初中英語語法賓語從句講解及專項練習(xí)

1、初中英語語法賓語從何講解及專項練習(xí)賓語從句小口訣：賓語從何三注意，時態(tài)語序引導(dǎo)詞；主句一般現(xiàn)在時，從何不需受限制；主句一般過去時，從何須用相應(yīng)時；陳述旬轉(zhuǎn)化that弓I,一般疑問句用if/whether,特殊問句疑問詞，引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。一、基本講解1概念:在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語的從何叫賓語從旬，賓語從句可作謂語動詞的賓語，也可做介詞的賓語。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.勒詞賓語)HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.劫詞賓語)MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.介詞賓語)2.連接詞(1).陳述旬轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從何時，引導(dǎo)詞用tha

2、t,口語中常常省略。e.g,Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,主要用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從旬，從何同樣是陳述語序eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.注意：一般情況下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情況例外。a.當(dāng)從何做介詞的賓語時只用whether不用ifeg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwellgoonthepinic.b.引導(dǎo)詞與動詞不定式或not連用時，只用whether.eg,Pleaseletmeknowwh

3、attodonext.Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?c.if當(dāng)如果講時，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，這時不能用whether.(3).特殊疑問旬轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從何時，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問詞；引導(dǎo)詞后要用陳述句語序。E.g.Couldyoutellmewhatsthematterwrongwithyou?特殊情況：當(dāng)doyouthink/t接特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從何時，句式結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為引導(dǎo)詞+doyouthink+陳述句語序。3 .賓語從何時態(tài)a.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，一般將來時或祈使句時，從句不受主句的限制，根據(jù)自身的需要選用相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。例如：Doyouknow(if/whether

4、hehasseenthefilm)?b.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時，從句要用過去時的相應(yīng)時態(tài)。例如：Ididntknow(if/whetherhehadseenthefilm注意：當(dāng)主句是一般過去時，而從句表示的是客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象，科學(xué)原理，格言等，從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：Hesaid(thattheearthmovesroundthesun.)Theteachertoldus(thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.)4 .、人稱的變化和標(biāo)點的使用a.從句的主語如果是第一人稱，變?yōu)橘e語從句則與主句的主語一致；如果是第二人稱，則與主句的賓語一致；如果是第三人稱，

5、不用變化。如：(一主二賓三不變)“MayIuseyourknifeHeaskedme.fHeaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.“DoyouknowhertelephonenumberHeaskedme.fHeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.b.賓語從句的標(biāo)點均由主句決定。主句是陳述句，用句號；主句是疑問句，用問號。如：Whowillgiveusatalk?Idontknow.fIdontknowwhowillgiveusatalk.Doyouknow?Wheredoeshelive?fDoyouknowwherehelives?二、賓語從句

6、的轉(zhuǎn)化1 .當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等，且主句主語與從句主語相同時,從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.fSheagredtohelpmewithmymaths.2 .當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面帶特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化的賓語時，主從句的主語也須一致這時從句可以簡化成疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)例如：IdontknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.fIdontknowwhichsweatertobuy.3

7、.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是ask,tell,show,teach等后面帶雙賓語時，從句的主語和間接賓語一致，且從句是由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化來時，從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”，或者在連接代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為連接代詞/副詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：-Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?4 .當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是find,see,watch,hear等感官動詞時，從句常簡化為賓語+賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.f

8、Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.賓語從句專項習(xí)題鞏固練習(xí)1 .HaveyoudecidedforAustralia?A.whenwillyouleaveB.whendoyouleaveC.youwillleavewhenD.whenyouwillleave2 .Canyoutellme?A.wheredoesTomliveB.whereTomlivedC.TomliveswhereD.whereTomlives3 .Theoldmanaskedme.A.wherewasthecinemaB.whereisthecinemaC.wherethecine

9、mawasD.wherewasthewaytothecinema4.1 thinkyouwilllikehim.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.how5.1 didntknowhewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whetherC.weatherD.how6.1 wonder.A.howmuchcosttheseshoesB.howmuchdotheseshoescostC.howmuchtheseshoescostD.howmucharetheseshoescost7.Sheaskedme.A.whohewasB.whowasheC.whoisheD.whoheis8.Askhi

10、m.A.whosecupthisisB.whosecupisthisC.thisiswhosecupD.whoseisthiscup9.1 dontknow.A.whattimethemoviestartsB.whattimestartsthemovieC.thetimetostartthemovieD.themoviewhattimestarts10.Thedoctoraskedmehowlong.A.wasIillB.haveIbeenillC.IhavebeenillD.Ihadbeen川11.TheweatherforecastdoesnA.ifitrainstomorrowC.ifi

11、twillraintomorrow12.Doyouknow?A.whosepenisthisC.whomdoesthepenbelongto13.CouldyoutellmewhereA. thetapewasB.wasthetapetsay.B. ifdoesitraintomorrowD.ifwillitraintomorrowB. whosepenthisisD.whomthepenbelongto?C. thetapeisD.isthetape14 .Theywanttoknow?A.whereisthehospitalB.howoldareyouC.whenthetrainwilll

