牛津譯林版中考動詞專題復習學案設計(含部分答案)

1、考點一、動詞的分類中考英語必備動詞短語分類come短語1. come on 加油，快點2. come in 進來3. come out出版，發(fā)表4. come back 回來5. come from 來自6. come over順便來訪7. come true 實現(xiàn)8. come up with 提出，想出get短語9. get down下來，記下，使沮喪10. get on進展，進步，穿上，上車11. get off脫下，下車12. get away逃跑，逃脫，去休假13. get over克服，從疾病中恢復14. get along with 進展，相處15. get into （trou

2、ble）陷入困境中16. get back取回，收回17. get to 到達18. get in 收割give短語19. give away 捐贈20. give back 歸還21. give in屈服，讓步22. give out分發(fā)，散發(fā)23. give up 放棄pick短語24. pick up拾起，撿起，拿起，收聽，用車 接送客人、貨物，收拾、整理25. pick out 挑選take短語26. take off （飛機）起飛，脫掉（衣服）27. take in吸收，上當；改小衣服28. take away 拿走29. take out 取出30. take on雇傭，呈現(xiàn)31.

3、 take down 取下32. take up占據(jù)時間、空間，開始從事，拿 起33. take time 花費 （時間 ）52. point out 指出34. take turns 輪流35. take it easy別著急，慢慢來put 短語36. put up 張貼，舉起37. put out 伸出，撲滅38. put off 推遲39. put away 放好，存錢40. put down 記下，平息41. put on 穿戴，上映，42. put aside 放到一邊down 短語43. break down 壞了，垮了，分解44.take down記下，記錄45.turn dow

4、n調小，拒絕46.cut down削減，砍倒47.passdown傳下來48.put down記下，寫下，鎮(zhèn)壓49.calm down平靜下來50.come down下落，傳下out 短語53. pick out 選出54. figure out 算出，理解55. carry out 執(zhí)行，進行56. hold out 堅持下去57. set out 出發(fā)，著手，擺放58. turn out 結果是，生產(chǎn)，培養(yǎng)59. make out 理解，看清楚60. come out 出版，出來up 短語61. grow up 成長，長大62. give up 放棄，獻出63. build up 建立64

5、. set up 架起、建立65. put up 搭起， 架起， 安裝， 住宿， 張貼， 蓋起66. pick up 拾起，學會，用車，來接，收 聽到67. bring up 撫養(yǎng)，嘔吐，提出出現(xiàn)68. turn up 開大（音量等）69. stay up 挺住，熬夜70. take up 開始學，從事，占據(jù)71. make up 構成，組成編造 彌補72. speed up 加快速度73. look up 查找，找出51. break out 爆發(fā)74. catch up 趕上76. break up 分解75. hold up耽擱，使停頓情態(tài)動詞考點二、情態(tài)動詞概述:（一）不同情態(tài)動詞的否

6、定意義情態(tài)動詞的否定形式詞義問答Needn' t不必You needn' tmeet himunless you ' d like to.用于 must /need提問的否定回答Must I do it at once ?No , you needn :/ tdon' have to.Mustn ' t禁止People under 18 years old mustn' t go inside.MT can /may 提問表要求，請求時的否定回答May/Can I dance here?No, you mustn ' t (canCan&

7、#39; t不可能,一定不是He can' tbe ill. He isplaying basketball用于“May I？ ”問句的否定回答May I come in ?No, you can ' t.May not可能不He may not get the right address.不用于回答t).（二）情態(tài)動詞辨析:1. can 和 may（1）在肯定句中用 may不用can;(2)在疑問句中用can不用may;(3)在否定句中，若語氣肯定，表示 不可能”時用cannot,若語氣不肯定，表示 可能不” 時用may not2. have to 和 must(1)、hav

8、e to表示客觀白需要，must表示說話人主觀上的必要。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請來。He said that they must work hard.他說他們必須努力工作。(2)、在否定結構中：don 't have to 表示 不必”mustn' t 表示禁止“你不一定要把此事告訴他。You don 't have to tell him about it.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。You mus

9、tn' t tell him about it.【中考真題演練】1. 一 I know by what time you want the project to be done?By the day after tomorrow.you finish it on time?A. May; Can B. Must; Need C. Could; Must D. Need; Would 【答案】A2. -Who' s singing in the garden?It be Mr. Brown. He always practices singing at this time.A.

