《新編商務(wù)英語翻譯》教案

1、Unit 1 Business Travel. ObjectivesAfter studying this unit, the Students (abbr.Ss) should get the general idea of what business travel is and what the characteristics of business travel are so as to be able to translate the articles on business travel into Chinese or vice versa according to the tran

2、slation skills in focus about Splitting.Detailed plan1. Teaching Methods: student-oriented2. Teaching Periods: 4Periods3. Key points:1) To know the general background knowledge of what business travel is;2) To understand the translation skills in focus about splitting;3) To translate the texts appro

3、priately paying special attention to notes and commentsbehind the texts;4) To finish tasks for translation exercises behind the texts.4. Difficult points:1) To understand the translational skill in focus about splitting;2) To translate the texts appropriately paying special attention to notes and co

4、mments behind the texts.5. Teaching procedures1) Lead-in work(1) What is business travel?It includes Commercial Business Travel, Convention Travel, Exhibition Travel, Incentive Travel, Public Relations Travel, Special Program Travel and Sales and Marketing Travel.(2) What are the characteristics of

5、business travel? (See P2)1. Time2. Quality of services3. LanguageExample:Welcome to the China Incentive Business Travel and Meetings Exhibition - CIBTMThe China Incentive, Business Travel & Meetings Exhibition is theleading international event for the business travel and meetings,incentives, confere

6、nces and events industry (otherwise known as MICE)in China and the wider Asia region.CIBTM is an award winning event taking place annually in Beijing. Theaims of CIBTM are to provide a business platform for international andregional venues, hotels, destinations and suppliers to meet with meetingplan

7、ners, incentive travel buyers and those involved in the meetings andincentives industry from China and Asia.2) Skill in focus: splitting1.一個句子內(nèi)兩個分句平等，分譯成兩個句子也可。Their little white cabins cluster incredibly on rock ledges; their small potato patches are scratched with heroic industry in the hard rock.

8、他們的白色小屋三五成群地坐落在伸向海邊的懸崖上，若非親眼所見，實(shí)難相信。那小塊小塊的馬鈴薯地是他們以勤勞勇敢的精神從巖縫中摳出來的。2.兩個分句之間有并列連詞表示并列關(guān)系，也可拆開來譯。Titian-blue hills, blue skies, seas that rival the blue of Naples; but in bad weather the Atlantic waves scream on every side of them, and the winds from the east go tearing round the mountains like forty th

9、ousand devils.黛青色的山巒，蔚藍(lán)的天空，可以與那不勒斯媲美的藍(lán)湛湛的海?？墒窃谔鞖獠缓玫臅r候，大西洋的波濤在四周呼嘯，東邊刮來的朔風(fēng)像千萬個妖魔在山間奔騰。3含定語從句的句子:在英漢互譯中，特別是英譯漢中，如能將定語從句譯成前置定語，則避免其它譯法；如不合適，一般分譯成分譯成另外一個獨(dú)立的句子或另一種從句，如狀語從句等,e.g. I am going to see my grandmother, who was ill in bed, to take her some butter and eggs and a fresh-baked cake that my mother ha

10、s made for her.我去看病在床上的祖母，給她帶些奶油、雞蛋和媽媽剛剛烤好的蛋糕。（譯成前置定語） Elizabeth was determined to make no effort for conversation with a woman, who was now more than usually insolent and disagreeable.伊莉莎白不肯再和這樣一個女人說話，這個女人現(xiàn)在異常無禮，十分令人反感。（定語從句譯成另外一句） They tried to stamp out the revolt, which spread all the more furio

11、usly throughout the country.他們企圖撲滅反抗，結(jié)果反抗愈來愈猛，遍及全國。（從句譯成狀語） He visited many places, in all of which he was received with the usual enthusiasm which attended his arduous labors.他訪問了許多地方，到處受到熱烈的歡迎。他的艱苦努力是經(jīng)常受到熱烈歡迎的。（原文長句中含有兩個定語從句，譯成兩個獨(dú)立的句子，意思顯得很清楚）4. 一個長句包含作者的多步邏輯推理，英譯漢時可用分譯法。Thus it happened that when

12、 the new factories that were springing up required labor, tens of thousands of homeless and hungry agricultural workers, with their wives and children, were forced into the cities in search of work, any work, under any condition, that would keep them alive.于是，就出現(xiàn)了這樣的現(xiàn)象，正當(dāng)新辦的工廠紛紛成立、需要勞動力的時候，成千上萬無家可歸、

