公共英語PETS講義42

1、Chapter16PopularScienceUnit28PopularScienceUnit28PopularScience語言要點1. specificadj.具體的，明確的：Whatisthespecifictimeofarrival?獨特的，特定的：specificage典型考題Bemore()aboutwhenyouwantustocome.AspecialBparticularCgeneralDspecificUnit28PopularScience語言要點2. insightn.洞察力；見識(常與into連用)TheProfessorhasadeepinsightintotheA

2、mericansociety.這位教授對當(dāng)前的美國社會有深刻的以識。典型考題Theyoungpoliticianisamanof()AintuitionBpowerfulCinsightDinsightfulUnit28PopularScience語言要點3. sheltern.掩蔽處，避身處：Hestoodintheshelteratthebusstop.他站在公共汽車站的候車亭里。v.庇護，掩護；遮擋：Wetookshelterfromthestorminabarn我們在一個谷倉里躲避暴風(fēng)雨。避難，躲避1) giveshelterto庇護2)takeshelter(=findshelter

3、)典型考題Andthedeadtreegivesno()AcoverBshelterCguardDretreatUnit28PopularScience語言要點4. capturen.捕獲，戰(zhàn)利品v.俘獲，捕獲，奪?。篢hecriminalwascapturedwhentryingtoescapefromthecity.罪才已在企圖逃離這座城市時被捕獲。典型考題Thetalesofadventure()thechildren'sattention.AcaptureBarrestCimprisonDpullUnit28PopularScience語言要點5. confinev.限制，禁閉

4、：Pleaseconfineyourremarkstotheissuesathand.請你把話題局限在手頭的問題上。典型考題Thesickchildwas()tobed.AcontainedBconfinedCenclosedDsurroundbeconfinedto是習(xí)慣搭配，意為“被限制在”。Unit28PopularScience語言要點6. controversialadj.爭論的，爭議的acontroversialstandonhumanrights引起爭議的人權(quán)立場派生詞：controversy(名詞)爭論，辯論；controversially(副詞)subject典型考題Thel

5、iedetectortestshavebeenaAdominantBcontroversialCmagnificentDprominentUnit28PopularScience語言要點7. rationaladj.理性的，合理的，推理的thestageofrationalknowledge理性認(rèn)識階段典型考題Manisa()being.AsoundBrationalCjustifiableDreasonable反義詞：irrationaladj.不合情理的，不理性的rationalityn.合理性，唯理性justifiable“有理由的”“合隋合理的”reasonable指"合情合

6、理的“、“(價格)公平合理的”。Unit28PopularScience學(xué)習(xí)要點1 .談肉眼可看見的行星：Manyplanetsarevisibletothenakedeye,suchasMercury,Venus,Mars,Jupiter,andSaturn.2 .如何解釋弓I力：Gravityistheforcethatkeepstheplanetsinorbitaroundthesun.3 .什么是好的科學(xué)節(jié)目：Agoodscienceprogramshouldenableacertainaudiencetoincreaseitsunderstandingofscienceorinsom

7、ewaytogaininsightintoscience.4 .談英國家長的難處：BritishparentsmayfinditdifficulttohelptheirchildrenwiththeirScienceandTechnologyhomework.Unit28PopularScience學(xué)習(xí)要點5 .談學(xué)電月齒的必要性：Familiaritywithcomputersisnowessentialaspupilsareexpectedtousespreadsheetsanddatabasesforcollectingandpresentinginformation.6 .科技課是必修

8、課的表達：Technologyisnowcompulsoryforpupilsagedbetweenfiveandsixteen.7 .談網(wǎng)上購物：Shoppingbycomputerneedn'tbeanymoredifficultthanoperatingacassetteplayer.Unit28PopularScience學(xué)習(xí)要點8 .談科學(xué)與政治的界限：Thesharpdividebetweenascientificinsideandapoliticaloutsideisevaporating.9 .談科學(xué)、政治和人的關(guān)系：Andthemoreitdoes,themoreth

9、efateofhumansislinkedtothatofthings,themoreascientificstatementresemblesapoliticalone.10 .談環(huán)境監(jiān)控的方式：Aworldwidenetworkofenvironmentalsensorsmonitorstheplanetinrealtime（即時的，迅速的）Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue2P354Thiscancaptivateaudiencesaseffectivelyastheverybestthrillers.這樣做就能使節(jié)目如同最暢銷的恐怖小

10、說一樣牢牢抓住觀眾。辨析effective,efficient:effective有效的；生效的。例如：Themedicineisaneffectivecureforaheadache.Thelawiseffectiveimmediately.efficient有效率的，能干的。Thisnewcopymachineismoreefficientthantheoldone.這臺新復(fù)印機比那臺舊的效率Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue2P354Aslongasthehumanaspectofscienceisnotignored,andresea

