbstract:Public education as well as tourism and leisure are the two important functions of national

2、wetland park, and tourist behaviors act as the guiding factor in the national wetland park construction and management. As the first national wetland park in China, Xixi National Wetland Park, located in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, will give constructive instructions to the construction and ma

3、nagement of other wetland parks and ecotourism resorts. This paper analyzed the tourist behaviors in Xixi National Wetland Park. By the observation, in-depth interview and questionnaire, the results show that tourists in wetland parks are different from those in the other commondestinations, and the

4、y are also different from those strict eco-tourists. In fact, the tourists in wetland park have unique characteristics, such as the intense perception to the functions of wetland ecosystem and the environmentimpact behaviors. Those tourists are preferred to natural landscapes intheir motivations and

5、 expectations. Wetland landscapes are the main image to those tourists in the Xixi National Wetland Park. Tourist expectation, experience and satisfaction are all critical factors for the success ofthe planning and management in national wetland parks. Based on the results, somemeasures for the sust

6、ainable development of wetland parks, including to optimize wetland theme landscape and tourism products, to improve tourist facilities and services, to enhance quality of visitor experiences, and to implement total quality management based on tourist characteristics, are given to national wetland p

7、ark ecotourism.Keywords: tourist behavior; ecotourism; Xixi National Wetland Park; China1 IntroductionAs a unique ecosystem, wetland has environmental, economic and social service functions. In the ecosystem service function of wetland, tourism and scientific education are very important, and they c

8、an be easily perceived by the public, too. Wetland ecotourism and education tourism are both the new effective wetlands resources exploitation. Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, was formally established as the first national wetland park on February 2, 2005 by State For

9、estry Administrationof China, and officially opened to the public onMay 1 in the sameyear. And now there are about 20 national wetland parks in China. The establishment of national wetland park is a new attempt in the wetland protection and utilization, and how to develop ecotourism becomes a key is

10、sue for the national wetland park Many researchers have interest in eco-tourists, and the behavioral approach has been the optimal method to research ecotourism and nature destination Kerstetter et al., 2004. Tourist behavior analysis is the most important content to carryout sustainable tourism Obu

11、a and Harding, 1996. In ecotourism resorts, such as national park, tourists prefer to observe wild animals and hike Glen and Philip, 1998. They expect that they can have chances to watch animals closely Derrin et al., 1997. One of the primary challenges facing ecotourism management is to establish a

12、 profitable and ecologically sustainable industry, while simultaneously achieving a satisfying experience for visitor and raising standards of living in the host community Lim and Mcaleer, 2005. The managers should enhance tourist experiences about nature Glen and Philip, 1998. The explanation servi

13、ces are important and can decrease tourism negative environment impact Hwang et al., 2005. By environment education tourists can change their behaviors and take part in directly maintaining and protecting nature Lim and McAleer, 2005. Orams 1995 argued that ecotourism management strategies should at

14、tempt to move ecotourism experiences beyond more enjoyment to a more active role which incorporated learning, attitude and behavioral change. The contemporary park management faces a number of challenges including minimization of the impact of increasing park visitation on resources, development of

15、effective public relations and educational programs in parks, implementation of viable park marketing and planning programs and effective park visitor risk management,so understanding the nature of park visitors is important for dealing with those difficulties above Galloway, 2002. The rejuvenation

16、and utilization of wetland are always the topics to researchers, while few literatures are about wetland tourism. In fact, tourism is an important function of wetland, and the recreational use of wetlands is not conflict with their conservation objectives, however decisions concerning the protection

17、 of wetlands should precede recreational planning Bacon, 1987.In recent years, Chinese scholars have paid muchattention to wetland tourism, and the studies were mainly about the development of wetland tourist resources and some issues of typical wetland ecotourism destinations, such as the Dongting