13、饑腸轆轆的從事農(nóng)業(yè)的勞動者，攜妻帶女，被迫流入城市；他們要找活干，不管什么活兒，不講什么條件，只要不讓他們餓死就行。5一個漢語長句往往講好幾個話題，最好按話題拆開來譯。我軍的現(xiàn)代化，就是要有一支強(qiáng)大的陸軍空軍海軍，要有現(xiàn)代化的武器裝備，包括導(dǎo)彈和核武器，要嚴(yán)格訓(xùn)練，要按實(shí)戰(zhàn)要求苦練過硬的殺敵本領(lǐng)，熟練掌握使用現(xiàn)代化武器裝備的新技術(shù)，以及隨之而來的新戰(zhàn)術(shù)。Our armys modernization calls for powerful ground, air and naval forces and modern arms and equipment, including guided mi

14、ssiles and nuclear weapons; it calls for rigorous and hard training to develop the ability to wipe out the enemy as required in actual combat; it calls for mastery of 2the new techniques involved in handling modern arms and equipment and of the new tactics entailed.一個春天的傍晚，園中百花怒放，父母在園中設(shè)宴，霎時賓客云集，笑語四溢

15、。One spring evening, my parents held a banquet in the garden where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom. Instantly, a crowd of guests gathered together and their laughter was heard all over there. 這次到臺灣訪問交流，雖然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，訪了舊友，交了新知，大家走到一起，談?wù)摰囊粋€重要話題就是中華民族在21世紀(jì)的強(qiáng)盛。The current visit to Taiwan for

16、exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has enabled us to see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances. An important topic for discussing at our gatherings was the prosperity of Chinese nation in the 21st century.名家論譯（Celebrities on Translation）楊絳：原文冗長的復(fù)句，可以包含主句，分句如果必定要按原著一句還它一

17、句，就達(dá)不出原文的意義，所以斷句是免不了的。方法是分清這一句的主句、分句以及各種詞組；并認(rèn)明以上部分的從屬關(guān)系，在這個基礎(chǔ)上把原句斷成幾句，重新組織，不論原句怎樣曲折復(fù)雜，讀懂了總分的清。3) Notes and comments1. It is recommended that business travelers prepare for country visits by reading travel guides, which are located in the travel section of most libraries and bookstores: 我們建議商務(wù)旅行者通過閱讀

18、旅游指南對到訪國有所準(zhǔn)備，旅游指南在大多數(shù)圖書館和書店的旅游柜臺。It is recommended that 被動句可在主語加“我們”使句子完整又符合漢語習(xí)慣。Section譯為柜臺。2. Lack of familiarity with the business practices, social customs, and etiquette of a country can weaken a countrys position in the market, prevent it from accomplishing its objects, and ultimately lead to

19、failure: 不熟悉商務(wù)習(xí)慣、社會風(fēng)俗和一個國家的禮儀會削弱一個公司在市場上的地位， 妨礙完成公司的目標(biāo)并最終導(dǎo)致失敗。句中Lack of familiarity with 可譯為不熟悉。3. A misunderstanding over gesture is a common occurrence in intercultural communication, and misinterpretation along these lines can lead to business complications and social embarrassment: 在跨文化交際中，對手勢的誤

20、解經(jīng)常發(fā)生，這些過程中的曲解就會導(dǎo)致商務(wù)的復(fù)雜化和社交的困窘。Misunderstanding 意為“誤解”，無意識；而misinterpretation意為“曲解”則有意識。4. A series of geological accidents has made Australia one of the worlds most attractive countries from the tourists point of view. 地質(zhì)史上，這塊土地的面貌形態(tài)發(fā)生了一系列變化，使澳大利亞成了旅游者眼中世界上最吸引人的國家之一。這里geological accidents譯為地質(zhì)史上，fro

21、m the tourists point of view譯為旅游者眼中。5. 登上日觀峰，舉目遠(yuǎn)眺，只見山外有山，景外有景，無限風(fēng)光，攝人心魂。When we reach the Riguan Peak and look around in the distance, we will find ourselves carried away in involuntary admiration by the overpowering endless vistas of mountains beyond mountains and scenery beyond scenery. 這里“山外有山，景外