10、mustB. canC. need3. I follow you. Would you please repeat it?A. can t B. mustn t C. needn t D. shouldn t【答案】A4. Must I hand in my homework now, Mr. Smith? No, you .A. can t B. shouldn t C. wouldn t D. needn t【答案】D5. Excuse me, may I keep the book a little longer? Sorry. You return it today.A. must B

11、. mustn t C. can D. can t【答案】A6. Is the man over there Mr. Brown? It him. He has gone to Brazil to watch the FIFA World Cup.A. may not B. can t be C. shouldn t D. mustn t【答案】B時態(tài)和語態(tài)考點三、動詞時態(tài)（一）結構1 .一般現(xiàn)在時：謂語動詞用原形或第三人稱單數(shù)。2 .一般過去時：謂語用動詞的過去式3.一般將來時：謂語用will/be going to +do4 .現(xiàn)在進行時：謂語用5 .現(xiàn)在完成時：謂語用6 .過去進行時：謂

12、語用7 .過去完成時：謂語用8 .過去將來時：謂語用am/is/are+doing have/has+done were/was+doing had+donewould 或 was/were going to+do（二）動詞各種時態(tài)的用法1、一般現(xiàn)在時與一般現(xiàn)在時連用的時間狀語 表示頻度的副詞 always, often, usually, sometimes等。 on Sundays, on Monday afternoon, every day, in the morning, every year等時間狀語。 once a year, twice a month 、 three time

13、s a week 之類的表示頻率的詞組?！就瓿删渥印浚篢om often helps his parents do housework at home.湯姆在家經(jīng)常幫助父母做家務。I often go to school by bike. _我經(jīng)常騎自行車去上學。The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉。If it rains tomorrow , we won ' t go to the park如果明天下雨, 我們就不去公園了。2、一般過去時和一般過去時連用的時間狀語last night, yesterday, last week, some ye

14、ars ago, in 1995 ,in the past, the other day, at that time, just now 等。【完成句子】：Last week Tom made a model plane with his friend Jack.上周湯姆和他的朋友杰克做了個飛機模型。We visited the factory last week.上周我們參觀了那個工廠。When I was in the countryside , I often swam in the river.當我在鄉(xiāng)下時.我常常在河里游泳。3、一般將來時(1) 與一般將來時連用的時間狀語：tomor

15、row , next week , in a few days , next Sunday,in+一段時間，in 2020等?！就瓿删渥印浚篢hey will leave for Shanghai next week. 他們下周將去上海。Where shall we meet tomorrow ? 明天我們在哪里會面?Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm.看那此烏云, 暴風雨就要來臨了。(客觀跡象)(2) 常用 be doing 表示將來結構的動詞有go, come, leave, stay, start, begin 等，

16、表示即將發(fā)生或安排好要做的事情。【完成句子】：We are leaving for London. 我們就要動身去倫敦了。She is going there tomorrow. 她明天要去那里。(3)當主句為一般將來時態(tài)時，在 if, as soon as, until , when等引導的狀語從句中用一般 現(xiàn)在時替代一般將來時。【完成句子】：If it doesn ' t rain this aftenooai ll have a football match.如果今天下午不下雨，我們將進行一場足球比賽。4、現(xiàn)在進行時(1)連用的時間狀語：now, these days等或當句子中

17、含有 look, listen, can you see, can' t yousee之類的暗示詞時，要使用現(xiàn)在進行時(2) go, leave, arrive, start等動詞用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來?！就瓿删渥印浚篗r. Green is writing another novel. 格林先生正在寫另一本小說。They are studying hard this term.他們這學期學習一直很努力。5、現(xiàn)在完成時(1) 常與下列詞語連用： a. already, yet, just, ever, never, before, recently等；b._"since寸間點”

18、或“fo時間段”所構成的表示一段時間的狀語.I have lived here for more than twenty years. 我住這兒已經(jīng) 20 多年了。I have lived here since I was born. 從我出生起我就住這兒。用現(xiàn)在(2)用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句型It is the first / second time. that 結構中的從句部分,完成時。It is the first time that I have visited the city.這是我第一次訪問這城市。This is the first time (that) I've heard

19、 him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。(3) has gone to, has been to, has been in表示巴去了某地"，總之現(xiàn)在還未回來has gone to表示 過去曾去過某地”，總之現(xiàn)在已不在該地has been to表示 巴在某地(待了多久)”has been in【完成句子】：Jim has gone to London with his family. Jim 和他的家人去了倫敦。Have you been to Beijing before? 你以前去過北京嗎?The Greens have been in China for two years.