18、Lake wetland Xiong et al., 2003; Wang et al., 2004; Sheng, 2006, Hengshui Lake wetland Feng et al., 2006, Huanghe Yellow River Delta wetlands Li et al., 2004 , Poyang Lake wetland Lu and Liu, 2003, Xianghai wetland Sun and Wang, 2004 and so on. The characteristics of wetlands tourism resources, deve

19、lopment modes, and others were discussed, but those researches mainly concerned macroeconomic issues. There are few in-depth case researches, especially about wetlands tourists. This paper took Xixi National Wetland Park as the typical case to conduct a survey on tourists in wetland parks. Based on

20、the analysis of tourist behavior, somemeasures about the construction and management of national wetland parks were suggested.2 Study Area and MethodXixi National Wetland Park is located in the west of Hangzhou City, 16 km away from the city center, covering 10.08 km2 Fig. 1. Xixi wetland is a typic

21、al artificial urban wetland, cultural wetland and agricultural wetland, where there are pristine natural landscape and profound cultural heritage. More than 70%of the Xixi wetland is ports, ponds and other water areas.In this paper, questionnaires, field observation, indepth interviews and other met

22、hods were used to tourist surveys. Questionnaire content included the demographic characteristics, spatial behaviors, preferences, expectation, experiences and other aspects. Most of items had selective answers, and some problems required tourists to give their own ideas in the questionnaires. The s

23、urvey was made from March to June in 2006. The purposive sampling method was adopted, and the respondents were the visitors who had a complete travel experience. The samples included groups and individuals, and totally 141 questionnaires were returned. Furthermore, field observation, track survey an

24、d random interview were all used in this paper in order to record the words and behaviors of tourists and assist the questionnaires. In order to ensure validity, one pretest was conducted before the formal questionnaires3 Tourist Behaviors in Xixi National WetlandParkThe surveys in this paper show t

25、hat tourist behaviors in Xixi National Wetland Park are different from other common tourism destinations.3.1 Demographic characteristicsThe demographic characteristics of tourists in this study included basic information such as original place, age, occupation, family structure, monthly income, and

26、education degree Table 1. From the findings of the survey, many tourists of Xixi National Wetland Park were from the nearby area, of which the tourists from Zhejiang Province accounted for 72.00%. The main tourists were young and middle-aged, and the ones from 19 years old to 40 years old accounted

27、for 77.20%. Students, white-collars, science and education staffswere the main part of tourists, whichaccounted for 74.34% of the totalrespondents. The singlesand thefamilies with children occupied the main part of the respondents. In the survey result, unmarried tourists accounted for 50.47%, and t

28、he married and with children ones accounted for 40.19%. Many tourists had higher education, and 59.82% of the respondents were the undergraduates and above.譯文游客在濕地旅游行為研究以中國(guó)杭州西溪濕地公園為例資料來(lái)源 : 中國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)期刊網(wǎng)作者 : 吳明摘要 : 公眾教育以及旅游與休閑是國(guó)家濕地公園的兩項(xiàng)重要的功能 , 游客行為是國(guó)家濕地公園結(jié)構(gòu)和管理作為充當(dāng)指南的因素。中國(guó)第一的國(guó)家濕地, 西溪濕地坐落于浙江省杭州市。 作為中國(guó)第一的國(guó)家濕地

29、公園將會(huì)給園林道路的施工和管理其他濕地公園提出建設(shè)性的建議。 這篇論文分析游客在西溪國(guó)家濕地公園的行為。通過(guò)對(duì)資料研究, 深度訪問(wèn) , 調(diào)查問(wèn)卷 , 結(jié)果表明游客在濕地公園和其他景區(qū)有不同的地方 , 而且它去其他的經(jīng)濟(jì)型的旅游者也存在一定的差異。 事實(shí)上 ,游客在濕地公園具有獨(dú)特性質(zhì), 例如對(duì)濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的功能那種強(qiáng)烈的認(rèn)知明顯的顯示環(huán)境影響行為。 優(yōu)美的自然環(huán)境是游客旅游動(dòng)機(jī)和期望的主要原因。 西溪濕地的風(fēng)景是那些游客對(duì)西溪濕地主要的印象。游客期望, 體驗(yàn)和滿意是成功的規(guī)劃和管理在國(guó)民濕地公園的關(guān)鍵因素。通過(guò)以優(yōu)化濕地主題景觀, 改善旅游產(chǎn)品設(shè)施和服務(wù), 提高游客體驗(yàn)質(zhì)量 , 全面實(shí)施以游客