22、有景” 譯為“mountains beyond mountains and scenery beyond scenery”較符合英文的習(xí)慣。6十二億人口的中國保持穩(wěn)定和加快發(fā)展, 對促進(jìn)亞太地區(qū)和世界的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展具有極其重要的意義。有兩種譯法：China is a country with 1.2 billion people. Its stability and rapid 3development are of vital importance to the stability and development in Asia-Pacific and the world at large.（

23、分譯）Or: The stability and rapid development of China, which has a population of 1.2 billion, are of vital importance to the stability and development in Asia-Pacific and the world at large.（保持原句結(jié)構(gòu)）7貴校已故的史密斯教授, 就是畢生從事中國歷史文化研究的知名學(xué)者。也可以采用下面兩種方法翻譯：The late Professor Smith was a well-known scholar from yo

24、ur university. He devoted all his life to the study of Chinese history and culture. (分譯)Or: The late Professor Smith from your university was a well-known scholar who devoted all his life to the study of Chinese history and culture. （使用從句）8.這里的每個季節(jié)都有獨(dú)特的魅力。春天，綠茵茵的山坡上，爭其斗艷的花朵到處可見。夏天，泰山的雷暴雨堪稱奇觀。秋天，楓樹葉漫

25、山遍野，蔚藍(lán)色的河水穿流而行。冬天，雪蓋群峰松披霜，景觀素雅悲壯，別有一番情趣。Each season here has its beauty: bright flowers in full bloom covering the green slopes in spring, spectacular summer thunderstorms which are rarely seen elsewhere, blue rivers running across the mountains overlaid with red maple leaves in fall, and snow-cappe

26、d mountains and frosted pine trees in winter that stage a quiet grandeur spectacle of particular interest. 這里“雪蓋群峰松披霜”直譯為“snow-capped mountains and frosted pine trees”。9.位于中國東部的泰山一直被視為吉祥之地。古代帝王擇泰山登臨，供食祭品，祭祀天地，為國家的繁榮祥和而祈禱。Mount Tai, located in East China, has been regarded as a propitious place. Anci

27、ent emperors prayed for the countrys prosperity and peace by offering sacrifices to Heaven and Earth on Mount Tai.句中“擇泰山登臨”意譯為“prayed for the countrys prosperity and peace”這里把基督教的祈禱pray 文化依植如佛教的供拜。4) Exercises and Homework AssignmentTranslate the following English sentences into Chinese or vice vers

28、a.(1) (2) In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear thatthey will be killed in battle feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer.(3) An outsiderReference version(1)(2)如果年輕人由于某種原因認(rèn)為自己有可能在戰(zhàn)斗中死去，想到生活所能

29、提供的最美好的東西自己全部無法享受，覺得受了騙，而感到痛苦，這是無可指責(zé)的。(3)Assignment:1. There was no haste or restlessness in his manner but a poised friendliness.2. Koppel entered and was flabbergasted when his patient took his pineapple juice without awhimper.3. She felt the need of a breath of fresh air and a drink of water, but

30、 did not venture to stir.4. Crowding down to the water are rows of low houses, dirty and dark, inhabited by countless 4thousands of poor folk, whose days are spent in unending toil and the struggle to keep alive.5. The discovery of surplus value suddenly threw light on the problem, in trying to solv

31、e whichall previous investigations, of both bourgeois economists and social critics, had been groping in the dark.Suggested answers:1. 他從容不迫，和藹可親。2 柯柏走了進(jìn)來，看見他的病人毫無怨言地喝下菠蘿汁，驚奇地目瞪口呆。3 她感到需要呼吸一些新鮮空氣，喝些水，但是她不敢動。4 沿河擠滿了一排排又暗又黑的矮房子，不計(jì)其數(shù)的窮苦百姓居住在這里，他們經(jīng)年累月永無休止地辛苦干活，掙扎著活下去。5 由于剩余價值的發(fā)現(xiàn)，這里就豁然開朗了，而先前無論資產(chǎn)階級經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家或者

32、社會主義批評家所做的一切研究都只是在黑暗中摸索。5) AssessmentAccording to the result of translation versions, most of students can grasp the translation skill about splitting in this unit. Also, students learn how to translate the related articles about travel business with splitting method. However, they still made some m

33、istakes here and there in the translation version.Unit 2 Knowledge Economy. ObjectivesAfter studying this unit, the Students (abbr.Ss) should know what knowledge economy is and be able to translate the articles on knowledge economy as well as master the translation skill about transferred epithet so