12、eaveD.whyistheboycrying15 .Tonywantedtoknow.A. whathadFatherChristmasputinhisstockingB. whenFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingC. whatFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingD. whereFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking16 .Nooneknowstheprofessorwillcometoourschooltomorrowtogiveusatalkornot.A.whenB.whetherC.wh

13、ereD.if17 .Julydidntknow.A.whereisTimsfatherB.whenwasthefirstwatchmadeC.whotheoldmanisD.whatwaswrongwithherwatch18 .Noonetoldus,soweneedyourhelp.A.howshouldwedoB.whatweshoulddoC.whattodoD.whatshouldwedo19 .Wedontknowwiththerubbishanditpollutesoutlandandsea.A.howdoitB.howtodoC.whatdoitD.whattodo20 .H

14、easkedmeA. whetherIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyB. whetherdidIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyC. whetherthesenderofthemoneyfoundoutD. whetherIfoundoutthesenderofthemoney21. Didyouhear?A.whatdidIsayB.whatIsaidC.IsaidwhatD.whatIsay22. Canyoutellme?A.whichclassyouareinB.whichclassareyouinC.youareinwhichclassD.a

15、reyouinwhichclass23. -Excuseme.Couldyoutellme?-Certainly.A.whencanIgettothestationB.IcangettowhichstationC.whichstationcanIgettoD.howIcangettothestation24. Couldyoutellmewhereyesterday?A.didyougoB.yougoC.youhavegoneD.youwent25.Tomaskedme.A.whoseshirtwasthisB.whoseshirtthiswasC.whoshirtwasthisD.whosh

16、irtthiswas26. Excuseme,couldyoutellme?A.wherestheteachersofficB.wheresthebusstationC.whatsshedoingD.wherethepostofficeis27. IwanttoseeMrs.Wang,butIdontknow.A.sheliveswhereB.shewherelivesC.whereshelivesD.wheredoesshelive28. -GoandaskMr.Whiteforhelp.-ButIdontknow.A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelivesC.where

17、ishelivingD.helivesthere29. -Canyoutellme?-Yes,helivesinasmalltown.A.wherehelivesB.whoissingingC.whenhewillleaveD.whathesaid30.HaveyoudecidedforLondon?A.whenwillyouleaveB.whenyouwillleaveC.whenareyougoingD.whenyouaregoing31. Excuseme.Couldyoutellmeourtickets?A.wheredoweshowB.whereshallweshowC.whered

18、idweshowD.whereweshallshow32. -Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood?-WeareallinterestedinA.howeggisfriedB.howiseggfriedC.HoweggfriesD.howdoeseggfry33. Doyouknow?A.whatitisB.whatisitC.whoisheD.whosenameisit34. Doyouknow?A.whosebookisthisB.whosebookthisisC.thisbookiswhoseD.whosbookthisis35. Idontkno

19、wnow.A.whereismycatB.mycatiswhereC.wheremycatisD.wheremycat36.Doesheknow?A.whatsyournameB.whatnameisyourC.whatyourisnameD.whatyournameis37. Doyouknow?A.whichfloorhelivesB.whichfloorhelivesonC.helivesonwhichfloorD.whichfloordoesheliveson38. Tellmewhere?A.isthehospitalB.thehospitalisC.ishospitalD.hosp

20、italis39.Hehasntdecided.A.ifhellgoonatriptoXW/uB.whenwillhegoonatriptoWuxiC.ifhegoesonatriptoWuxiD.whendoeshegoonatriptoWuxi40. Canyousee?A.whathesreadiBgwhatishereadingC.whatdoeshereadD.hereadswhat點擊中考1. Someofmyfriendsareinterestinginscience,butnoneofthemcantell_.A.whenUFOswillappearnexttimeB.whyd

21、ohorsesknowthewayC.wherewasthiskindofplantfoundD.howdoelephantscommunicate2. -WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?Sorry.Idontknow.A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroadC.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad3. -MayIcomein?ImsorryIamlate.Comein,please.Butcouldyoupleasetellme.?A.whyyouarelateaga

22、inB.whatwereyoudoingthenC.whoyoutalkedwithD.howdoyoucometoschool4. -Couldyoupleasetellme.?-BusNo.32willtakeyourightthere.A.whereisHenanMuseumB.whatHenanMuseumislikeC.howcanIgettoHenanMuseumD.whichbusIshalltaketoHenanMuseum5. PetersaysthattheWhitesareonholiday,butnooneknows.A.wheretheyhavebeenB.where

23、aretheyC.wherearetheyfromD.wheretheyhavegone6. -Doyouknow.theCapitalMuseum?-NextFriday.A.whenwilltheyvisitB.whentheywillvisiC.whendidtheyvisitD.whentheyvisited7. Hewantedtoknow.theEnglishparty.A.whenwillwehaveB.whenwewillhaveC.whenwouldwehaveD.whenwewouldhave8. Iwanttoknow.A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearr