神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)英文選擇題及答案

1、1. A patient has a disorder of the central nervous system. Which part of the system could be involved?A. nerves in the forearmB. nerves to the heartC. spinal cordD. sympathetic neurons2. A neuron that transmits a nerve impulse to the central nervous system is called a(an)A. motorB. sensoryC. bipolar

2、D. association3. The cell that dose not belong with the others because of its function is theA. sensory neuronB. neurogliaC. motor neuronD. association neuron4. visceral effectors would not include A. muscle in the heart wall B. muscle fibers in the brachialisC. glandular cells in the parotid saliva

3、ry gland D. muscle in the wall of the small intestine5. If a person having a lesion in the spinal cord, the kind of neuron most likely involved is a (an)A. associationB. motorC. sensoryD. afferent6. The portion of the nervous system usually considered to be involuntary is known as theA. central B. s

4、omaticC. autonomicD. peripheral7. The structure of a neuron required for the regeneration of injured processes is the A. neurilemmaB. myelin sheathC. cell body membrane D. a process cannot regenerate8. Neurons that conduct impulses from the central nervous system to muscles or glands are referred as

5、 A. afferent B. associationC. voluntary D. efferent9. Nerve fibers that convey impulse to skeletal muscles are calledA. general somatic efferentB. general visceral afferentC. general somatic afferent D. general visceral efferent10. Nerve impulses are conveyed from the cell body by the A. dendriteB.

6、neurilemmaC. axon D. myelin sheath11. A neuron that contains several dendrites and one axon is referred to as A. multipolarB. unipolarC. bipolar D. apolar12. The junction between two neurons is called a A. myoneural junctionB. motor and plateC. hillockD. synapse13. Which of the following is composed

7、 of sensory neurons only?A. ventral root of spinal nervesB. white rami communicantsC. gray rami communicants D. dorsal root of spinal nerves14. A collection of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system is referred to as a A. ganglionB. horn C. tractD. nucleus15. The region (space) around

8、the spinal cord that contains cerebrospinal fluid is theA. subdural B. subarachnoidC. epiduralD. supradural16. In a reflex arc, which component represents a muscle or gland of the body?A. centerB. receptorC. sensory neuronD. effector17. In a reflex arc, which component represents a muscle or gland?A

9、. association neuronB. receptorC. sensory neuronD. effector18. An occlusion in a choroids plexus would interfere with an individuals ability to A. breatheB. carry on peristalsisC. form cerebrospinal fluidD. store glycogen19. An obstruction in the interventricular foramen would interfere with the flo

10、w of cerebrospinal fluid intoA. lateral ventricleB. third ventricleC. fourth ventricleD. subarachnoid space of the spinal cord20. Which structure does not belong with the others?A. ponsB. midbrainC. thalamusD. medulla21. Which statement concerning the autonomic nervous system is not true?A. It usual

11、ly operates without any conscious control.B. It regulates visceral activities.C. All of its axons are afferent fibers.D. It contains rami and ganglia.22. Which of the following is not a visceral effector?A. cardiac muscleB. glandular epitheliumC. skeletal muscleD. smooth muscle23. The cell bodies of

12、 preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system are located in theA. lateral grey horns of the thoracic cordB. nuclei in the brain stem and lateral gray horns of sacral cordC. lateral gray horns of cervical cordD. lateral gray horns of lumbar cord24. Autonomic

13、ganglia located on either side of the vertebral column from the base of the skull to the coccyx are calledA. prevertebral gangliaB. collateral gangliaC. terminal gangliaD. lateral ganglia25. Axons from preganglionic neurons of the parasymphathetic division of the autonomic nervous systemA. synapse i

14、n sympathetic chain gangliaB. synapse in prebertebral gangliaC. synapse in terminal gangliaD. are part of the thoracolumbar outflow26. In the course from anterior rami to the sympathetic trunk, sympathetic priganglionic fibers are contained in structures calledA. white rami communicants B. meningeal

15、 branchesC. dorsal rami D. gray rami communicantes27. In a visceral autonomic reflex, which component conveys the impulse from the central nervous system to the autonomic ganglion?A. visceral efferent preganglion neuronB. association neuronC. visceral efferent postganglion neuronD. afferent neuron 2

16、8. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the sympathetic nervous system?A. white rami communicantsB. inferior cervical ganglionC. terminal ganglionD. gray rami communicants29. Which statement is not true of the parasympathetic nervous system?A. It forms the craniosacaral outflow.B. It co

17、ntains terminal ganglia.C. Its ganglia are near or within visceral effectors.D. It is distributed throughout the body.30. Terminal ganglia receive A. postganglionic fibers from the parasympathetic divisionB. postganglionic fibers from the sympathetic divisionC. preganglionic fibers from the parasymp

18、athetic divisionD. preganglionic fibers from the sympathetic division31. Which of the following is not a plexus of the spinal nerves?A. cervicalB. choroidC. brachialD. lumbar32. Which of the following cranial nerves does not have parasympathetic fibers?A. oculomotor B. accessoryC. facial D. vagus33.

19、 Which of the following is not involved in the autonomic nervous system?A. sympathetic neuronsB. facial nerveC. vagus nerveD. optic nerve34. Which of the following is most closely associated with the diencephalons?A. thalamus B. cerebral aqueductC. cerebral pedunclesD. corpus callosum35. Which of th

20、e following lists the parts of a reflex arc in the correct sequence?A. receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron, effectorB. effector, receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuronC. effector, sensory neuron, receptor, motor neuron, interneuronD. receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron

21、, motor neuron, effector36. The phrenic nerve arises from the A. cervical plexusB. brachial plexusC. lumbar plexusD. sacral plexus37. The portion of the brain continuous with the spinal cord is theA. hypothalamusB. ponsC. cerebellumD. medulla38. The cerebral aqueduct links theA. lateral ventriclesB.

22、 lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricleC. 3rd and 4th ventricleD. lateral ventricles and 4th ventricle39. Which of the following cranial nerves is not a mixed nerve?A. vagusB. trigeminalC. glossopharyngeal D. vestibulocochlear40. Clusters of neuron cell bodies are not the main constituents ofA. grey m

23、atterB. central nervous system nucleiC. gangliaD. tracts41. The part of neuron that conducts impulses toward its cell body is called a(an)A. axonB. dendriteC. effectorD. myelin sheath42. The cytoplasmic extensions that provide the main receptive surfaces for neuron areA. neurogliaB. cell bodiesC. ax

24、ons D. dendrites43. Masses of myelinated nerve fibers appearA. whiteB. grayC. brownD. transparent44. A neuron that travels through the oculomotor nerve to an extrinsic muscle of eye is of what type?A. afferentB. efferentC. associationD. effector45. Neurons that conduct impulses to the spinal cord or

25、 brain are calledA. sensory neurons B. efferent neuronsC. association neuronsD. motor neurons46. A diseased or injured neuron cannot regenerate ifA. it is located in the PNSB. its axon has no myelin sheathC. its axon has no neurilemma D. its axon has been cut 47. The presence of myelin on a process

26、gives what characteristics?A. gray colorB. increased rate of transmissionC. regeneration of the processD. none of the above48. Which of the following would not be true of a reflex arc?A. always includes a sensory neuron and a motor neuronB. always has its center in the brain or the spinal cordC. alw

27、ays terminates in muscle or glandD. always includes an interneuron49. The basal nucleiA. are located in the cerebrumB. consist mainly of gray matterC. include the caudate and lentiformD. all of the above50. If anterior root of a spinal nerve were cut, what would be the result in the tissue or region

28、 that nerve supplies?A. complete loss of movementB. complete loss of sensationC. complete loss of sensation and movementD. loss of neither sensation nor movement, but only of autonomic control of blood vessels and sweat glands51. Loss of the sense of smell might be due to injury of which cranial ner

29、ve?A. B.C. D.52. Which of the following endocrine glands are paired?A. pituitaryB. pancreasC. pineal D. adrenal53. Which of the following describes the main function of receptor?A. they produce responses after stimuli have been receivedB. they coordinate stimulus and responseC. they control the auto

30、nomic functions of the bodyD. they make possible the bodys detection of changes in its environment54. Which of the following is not necessary for any of the responses referred to as reflexesA. effectors B. receptors C. cerebral cortexD. synapse55. Loss of autonomic control to thoracic and abdominal

31、organs might be due to injury of which cranial nerve?A. B.C. D.56. Failure to feel pain from an abscessed tooth is due to injury of the fifth cranial nerve. Its name isA. trigeminalB. mandibularC. trochlearD. facial57. What term refers to the part of the nervous system composed of cranial and spinal

32、 nerves?A. autonomicB. centralC. white matterD. peripheral58. Which of the following is an effector?A. retinaB. triceps brachiiC. tympanic membraneD. all of the above59. Which of the following combinations are correct?A. C1-5brachial plexusB. femoral nervelumbosacaral plexusC. brachial plexusnerve t

33、o diaphragmD. T2-11thoracic plexus60. the hypothalamus is part of the A. basal nucleiB. diencephalonC. cerebrum D. cerebellum61. The central sulcus separates theA. frontal lobe from parietal lobeB. parietal lobe from occipital lobeC. parietal lobe from temporal lobeD. occipital lobe from cerebellum6

