牛津譯林版英語高二上冊(cè)Module 5《Unit 2 The environment》教案

1、Module 5 Unit 2 New words and expressionsPart 1 Words from page 22 to 251. debatedebate既可用作名詞，又可用作動(dòng)詞，意為“辯論，爭辯，爭論”。用作名詞時(shí)有如下用法：After a long debate David was chosen captain of our school football team. The proposal under debate was put forward by our monitor. 用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，過去式和過去分詞分別是debated，debated；現(xiàn)在分詞為debat

2、ing。常構(gòu)成短語debate about sth. with sb. 意為“與某人爭論某事”等。舉例如下：What are they debating about? They were debating whether to go to the mountains or to the seaside for their holidays? Before we make a final decision, we must debate the question with the rest of the members. We debated for more than an hour on t

3、he advantages and disadvantages of that plan to protect our environment. 名詞debater的意思是辯論者2. laylay在本單元是用作動(dòng)詞，意思有“產(chǎn)卵，下蛋，放置，擺放”等。其過去式、過去分詞分別為laid，laid， 現(xiàn)在分詞是laying。lay的主要用法有：How many eggs does the hen lay each week? New laid eggs, one dollar each dozen. She laid her hand on my shoulder. Please lay down

4、 your pens and just listen to me carefully. I carefully laid my new jacket on the bed.Then both sides started laying the blame on each other.Why dont you lay that problem aside for a while and think about it later?He was willing to lay down his life for his country.lay構(gòu)成的詞組(1)Please lay the table fo

5、r dinner. 擺設(shè)餐具(2)The couple laid aside some money for their old age. 儲(chǔ)蓄(3)The president laid great emphasis on would peace. 放重點(diǎn)在上(4)Dont lay all the blame for the accident on me. 歸罪于(5)Some workers were laid off because of a shortage of materials. 暫時(shí)解雇注意lay與lie的區(qū)別。lie 有兩種意思，一是“說謊”，過去式、過去分詞分別為lied，li

6、ed；現(xiàn)在分詞是lying；二是“位于，躺”，過去式、過去分詞分別為lay，lain；現(xiàn)在分詞是lying。(1)Please lay the book where it lay.(2)The little boy lied that he had laid the egg laid by the hen lying under the tree in the box.3. approachapproach既可用作及物動(dòng)詞，又可用作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“接近，靠近”，分別可指距離上、時(shí)間上，或某種狀態(tài)上的接近。如：The little boy approached the mouse quietl

7、y and watched it. As summer approached, the weather became hotter and hotter.His work is approaching perfection. He is rather difficult to approach. Its not easy to get on friendly terms with him. approach也可用作名詞，指“接近，漸近”或“（人）易、難親近”。如：The birds flew away in all directions at my approach. The approach

8、 of the examination made him nervous. My class teacher is easy of approach. 4. beneficialbeneficial是形容詞，意為“有益的，有利的，有幫助的”，是正式用語。常構(gòu)成短語“be beneficial to ”，意為“對(duì)有幫助的”，如：Enough sleep, good food and some exercise are beneficial to the health. I hope this holiday will be beneficial for my husband, who is un

9、der high pressure of work.beneficial的名詞和動(dòng)詞都是benefit。作為名詞時(shí)，意為“利益，幫助，恩惠，益處”，常構(gòu)成短語be of benefit to，意為“對(duì)有裨益”；以及for the benefit of，意為“為了的利用”，用法如下：I got a lot of benefit from traveling around the world. These collected money will be used for the benefit of the people from flood-stricken areas. benefit既可用作

10、及物動(dòng)詞，又可作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“有益于；對(duì)有益，因得到利益”。如：The project for environmental protection will benefit us enormously. I benefited a lot from my teachers advice. 5. productionproduction 作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)出，產(chǎn)量，生產(chǎn)量”。如：The company is famous for the production of mobile phones. Production has been increased by using bette

11、r methods. This type of cars is produced in mass production. production的動(dòng)詞是produce，意為“生產(chǎn)”；形容詞是“productive”，意為“多產(chǎn)的”；另外一個(gè)名詞是可數(shù)名詞product，意為“產(chǎn)品，生產(chǎn)物”，如：What are the chief farm products in your province? 6. responsibilityresponsibility是不可數(shù)名詞，意為“責(zé)任，職責(zé)，負(fù)責(zé)”，如：He dont have a sense of responsibility, so he isn