20、 Greens 一家在中國兩年了。(4)延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞將非延續(xù)性動詞轉化為延續(xù)性動詞非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞buyhavecatch a coldhave a coldborrowkeepput onwearopenbe openget upbe upclosebe closedwake upbe awakebegin/startbe onfall asleepbe asleepcomebe herelosebe 10stgobe outjoinbe in +組織機構 / be amember of+ 組織機構finishbe overleavebe away f

21、romdiebe deadarrive/reachbe ( in )【完成句子】：I have been away from this school for eight years. 我離開這所學校已八年了。He has kept my dictionary for two days. 他借用我的詞典已兩天了。6、過去進行時連用的詞語： a.過去的時間狀語 then, at eight last night 、 At this moment yesterday 、 this morning; all day; from nine to ten last evening, When I came

22、 to see he門ast timeb.與always等時間副詞連用.表示過去頻繁發(fā)生的習慣性動作，帶有一定的感情色彩?！就瓿删渥印浚篐e was reading when I came in. 當我進來時，他正在讀書。I was doing my homework while my parents were watching TV .當我父母看電視的時候，我正在做作業(yè)。Alice was always changing her mind. 艾麗絲總是在改變主意。1. - What were you doing this time yesterday? （2011 中考題）-I on the

23、 grass and drawing a picture.A. sitB. satC. am sitting D. was sitting2. It heavily when I left the cinema.A. rainsB. will rainC. is rainingD. was raining7、過去完成時與過去完成時連用的時間狀語有：by last week, by the end of last year等【完成句子】：She had left by the time I arrived. 我到達以前，她已經(jīng)離開了。He had lived in Shanghai for te

24、n years before he came here.在他來這之前，他已在上海住了十年了。Li Lei died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 李雷昨天去世了。他是我一個好朋友。8、過去將來時go, come, leave, arrive, start等動詞，其過去進行時表示過去按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作【完成句子】：He said he would buy some fruit for his sister. 他說他要給他妹妹買些水果。He asked when the meeting would end.他問會議什么時候結束。He

25、said he was coming this evening.他,t兌他，今天晚上來?！局锌颊骖}演練】1. I know a little about Thailand, as I D there three years ago.A. have beenB. have goneC. will goD. went2. 一 Linda, I called you this morning, but nobody answered the phone.一I ' m sorry. I D football with my friends then.A. playB. playedC. am

26、playingD. was playing3. The astronaut is so tired that he A for eleven hours.A. has been asleepB. has fallen asleepC. has gone to bedD. has gone to sleep4. 一 My car B . Could you please give me a ride tomorrow?一I ' m sorry I can ' t. I ' London tomorrow morning.A. is new; leavingB. has b

27、roken down; leaving forC. broke; leaving forD. is expensive; leaving5. I have been to Shanghai. I B there last month.D. will goA. goB. wentC. have gone6. Traveling to space is no longer just a dream. Russia D_the first hotel in space in the nearfuture.A buildsB. will buildC. build D has build7. Wher

28、e's Tom? His mother A him now. （2011 中考題）A. is looking for B. will look for8. What ' s your father doing now?A. cleanedB. cleans9. he reporter said that the UFO AC. has looked for D. looks for-He D_2the0rooO）C. has cleaned D. is cleaningeast to west when he saw it.A. was traveling B. travele

29、dC. had been traveling D. was to travel10. 一 What were you doing when Tony phoned you?I had just finished my work and D to take a shower.A. had started B. startedC. have started D. was starting11. 一 You were out when I dropped in at your house.Oh, I A for a friend from England at the airport.A. was

30、waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. has waited12. I _C along the street looking for a place to park when the accident A. went; was occurringB. went; occurredC. was going; occurredD. was going; had occurred13. I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.Impossible. She D_ T

31、V with me in my home then.A. watchedB. had watchedC. would watchD. was watching14. In the last few years thousands of films B allover the word.A. have producedB. have been producedC. are producingD. are being produced15. Up to now, the program _D thousands of children who would otherwise have died.A

32、. would save B. savesC. had saved D. has saved16. 一 When shall we restart our business?一 Not until we D_ our plan.A. will finishB. are finishing C. are to finish D. have finished分析：D。由于until引導的是時間狀語從句，所以不能直接使用將來時態(tài)，由此可排除 A; 再根據(jù)句意和常識可知，人們通常是先制定計劃，然后付諸實施，故空格處填現(xiàn)在完成時比較符合句子語境。17. - Did you go to the show

33、last night? Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area invited.A. wereB. have been C. has been D. was分析：D。此題既考查時態(tài)的用法，同時又考查主語一致。根據(jù)問句中的時態(tài)和last night這一短語可知，此處談的是昨晚的事，故應用一般過去時，而不用 現(xiàn)在完成時。另外，根據(jù) 英語語法，當兩個或多個名詞并列作主語， 且受到every的修飾時，其后謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。故答案選D18. 一 What is the price of petrol these days?-Oh, it sharply since la

34、st month.A. is raisedB. has risenC. has arisen D. is increased分析：Bo根據(jù)句中的時間狀語since last month可知，句子應用現(xiàn)在完成時，故可排除A和 增加"。故選B。又如：It ' s rained steadily since last Saturday.從上星期六以來一直下雨。Do arise意為“出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生，（煙等）從升起”;rise意為“（價格、溫度、量等）上升、19. His sister left home in 1998, and since.A. had not been heard o

35、fB. has not been heard ofC. had not heard ofD. has not heard of分析：Bo根據(jù)句末的副詞 since可知，句子應用現(xiàn)在完成時，故可排除選項 A和C;再根 據(jù)his sister和謂語hear of之間的動賓關系，可確定答案為 B。句意為：他妹妹1998年離家 后再也沒有消息。20. This is the first time we a film in the cinema together as a family.A. seeB. had seen C. sawD. have seen分析：D。根據(jù)英語習慣，在 It / This

36、 / That is the first / second time+(that) 句型中，從句一 般用現(xiàn)在完成時。句意為：這是我們作為一家人第一次在電影院看電影。又如：This is the firsttime I ' ve seen you wearing a dress!我第一次看至U你穿一件連衣裙考點四、動詞的語態(tài)：(一)常見時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)表一般時態(tài)進行時態(tài)元成時態(tài)現(xiàn)在amisdoneareamisbeing donearehasbeen donehave過去wasdonewerewasbeing donewerehad been done1 .在主動結構中跟不帶to的

37、動詞不定式作賓語補足語，在變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構時，不定式應加上to 的詞： make, see, hear, watch, notice, observe, listen to2 .主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時不可省略介詞的動詞短語：100k after/ take care of/listen to/ talkto/speak to/ laugh at3 .不使用被動語態(tài)的詞語：appear, die disappear, end （vi. 結束），fail, happen, last, lie,remain, sit, spread, stand不使用被動語態(tài)的短語：break out, come tr

38、ue, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, takeplace.【練習】1. - What languages _B in that country'?German and EnglishA. are speaking B. are spokenC. speakD. is spoken2. The mobile phone has influenced people' s life a lot since it D.A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented3. On Ju

39、ne 11th, 2013,Shenzhou-10 carrying three astronauts C_ into space from the spacecenter in Jiuquan. All the Chinese people are proud of its successful launch.A. sent upB. are sent upC. was sent up4. This listening material, together with its CD -ROMs, A well.A. sellsB. sellC. is soldD. are sold5. The

40、 sports meeting C next month.A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held6. TeenagersAallowed to drive.A. should not be B. should be notC. not should be7. “ Do you like the material? "" Yes, it C very soft.”A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt8. All the employees except the manager D

41、 to work online at home.A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged9. The window is dirty. I know. It D for weeks.A. hasn ' t cleaned B. didn ' t clean C. wasn' t cleaned D. hasn ' t been cleaned10. More patients D in hospital this year than last year.A. treatedB. h

42、ave treated C. had been treated D. have been treated11. - I don ' t suppose the police know who did it. Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and B now.A. has been questioned B. is being questionedC. is questioning D. has questioned12. Great changes A in China since 1978 .A. have t

43、aken placeB. took placeC. have been taken place D. were taken place13. All the employees except the manager to work online at home.A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged解析：主語是 all the employees（復數(shù)），而不是the manager,排除答案 A和C;又因allthe employees與encourage是被動關系，要用被動語態(tài)，排除 B,故選 D14. H

44、undreds of jobs if the factory closes.A. loseB. will be lost C. are lost D. will lost解析：因lose與jobs是被動關系，排除 A和D;又因條件狀語從句是一般現(xiàn)在時，主句中的謂語動詞應當是一般將來時，故選 Bo非謂語動詞考點五、非謂語動詞(一)、動詞不定式1、 It is +adj.+ of / for sb. to do sth.It is very kind ofyou to help us.It is difficult for us to learn English well.2、常見的接 to do