34、2. Which of the following is not part of the cerebrum?A. thalamusB. corpus callosumC. lateral ventricleD. basal nuclei63. Which of the following is not involved with spinal nerve plexuses?A. anterior ramiB. posterior ramiC. cervical nerve D. thoracic nerve 64. Characteristics of the endocrine system

35、 would not includeA. secretions are released into blood vesselsB. involves a very rapid response (within milliseconds)C. uses chemical passengers called hormonesD. includes adrenal gland and ovaries65. Which of the following is not within the vertebral canal?A. posterior primary ramusB. anterior roo

36、tC. posterior root ganglionD. posterior horns66. Which of the following would be a sensory ganglion?A. posterior root ganglionB. superior mesenteric ganglionC. lateral ganglionD. collateral ganglion67. Which of the following combination is not correct?A. corpus callosumdiencephalonB. corpora quadrig

37、eminamidbrainC. cortexcerebellumD. thalamusdiencephalon68. Neuron cell bodies are located in all butA. horns of spinal cordB. meningesC. basal nucleiD. cortex69. Which of the following is not associated with cerebrospinal fluid?A. choroid plexusB. cervical plexusC. lateral ventricleD. subarachnoid s

38、pace70. Which of the following would have its cell body located in a ganglion?A. somatic motor neuronB. interneuronC. afferent neuronD. preganglionic neuron71. Which cranial nerve is not a major mixed nerve in function?A. facialB. opticC. glossopharyngealD. trigeminal72. In the course from the anter

39、ior ramus to the sympathetic trunk, sympathetic preganglionic neurons are contained in structures called A. white rami communicantsB. anterior ramiC. posterior ramiD. splanchnic nerves73. Which structure is not located inside the vertebral canal?A. cauda equinaB. dorsal root ganglionC. conus medulla

40、risD. anterior ramus74. Which of the following would be true regarding neurons?A. the axon of a motor neuron extends from the cell toward an effectorB. a neuron usually has many axons, connected to other neuronsC. sensory and motor neurons have dendrites while association neurons do notD. the dendri

41、te of one neuron usually connects to a dendrite of the next neuron75. Regeneration of a neuron process is possible only if the affected neuronA. has a myelin sheathB. has nodes of RanvierC. has a neurilemma sheathD. is in a ramus of a spinal nerve76. Neuron cell bodies are located in A. white matter

42、 of spinal cordB. meningsC. gray matter of spinal cordD. central nuclei of the spinal nerves77. Which combination is correct?A. phrenic nervediaphragmB. cervical plexusC1-6C. intercostals nervebrachial plexusD. sciatic nerve-anterior arm78. Characteristics of the endocrine system are includeA. all e

43、ndocrine secretions are steroidsB. the pancreas and the salivary glands are endocrineC. responses occur multiseconds after release of hormonesD. secretions released into blood vessels79. Axons from preganglionic neurons of the craniosacaral outflowA. synapse in the lateral chainB. synapse in prevert

44、ebral gangliaC. synapse in terminal gangliaD. synapse in the superior mesenteric ganglia80. The loss of sense of hearing could result from injury of which cranial nerve?A. B.C. D.81. Which of the following would be considered sensory in function?A. terminal ganglionB. posterior root ganglionC. anter

45、ior ramusD. anterior root82. A neuron that transmits an impulse away from the CNS is called a(an)_neuron.A. motorB. sensoryC. afferentD. effector83. Which of the following are true statements relating to the menings?A. The dura mater is composed of a dense fibrous connective tissue.B. The dura mater

46、 around the brain is single-layered.C. Venous sinuses occur between the two dural layers around the spinal cord.D. The most superficial meninx is the arachnoid membrane.84. A collection of neuron cell bodies outside the CNS is referred to as a A. ganglionB. horn C. tractD. nucleus85. Which of the fo

47、llowing is a voluntary effector?A. cochlea of earB. salivary glandC. diaphragmD. myocardium of the heart86. Which of the following combinations would be correct regarding the cranial nerves?A. vagusmixedB. trochlearparasympatheticC. accessoryD. sensory87. Which statement concerning the autonomic ner

48、ves system is not true?A. it usually operates without any conscious controlB. it regulates visceral activitiesC. all of its axons are afferent fibersD. it contains rami and ganglia88. Autonomic ganglia located on either side of the vertebral column are calledA. prevertebral ganglia B. collateral gan

49、gliaC. dorsal root gangliaD. lateral ganglia89. Bundles of processes are the main constituents ofA. gray matterB. nucleiC. gangliaD. tracts90. The region around the spinal cord that contains cerebrospinal fluid is calledA. central canalB. subarachnoid spaceC. epidural spaceD. ventricular space91. In a reflex arc, which component represents muscle or gland?A. association neuronB. receptorC. sensory neuronD. effector92. A neuron that travels through the oculomotor nerve to an extrinsic mescle of the eye is of w