34、 as to translate the articles on knowledge economy into Chinese or vice versa.Detailed plan1. Teaching Methods: student-oriented2. Teaching Periods: 4Periods3. Key points:1) To know the general background knowledge of what knowledge economy is;2) To understand the translation skills in focus about t

35、ransferred epithet;3) To translate the texts appropriately paying special attention to notes and commentsbehind the texts;4) To finish tasks for translation exercises behind the texts.4. Difficult points:1) To understand the translational skill in focus about transferred epithet;2) To translate the

36、texts appropriately paying special attention to notes and commentsbehind the texts.5. Teaching procedures1) Lead-in work(1)What is knowledge economy?It is a focal point with its characteristics of being speedy, global and knowledge-driven in 21st century and we will not succeed until knowledge econo

37、my is highly respected actively. Knowledge economy is short for economy based on knowledge, namely, such kind of economy is based upon intelligence resources of intense knowledge and the role that information, technology and learning play in our economic activities is becoming more and more focused.

38、 As a formal concept, the knowledge economy was first seen by the international society in the document entitled The Knowledge-based Economy issued by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development（OECD）in Paris in 1996. And the knowledge-based economy was defined as an economy which is

39、based on the production, allocation and utility of knowledge and information.(2) How does it compare with other forms of economy?It contrasts with agricultural economy and industrial economy. Agricultural economy is based on vase tract of farm-land and numerous labors while industrial economy is bas

40、ed on the refinery and processing and manufacturing of natural and mineral resources and materials with huge consumption of raw materials and energy, but knowledge economy is mainly based on constantly innovated knowledge and uses it as the first driving force. This economy is a new mode of economy

41、to find a solution to the problems such as natural resources becoming increasingly scarce so as to pursue a new development option or opportunity.Compared with the industrial economy, knowledge economy boasts its merits of employing appropriate sum of resources and funds, it is based on as well as g

42、ives full play to intellectual resources and the functions of knowledge and it also depends on the accumulation and utility of 6effective information. The purpose is to enhance the harmony between human beings and the nature and to promote sustainable development. It can better represent the law of

43、value which cares both the economic development and human progress.2) Skill in focus: transferred epithetTransferred epithet is a figure of speech in which the epithet is transferred from the appropriate noun to modify another to which it does not really belong. 移就修辭格在作品中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，能收到以少勝多、含蘊(yùn)深遠(yuǎn)的表達(dá)效果。什么是移就

44、呢？在辭海解釋如下：甲乙兩項(xiàng)關(guān)聯(lián)，就把原來屬于形容甲事物的修飾語移屬乙事物，叫移就。唐鋮修辭格說：兩個觀念聯(lián)系在一起時，一個的形容詞常常移用于他一個上頭。移就是一種超乎常格的語言現(xiàn)象，也是詞語搭配的創(chuàng)造性運(yùn)用。通過詞語的移用，將人的情緒、狀態(tài)同事物聯(lián)系起來，不需要耗費(fèi)更多的筆墨，極簡練地把人的情緒、思想、性格鮮明地表達(dá)出來，或?qū)⑹挛锏男螤?、本質(zhì)突出出來，而且使語言出奇制勝，富于變化，饒有情趣。移就的種類：移人于物和移物于物。好像有點(diǎn)與擬人和擬物類似。移人于物，就是把原來形容人的修飾語移用于物。如：郁達(dá)夫還鄉(xiāng)記中：我女人經(jīng)過的悲哀的足跡，現(xiàn)在有我一步步的踐踏過去！悲哀原是表現(xiàn)人的心情悲涼、哀傷，

45、這里用來修飾足跡。朱自清荷塘月色中：葉子底下是脈脈的流水。脈脈是指默默地用眼神或行動表達(dá)情意，形容人含情的樣子，有脈脈含情盈盈一水間，脈脈不得語之詞句，這里卻用來修飾流水。陸游過采石有感：明日重尋石頭路，醉鞍誰與共聯(lián)翩。醉的本是放翁，表現(xiàn)其情態(tài)，這里卻移用于鞍。移物于物，把形容甲事物的修飾語移用于乙事物。如：魯迅紀(jì)念劉和珍君中把描摹顏色的濃黑用來修飾悲涼，表現(xiàn)悲涼的沉重濃烈：我將深味這非人間的濃黑的悲涼峻青海濱仲夏夜中晚霞原不會燃燒，這里卻把此詞移用來形容晚霞的形態(tài)和色彩。西邊的天空，還燃燒著一片橘紅色的晚霞。李瑛一月的哀思中把描摹顏色的蒼白同來修飾日子，表現(xiàn)日子讓人傷慟：我不相信，一九七六年