12、t popular with his classmates. He tried to avoid taking responsibility for the accident. It is the responsibility of every of us to protect our environment. responsible是形容詞，意為“有責(zé)任的，應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任的”，如：Parents are responsible for their childrens safety. Who is responsible for the mess in the classroom? Isnt he

13、too young for such a responsible job? 7. effectiveeffective是形容詞，意為“有效的”，如：The local government has already taken some effective measure to develop the city without damaging the ecosystem.This medicine is highly effective against bird-flu. The new law becomes effective on October 1st. effective的比較級(jí)和最

14、高級(jí)分別為“more effective”和“the most effective”。 其副詞為effectively，意為“有效地”。反義詞是ineffective，意為“無效的”；名詞是effect，意為“功效，作用”，常構(gòu)成詞組have a/an effect on，意為“對(duì)產(chǎn)生的作用”。effect一詞的用法舉例如下：This medicine had a good/a bad/a side/an ill/an instant/a negative effect on that patient. Punishment had very little effect on those fa

15、ctories, which created harmful waste. The plans of protecting the endangered animals will soon be carried into effect. 8. willingwilling是形容詞，意為“樂意的，自愿的”。如：Are you willing that he should be admitted into our club? Are they willing workers for environmental protection? willing的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)分別是more willing和t

16、he most willing，其副詞是willingly，意為“樂意地”，名詞是“willingness”，意為“心甘情愿”，如：He gave up his seat to the old lady willingly. Those volunteers showed great willingness to serve in the 2008 Olympic Games.9. figurefigure可用作名詞，意為“數(shù)字”，如：It is reported that a lot of people in China are infected with AIDS. The figure

17、is really incredible. He has an income of six figures. The price of the house is in seven figures. figure 用作名詞還有其他意思，如“圖形，身材，大人物”等。如：The blackboard was covered with interesting figures. I take exercise every morning to keep my figure. Bill Gates is an outstanding figure in IT. figure也可用作動(dòng)詞，構(gòu)成詞組figur

18、e out，意為“計(jì)算出，理解”，如：I cant figure out why she dropped school. Part 2 Words from page 29 to 351. statestate在本單元用作名詞，意為“狀態(tài)，狀況，情形”。用法如下：Generally speaking, matter has three statessolid, liquid and gas.The patient is in a poor state of health. state用作名詞還可指“國家、（構(gòu)成聯(lián)邦共和國的）州、國家的”。如：How many states are there

19、in the United States of America? The railroads belong to the state in this country. state也可用作動(dòng)詞，意為“陳述、聲明”。如：The visiting Prime Minister stated that several agreements had been reached during the state visit.2. shockedshock是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“使震驚，使震動(dòng)”。The result of the tsunami is very shocking, with dead bodies

20、 here and there. I was shocked at the news of his sudden death. I was shocked to hear the news of his sudden death. shock 也可用作名詞，意為“震驚、沖擊、震動(dòng)”。如：The news of his sudden death was a great shock to us. Three shocks of the earthquakes were felt last night. 拓展同shock一樣，還有一些不可數(shù)名詞，如success，failure，honor，dang

21、er， surprise等；當(dāng)指具體的每個(gè)人或某件事時(shí)，前面可加a或an，如：Liu Xiang is really a great success. My class teacher turned up at my birthday party, which was really a big surprise. 3. disappointeddisappoint是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“使失望”。常以過去分詞disappointed作形容詞，意為“失望的，沮喪的”，構(gòu)成詞組be disappointed at/about/with，意為“對(duì)而感到失望”，及be disappointed to do

22、sth.，意為“做而感到失望”。用法舉例如下：The result of the experiment really disappointed us. Please dont disappoint me. What are you looking so disappointed about? He was disappointed to hear the news that his visa was refused. We were disappointed that our team had lost the game. disappointing 是形容詞，意為“讓人失望的，令人掃興的”，

23、如：How disappointing the weather this summer is! disappointment 是名詞，意為“失望，灰心，掃興”，如：When he heard the bad news, his disappointment was obvious. Much to my disappointment, the picnic was put off because of the bad weather. 4. shameshame在本單元用作名詞，意為“可恥的事或人”時(shí)可用作可數(shù)名詞，“羞恥，羞愧”時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。如：What a shame to take i

24、n the old lady! He was called a shame to his class for his cheating in the exam. To my shame, I made the same mistake again. The boy hung his head in shame. I felt shame at having told a lie. shameful 是形容詞，意為“可恥的”，shamefully是副詞，意為“可恥的”。5. arrivalarrival是名詞，意為“到達(dá)者；到達(dá)物；到達(dá)，到來”。如：Our time of arrival in

25、Sydney is eight oclock. On his arrival home, he kissed both of his kids. We are waiting for the arrival of the news. There are several new arrivals at the hotel. arrive 用作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“到達(dá)，抵達(dá)”。arrive 后面加介詞at，則為到達(dá)較小的場所，如：家、店、鎮(zhèn)等；后面加介詞in，則為到達(dá)較大的地方，如：國家、大都市等；而on則用于島嶼及現(xiàn)場等，如：When shall we arrive at the airport?

26、Ill phone you the time I arrive in New York.The police arrived on the scene in no time.It took them a long time to arrive at a conclusion.At last the day they had been looking forward to arrived.6. limited limited為形容詞，意為“有限的”。如：His knowledge of history is rather limited.The limited edition made the

27、stamp move valuable.You should drive within the limited speed in this area, otherwise youll be fined.limit 作名詞時(shí)，意為“極限，限度，界限”。如：The task is too much for me. I know my limits.Her patience reached its limit.If only the banks would lend money without limit?limit 作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“限制，限定”。常用詞組limit sb./sth. to sth.

28、，意為“把限制在內(nèi)”。如：We must limit the expense to what we can afford.Mother limited us to an ice-cream each.7. decreaseddecrease既可作動(dòng)詞用，又可作名詞用，反義詞為increase。作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“減少，使減退”。如：Thanks to the new traffic law, the number of traffic accident has decreased.The number of milu deer has decreased to 250 in that area.T

29、he conductor decreased the speed of the train because of the traffic accident ahead.decrease 作名詞時(shí)，意為“減少的數(shù)量”。詞組on the decrease相當(dāng)于decreasing，意為“在減少中”。如：There has been a decrease in the number of smokers this year.Is theft on the decrease?8. equipmentequipment 是不可數(shù)名詞，意為“設(shè)備，器材，裝備”。如：Whats the cost of eq

30、uipment?Well visit a factory with modern equipment this afternoon.He spent much time and money on the equipment of his new house.equip 是動(dòng)詞，意為“裝備于，使本身具備”，過去式、過去分詞分別為equipped、equipped，現(xiàn)在分詞為equipping。用法舉例如下：Shall we equip our office with a printer?We found our new school equipped with different kinds o

31、f sports facilities.The more we learn, the more equipped for dealing with all kinds of problems in the modern society we become.9. measuresmeasure 在本單元作可數(shù)名詞用，意為“措施，方法”，通常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。如：The took strong measures against dangerous drivers.The school has taken some measures to prevent cheating.measure 作名詞時(shí)，還

32、有“尺寸，大小，基準(zhǔn)”等。如：I had a coat made to my own measure.I took the measure of my study.Wealth is not always the measure of success.measure 可用作動(dòng)詞，意為“測量（長度，大小，重量等），測定；測的尺寸”。如：The tailor measured me for a suit.The policemen are measuring the speed of cars.鞏固練習(xí)：Key: 1. shocked2. arrival3. disappointed4. stat

33、e5. shame6. decreased7. equipment8. limited9.measuresPart 3 Words on page 38 1. raisedraise 是及物動(dòng)詞，在本單元意為“引發(fā)；提出”。如：His long absence raised fears about his safety.The tsunami in Indonesia raised concern both at home and abroad.The report on UFO raised the curiosity of the kids.Does anyone have any poi

34、nts to raise?raise 還有許多其他意思 (1) Please raise your hands if you are for the plan. 舉起，抬起(2) His father raised his voice in anger. 抬高，提高(3) The farmer raised 20 pigs and some chickens. 飼養(yǎng)（家畜等）(4) They raised enough money for the environmental production project. 籌款，籌措(5) They planned to raise a monumen

35、t for the dead. 建立，建造注意：raise是及物動(dòng)詞，其過去式、過去分詞分別為raised，raised；現(xiàn)在分詞是raising。而rise是不及物動(dòng)詞，過去式、過去分詞分別為rose，risen；現(xiàn)在分詞是rising。請(qǐng)?jiān)囍詒aise和rise的不同形式填寫以下句子。(1) He told us that he was raised by his aunt.(2) As we all know, the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.(3) The river has risen 3 inches since it

36、 rained.(4) He stood there with his right hand raised.(5) A great number of nations rose and fell in the course of history.(6) The price of a cup of coffee has risen/has been raised by ten cents.(7) I saw tears .rising to her eyes.(8) He rose to his feet, raising his voice in anger.2. concernconcern

37、在本單元作名詞用，意為“關(guān)心，關(guān)注”。如：The famous singer expressed particular concern for those children infected with AIDS.His greatest concern is whether the endangered animals will be protected.Its no concern of mine.The mother showed a great deal of concern for her sons illness.詞組as far asbe concerned 意為“就而言”。如：A

38、s far as Im concerned, Im not against the plan.concerned 為形容詞，意為“擔(dān)心的，擔(dān)憂的”， 如：We are all concerned about her safety.concerning 為介詞，意為“關(guān)于，涉及”。如：The problem concerning the protection of Taihu Lake will be discussed tomorrow.Concerning his proposal, there were pros and cons.3. importanceimportance為不可數(shù)名詞

39、，意為“重要性”。如：Thats a matter of great importance to us.The educator emphasized the importance of developing team spirit between children. 注意 be+of+抽象名詞（importance, value, use, help）be+該抽象名詞的形容詞（important, valuable, useful, helpful）。如：His advice is of great value. His advice is very valuable.important 為

40、形容詞，意為“重要的”，常用于以下句型：It is important for us to master a foreign language in the modern society.It is important that you (should) keep your promise. It is important for you to keep your promise.4. adviseadvise 是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“建議，勸告”。常有以下用法：The doctor advised a complete rest. /taking a weeks restI advised him

41、 to stop smoking and drinking. I advised him that he (should) stop smoking and drinking.I advised her against marrying that dishonest man. I advised her not to marry that dishonest man.advice 是名詞，意為“建議，勸告”。如：You wont get well unless you take/follow the doctors advice.Ill ask my teacher for advice on

42、 this matter.Thats a good piece of advice you gave me.5. endangeredendanger是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“使受危險(xiǎn)，危及”。如：His laziness endangered his chances of success.endangered 是形容詞，意為“瀕臨絕種危險(xiǎn)的”。如：Are pandas endangered in China?danger 是名詞，意為“危險(xiǎn)，危險(xiǎn)物”。如：The drowning boy is in danger of losing his life.The tiger is a great dan

43、ger to the villagers.dangerous 是形容詞，意為“危險(xiǎn)的，不安全的”。如：Its dangerous to play on a road.6. remainedremain是不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“留存，剩余，逗留，仍然是”。如：If you take 3 from 10, 7 remains.Who would like to remain and help me do the dishes?Who stole the famous painting remains unknown.It remains to be seen whether he will pass t

44、he driving test.They remain good friends though now they study in two different cities.The boy bought his mother a birthday gift with the remaining three dollars.7. efforteffort是名詞，意為“努力”。如：He spared no effort to help me with my English.All my efforts were in vain.He lifted the heavy rock without ef

45、fort.Please make an effort to arrive early.The efforts of the government to help the disabled made a deep impression on all the people who attended the melting.8. appreciateappreciate是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“贊賞，欣賞，賞識(shí)”。如：You cant appreciate the novel unless you know its background.His works were not appreciated unti