11、rchersarenotreducedtotheroleofexplainingimpersonaldata,anysubjectcanmakeforagoodtelevisionprogram.只要科技的人文作用沒有被忽略，并且科研人員不再是僅僅充當(dāng)簡單說明數(shù)據(jù)的角色，那么任何學(xué)科都可以被做成精彩的電視節(jié)目。arenotreducedto:淪落為。aslongas以為條件，只要。例如：Aslongasyou'veofferedit,Iwillacceptit.既然你已給了我，我就接受。IwillcooperateaslongasIamnotifiedontime.只要及時告訴我，我就

12、會合作。Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P355Thatdoesnotmeanthatthestorycannotincludenotionsofcomplexityanddoubt,whicharenecessaryfeaturesofscience.但這并不意味著在這種構(gòu)思中不能涉及難理解的概念或疑惑。因為復(fù)雜和懷疑是科學(xué)自身的特點。Notions觀念；信念；理解Complexity復(fù)雜Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P355Hebreaksdownintearsashetrie

13、stoexplainthesignificanceofhisfinding.節(jié)目中安德魯？威爾斯在說明其工作的重要價值時激動得泣不成聲。breakdownA）使崩潰；毀壞。例如：Webrokedownourresolve.我們喪失了決心。B）消除Prejudicesbreakdownslowly.偏見消除得很慢。C）失效；拋錨Theelevatorbrokedown.Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P355SincetheimplementationoftheNationalCurriculuminthelate1980s,theteac

14、hingofthesedisciplineshaschangedradically.從20世紀(jì)80年代國家課程方案實施以來，關(guān)于科技的學(xué)科教育發(fā)生了根本上的改變。1）since在句中是“從時起”，與想在完成時連用。又如：Theyhavebeenfriendseversincetheywereingradeschool.他們從/、學(xué)起就直是好朋友。2）since還有"既然；因為”的意思，例如：Sinceyou'renotinterested,1won'ttellyouaboutit.Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3

15、P355ScienceisnolongerpresentedasPhysics,ChemistryandBiologytobelearntparrotfashion,butasapracticaldisciplinerequiringcommunicationskillsandtheapplicationofknowledgeandunderstanding.現(xiàn)在，科學(xué)不再分為物理，化學(xué)和生物來進行"填鴨式"教授，而是作為實用型的學(xué)科要求學(xué)生的交流技巧，理解和靈活應(yīng)用知識的能力。presentvtA）介紹，講授。Thereportshouldbepresentedingre

16、atdetailandinclearerlanguageB）贈送：Theypresentedflowerstotheirteacher.C）呈交，遞交：Thepetitionwillbepresentedtotheparliamentnextweek.Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P355Theydeveloptheabilitytorecordandreportaswellastotranslateinformationfromoneformtoanothertosuita,particularaudienceorpurpose.他們

17、必須增強記錄和報告的能力，以使得他們能夠在不同的聽眾面前或為不同的目的而調(diào)整匯報的方式和內(nèi)容。aswellas1)conj,既又Heiscourageousaswellasstrong.2)prep.(介詞)者B。Theeditorsaswellastheproofreadersareworkingovertime.編輯和校對者者B在力口班工作。Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P356Pupilsareencouragedtoidentifyopportunitiesfordesignandtechnologicalactivitiesa

18、ndtoexpressthemverbally.學(xué)生們被鼓勵找機會嘗試設(shè)計，工藝實踐和口頭表達。1)identifyvt.A)認(rèn)出；識別；鑒定。Iidentifiedthejacketatonce;itwasmybrother's.B)(與with連用)認(rèn)為同一。Heidentifiesbeautywithgoodness.他認(rèn)為美與善是一致的。Unit28PopularSciencePassageP357Answerstothegreatresearchquestionsweresoughtwithinshelteredchambers,wheresmallgroupsofspeci

19、alizedexpertsscaleddown(orup)phenomenainjoyfulisolation.重大課題答案的探索能夠在環(huán)境舒適的實驗室中進行。在一個個小工作間里，專家們分成小組愉快的分別進行縮放或放大比例的實驗。上頂峰1)seek(sought,sought)vt.A)(常與for,after連用)搜尋，尋找。Wesoughtananswertothequestion,butcouldn'tfindone.Unit28PopularSciencePassageP357Answerstothegreatresearchquestionsweresoughtwithins

20、helteredchambers,wheresmallgroupsofspecializedexpertsscaleddown(orup)phenomenainjoyfulisolation.2)scalen.天平，刻度，等級。例如：arulerwithscalesv.A）改變一大小。例如：scaleddowntheirdemandstofitreality；縮減需求以符合實際情況B）去除魚鱗。Scaleandcleanthefish,將魚除鱗洗凈。C）攀登。例如：scaledthepeak爬上頂峰Unit28PopularSciencePassageP358Callittheeraoftrickle-downscience.這段時期被稱為“滴落”型科學(xué)時代。1）trickle-down:adj.（液體的）點滴的；點滴投資理論的。例如：thetrickle-downeffect點滴投資理論作用2