46、的日歷，會埋藏著這樣蒼白的日子。移就在英語中是比較常用的一種修辭格。要求語言簡練含蓄,表情達(dá)意豐富深刻,往往意在言外。作為聽者或讀者一般只可意會,不可言傳。但是,作為譯者不僅要意會還要言傳。要做到這一點(diǎn),既要對原文中的移就修辭格進(jìn)行充分的理解,而且還要運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)姆g手段將這一生動形象的修辭手段完美地傳譯出來。1.直譯對那些較容易理解的或其表達(dá)方式與漢語相同或相近的英語移就修辭格可以采取直譯的方式進(jìn)行傳譯。這樣在形式上和功能上都實(shí)現(xiàn)了與原語的對等,既保持了原語的簡潔含蓄,又不影響讀者或聽者的理解。例如:1) I was surprised to find him living in such d

47、rab and cheerless surroundings.我意外地發(fā)現(xiàn)他住在如此單調(diào)而陰郁的環(huán)境中。2) The indefatigable bell now sounded for the fourth time. 那不知疲倦的鐘聲現(xiàn)在敲第四遍了。3) The sailors swarmed into a laughing and cheering ring around the two men.水手們蜂擁而至,匯成歡笑與呼喊的一圈,把那兩人圍在中心。4) His foot made a slight reproachful sound.他的腳步發(fā)出了微微的責(zé)備聲。2.位置還原翻譯英語中

48、移就的主要特點(diǎn)是將修飾語移位,這種移位有時如果照直翻譯可能會導(dǎo)致行文不符合漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣,從而影響譯文效果。這時,可以采取位置還原的翻譯方法,將修飾語置于它本來應(yīng)該修飾的中心詞前,即將被轉(zhuǎn)移的修飾語游離于它所修飾的表層結(jié)構(gòu)而還原到深層結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:1) I enjoy the clean voluptuousness of the warm breeze on my skin and the cool support of the 7water. 我喜愛那清新的暖風(fēng)吹拂在我的皮膚上使我陶然欲醉的快感,也喜愛那涼爽的流水把我的身體托浮在水面的愜意。(原語中的cool被轉(zhuǎn)移用來修飾support,譯

49、文將其還原到water上。) （章振邦譯）賞析：voluptuousness不會clean,是breeze clean, support不會cool,是water cool，這種甲乙兩項(xiàng)相關(guān)聯(lián)，就把原屬于形容甲的修飾語移屬于乙的修飾手法叫移就(transferred epithet)（英語修辭賞析，第145頁）。在翻譯帶有移就修辭手法的英語句子時，有時需要按照漢語習(xí)慣將屬于甲的修飾語還給甲，章振邦先生在這個譯例里就做了這種處理。除此之外，譯者還進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)上的調(diào)整，將原句拆譯為兩個排比句，加強(qiáng)了譯句的表現(xiàn)力。譯句的選詞也極為考究，整個譯句讀來音韻流動，口齒生香。2)Her hair was ca

50、relessly done, inquisitive wisps stooped often over her forehead to peep at the dark wonder of her eyes.她的頭發(fā)只是隨便地梳了一下,幾綹兒常搭在額上的頭發(fā)就像打探的人兒,窺視著她充滿好奇的黑眼睛。(原語中的dark被轉(zhuǎn)移用來修飾wonder,譯文將其還原到eyes上。)3.狀語化翻譯移就修辭格中被轉(zhuǎn)移的修飾語與被修飾的中心詞在表層結(jié)構(gòu)上往往是一種定語關(guān)系,但在深層結(jié)構(gòu)中實(shí)際上往往表示一種方式。因此,在翻譯時我們可以將原語中作定語的被轉(zhuǎn)移的修飾語譯為相應(yīng)的狀語。例如:1) Rushing th

51、rongs, blinded by the darkness and the smoke, rushed up one street and down the next, trampling the fallen in a crazy fruitless dash toward safety.在黑暗和濃煙中盲目狂奔的人群,穿街過巷,踐踏著倒下的軀體,慌亂地向著安全的地方?jīng)_闖,結(jié)果卻是徒勞。2) Sometimes they threw (him) bits of food, and got scant thanks; sometimes a mischievous pebble, and a