46、l after his death.We all appreciate a holiday after a year of hard work.I appreciate it when you help others when they are in trouble.appreciate 還有“感激”的意思。如：I appreciate your timely help.appreciation 是名詞，意為“鑒識(shí)，鑒賞力”等。如：He has a deep appreciation of literature.9. reservereserve 即可用作名詞，意為“保護(hù)區(qū)，保留”，也可用作動(dòng)

47、詞，意為“保留，保存”。如：After a long journey, we came to a forest reserve.I have little money in reserve.We discussed the problem without reserve.I must reserve strength for climbing the mountain tomorrow.reserve 還有“預(yù)訂，留作專用”之意。如：All seats reservedThe first three rows of the hall are reserved for special guest

48、s.鞏固練習(xí)：Key: 1. reserve2. efforts3. endangered4. remain5. advised 6.importance7. appreciate8. raise9. concernPart 4 Phrases from page 22 to 251. In additionin addition 意為“另外，加之，又”，作副詞用，相當(dāng)于besides 或as well。如：He had no time to prepare this lecture, in addition, he was unwell。There was a big earthquake

49、and, in addition, there were terrible tsunamis.In addition, there is one more point I would like to make.in addition to 作介詞用，意為“加之，除了之外”。如：He speaks French in addition to English.In addition to the sandwiches, Aunt Mary gave us cookies to bring to the picnic.此外，addition的動(dòng)詞是add，能構(gòu)成不同的詞組。add something

50、 to，意為“把添加入”；add up to，意為“總計(jì)”；add to意為“增添”。如：Please add some more salt to this soup.All his school education added up to no more than one year.The news that the road was blocked added to her anxiety.2. wiped outwipe out在本單元意為“掃除，消滅”，還有“擦洗的內(nèi)部，雪恥”等意思。如：I hope that the terrible scene will be wiped out

51、from the little boys memory.It is reported that the imported plant will wipe out some of the original species there.All the information saved in the computer was wiped out by the virus.The deadly disease almost wiped out the entire population.The houses were wiped out by the flood.Could you wipe the

52、 bath out?wipe 還能構(gòu)成其他詞組： （1）Will you please wipe off the drawing from the blackboard? 擦掉（2）Please wipe up that spilt coffee. （把濺出的水等）抹掉（3）She wiped her tears away with her handkerchief. 擦去（眼淚等）（4）Please wipe the glasses dry. 把擦干3. cut back oncut back on 意為“削減，縮減，減少”。如：Theyve already cut back product

53、ion by twenty percent.You have to cut back on spending.由cut構(gòu)成的詞組：(1) The electricity was cut off because of the terrible storm. 切斷（電力、煤氣、自來水等）(2) They shouldnt have cut down those young trees. 砍倒(3) To make the dish, you should first cut up the vegetables into small pieces. 切碎(4) He cut out an artic

54、le about Liuxiang from the newspaper. 剪下(5) The moment I began to speak, he cut in. 插嘴(6) The village was cut off by the heavy snow. 使孤立4. It is obvious thatIt is obvious that是個(gè)固定句型，意為“是顯然的”。如：It is obvious that he told her a lie.It is obvious that he didnt do it himself.It is+形容詞that 這種句型比較多見，同學(xué)們要學(xué)

55、會(huì)自己歸納。如：It is impossible that he will come this afternoon.It is likely that he will give a speech.It is important that you should keep obey the school rules.It is strange that you dont know him.It is necessary that you should buy so many dresses at a time?5. open the flooropen the floor 意為“自由發(fā)言”。如：T

56、he club members opened the floor for their discussion whether they should give up the plan or not.open 的意思有很多。請(qǐng)?jiān)囍f出下面這些句子中open的含義。（1）The lovely view opened out before our eyes. 展現(xiàn)（2）He opened his heart to the girl. 告知，表明（3）My dream is to open a restaurant. 開張（4）The Red Army men opened fire at the en

57、emy. 開火（5）He opened out a folding map for all of us and began his story. 展開，打開。（6）The story opened with a love story between a prince and a princess. 以開始6. run out ofrun out of 意為“用完，耗盡”。如：I have run out of my pocket money.My pocket money has run out.We are running out of fuel. Our fuel is running out.由run構(gòu)成的短語很多，請(qǐng)?jiān)囍f出