30、行為特征為依據(jù)等一系列措施 , 建立可持續(xù)發(fā)展公園。根據(jù)這樣的措施從而被給予國(guó)家濕地公園生態(tài)旅游。關(guān)鍵詞 : 旅游行為 ; 生態(tài)旅游 ; 西溪國(guó)家濕地公園 ; 中國(guó)1 介紹作為一個(gè)獨(dú)特生態(tài)系統(tǒng), 濕地有環(huán)境的 , 經(jīng)濟(jì)的 , 社會(huì)服務(wù)的功能。 在濕地的生態(tài)服務(wù)功能系統(tǒng)中, 對(duì)于旅游, 科學(xué)教育非常重要 , 他們也可以是容易地被公眾感知。濕地生態(tài)旅游, 教育旅游是兩者都能有效的沼澤地資源開發(fā)。西溪國(guó)家濕地公園坐落于浙江省杭州市, 正式建立第一國(guó)家濕地公園在 2005年 2 月 2 日由中國(guó)林業(yè)管理, 在 2005 年 5 月 1 日正式對(duì)外開放。 現(xiàn)在中國(guó)有20 個(gè)濕地性公園。國(guó)家濕地公園的建立

31、是一種新的對(duì)濕地的保護(hù)。 如何開發(fā)國(guó)家濕地公園成為開發(fā)生態(tài)旅游的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。許多研究學(xué)者都對(duì)生態(tài)旅游者的行為方法是研究生態(tài)旅游性目的地都非常有興趣 kerstetter,2004 。游客行為分析對(duì)于貫徹進(jìn)行可持續(xù)旅游非常重要obua, 哈丁 ,1996 。在生態(tài)旅游度假勝地中 , 例如國(guó)家公園 , 游客更多的是喜歡觀察野生動(dòng)物和徒步旅行Glen and Philip, 1998 。他們希望有機(jī)會(huì)能夠近距離的觀察動(dòng)物 Derrin et al., 1997。建立一個(gè)可持續(xù)性有效的生態(tài)環(huán)境同時(shí)還實(shí)現(xiàn)游客滿意體驗(yàn)和提高當(dāng)?shù)厣鐣?huì)生活水平是生態(tài)管理的主要挑戰(zhàn)之一Lim and Mcaleer, 200

32、5 。管理者應(yīng)該更多的提高游客對(duì)自然的體驗(yàn)Glen and Philip, 1998 。講解服務(wù)非常重要能夠減少旅游負(fù)面的環(huán)境影響 Hwang et al., 2005 。通過(guò)環(huán)境教育旅游者可以改變他們的行為讓他們能直接的維持保護(hù)自然Limand McAleer, 2005 。 orams1995 認(rèn)為生態(tài)旅游管理策略將嘗試要求生態(tài)旅游經(jīng)驗(yàn)以外更好的享受學(xué)習(xí) , 態(tài)度 , 行為變化一個(gè)更加活躍角色。 當(dāng)代公園管理面臨許多的挑戰(zhàn)包括盡量減少停車位資源問(wèn)題 , 在公園里有效的發(fā)展公共關(guān)系和教育計(jì)劃 , 實(shí)施可行的公園市場(chǎng)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目 , 有效提高游客管理質(zhì)量, 如此處理這些困難是在與前提要了解游客的自然需求Galloway, 2002 。濕地的可持續(xù)性一直是學(xué)者的主要的研究話題但很少有關(guān)于濕地旅游文化。事實(shí)上, 旅游是濕地的一個(gè)重要功能 , 它的娛樂(lè)性使用與濕