52、shower of stones and abuses.有時,人們朝他扔去零碎食物,卻很少聽到感謝;有時,人們惡作劇似地扔去塊卵石,得到的卻是暴風(fēng)雨般的石頭和謾罵。3) The question was met with an awkward silence. 問題提了出來,大家卻都難堪地默不作聲。4) But above all I love these long purposeless days in which I shed all that I have ever been. 我尤其喜愛那些漫長的歲月,我可以漫無目的地混日子,完全擺脫我過去那種(緊張)狀態(tài)。4.分譯法有時,移就修辭格中

53、被轉(zhuǎn)移的修飾語在深層結(jié)構(gòu)上表示的是某種情況或行為,在翻譯時便可將其分出來單獨(dú)翻譯成句子中的成分,而不需要將其與所修飾的中心詞進(jìn)行捆綁翻譯。例如: Franklin Roosevelt listened with bright-eyed, smiling attention.本句的深層結(jié)構(gòu)有三個:a.Franklin D Roosevelt was bright-eyed. b.Franklin Roosevelt was smiling. c.Franklin Roosevelt listened with attention.因此,在翻譯時,可將此三層意思分別譯出。譯文為:弗蘭克林羅斯福面帶

54、微笑,目光炯炯,在聚精會神地聽著。They prolonged the clasp for the photo- grapher, exchanging smiling words.從深層結(jié)構(gòu)看,本文的移就修辭格含有兩層意思:a. They were smiling. b. They were exchanging words. 所以,在翻譯時可將它們分別譯出:他們相互問候著,微笑著,長時間地握著手,給攝影師留下足夠的時間。再如: There was an amazed silence. Slowly Alexander turned away. 人們一陣驚訝,都默不作聲。亞歷山大慢慢地轉(zhuǎn)過身

55、去。She sat there with embarrassed delight. 她坐在那里,既尷尬,又高興。The educated college-woman can influence her childrens education by taking an intelligent, informed interest in it. 受過大學(xué)教育的婦女自身聰穎睿智,見多識廣,對教育頗感興趣。因此,也就能夠影響其子女的教育。5.融合法英語移就修辭格有時運(yùn)用的十分巧妙,必須將其納入整個句子中加以綜合理解才能得出其真正要表達(dá)的深層含義或妙不可言之所在。此時,要將其言外之意有效地加以傳達(dá)便需要

56、 8對原文進(jìn)行充分的理解,然后將其融為一體加以表達(dá)。例如:A dirty-yellow sky had threatened rain all day and a hollow stillness hung over the valley.本句中的被轉(zhuǎn)移了的修飾語hollow和中心詞stillness實(shí)際上表現(xiàn)了兩個方面:一個有形,一個無形。山谷因靜寂而空曠,反過來山谷的空曠又平添了幾分靜寂。用hollow修飾stillness就是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)突出山谷的這一特點(diǎn),凝練而富有表現(xiàn)力。因此,在翻譯時要考慮到其語義的相互補(bǔ)充、相互滲透的因素而進(jìn)行融合。譯文為:那天天色昏暗,整天卻像要下雨的樣子,空蕩蕩的

57、山谷一片靜寂。再如: All that sleepless night I replayed the moment those black gloves came up to the car window. 當(dāng)晚我徹夜不眠,眼前不時重現(xiàn)那副黑手套伸向車窗的一瞬間。Lazy clouds drifted across the sky. 白云悠悠。After an unthinking moment, she put the pen into her mouth. 想了一會兒,她還是沒有什么頭緒,便將筆咬在嘴角。People listened with open-mouthed astonishm

58、ent while the shocking news sank in. 人們領(lǐng)悟到這駭人聽聞的消息之后,都驚訝得目瞪口呆。After six years of married childlessness, the father was suddenly presented by his wife with a pair of twins. (他們)結(jié)婚6年無子女之后,妻子卻出人意料地給丈夫生了一對雙胞胎。3) Notes and comments1. What this means is that business must be in a constant process of change and adaptation to thenew economic realities.這意味著商業(yè)處在一個不斷變化的過程中，必須適應(yīng)新的經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn) 實(shí)。What this means is that 主語從句采取意譯的方法，可譯成這意味著。2. In this new economy, it is