45、 的動詞有：agree, begin, choose, dare, decide, expect, forget, hate, hope, learn, like, love, need, offer, prefer, promise, refuse, remember, start, try, want, wish, would like 等： 常 用的有 would like, want, decide, learn, need, refuse, agree, plan, expect, wish ?？谠E1：想要決定學習，需要同意計劃，希望不要拒絕。3、find / think / con

46、sider / feel 等 + it + n. / adj. + to do sth 相當于其后所接的賓語從句Some students find (that) it is difficult to study English.=Some students find it difficult to study EnglishI think / consider (that) it is wrong to do like that.=I think / consider it wrong to do like that注意：在“find /think / consider/ feel 等 +

47、it + n. / adj. + to do sth.句型中，當賓語補足語是“nouse或no good 時，應改用 doing sth.形式。I think it no use fighting each other. 我認為彼此開戰(zhàn)沒什么用。I feel it no good only remembering the grammar rules in language learning.我覺得在語言學習過程中僅僅記憶語法規(guī)則沒多大好處。4、sb + to do結構的動詞有： allow, ask, beg, enable, encourage, expect, find, get, hat

48、e, help, invite, like, order, prefer, tell, wait for, want, warn, wish, would like 等。?？键c： ask/ tell sb. (not) to do sth.口訣2:讓想要希望，鼓勵說服允許 三 二二， 一一一5、不帶to的不定式。(1)使役動詞 let, have, make 后, 感官動詞 see, watch, 100k at, notice, observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后。但在被動結木中要帶 to (let 除外)。例如:口訣3:吾看三室兩廳

49、一感覺，半幫助打死也不吐。例： They heard him sing a song in the meeting room.The boy saw two men enter the house.(2)常見的一些省略to的動詞不定式的句式Why not do ，had better (not) do，would rather do，could/would/will you please (not) do(二)、動名詞1、跟動名詞作賓語的動詞有：enjoy, finish, mind, miss, be worth, practice, have fun, havetrouble/proble

50、m (in), spend, feel like, keep, stop, suggest, be used to 等?？谠E4 (適用高中)：完成實踐值得忙 ( finish, practice, be worth, be busy )繼續(xù)習，慣另U放棄 ( keep on, be used to, give up)考慮建議不禁想( consider, suggest, can ' t help, feB like喜歡思念要介意( enjoy, miss, mind )初中?？紗卧~：enjoy, mind, keep, finish, practice 等溫馨提示： be busy d

51、oing, be worth doing例：She enjoys going to the cinema.He keeps making the same mistakes.I suggest leaving now.(=that we leave now.)2、含有介詞的固定短語：make a contribution to 或 make contributions to為做貢獻devote to 獻身，致力于look forward to 期盼，盼望preferto兩者間更喜歡be used to doing sth.習慣，適應3、有些動詞或詞組后接動名詞或不定式均可，但意義稍有差別。停止

52、正在做的某事 stop doing記得做過某事 remember doing嘗試著做某事 try doing sth.意味著 mean doing sth.允許做某事 allow doing sth.建議做某事 suggest doing sth.停下來去做另一件事stop to do記得去做某事remember to do努力，盡力做某事 try to do sth.打算做某事 mean to do sth.允許某人做某事allow sb. to do sth.建議某人彳某事suggest sb. to do sth.(三)、分詞(1) 用于使役動詞或感官動詞之后，常用動詞有：see, wa

53、tch, hear, feel, smell, notice, find; have, get, leave,keep以see為例：看見正做see +賓語+ doing看見做了see +賓語+ do sth看見正在被做see +賓語+ being done看見被做see +賓語+ done我看見那個老人在過街I saw the old man crossing the street.我看見那個老人過街的I saw the old man cross the street.口訣： 吾看三室兩廳一感覺，半幫助打死也不吐。( let, make, help三個單詞除外)(2) make onesel

54、f understood 讓人聽懂make oneself heard 讓人聽見I had to speak loudly to make myself _ to be heard ( hear )(3) . used to do 過去常做* be used to ( doing ) sth.習慣于(做)某事、be used to do = be used for doing 用于做某事【練習】I found I could easily make myself by using sign language.A. understoodB. understandC. to understandD

55、. being understood【賞析】答案選，但容易誤選，即硬套“make +名詞或代詞動詞原形”這一結構。但是對于該結構同學們忽略了一點，就是該結構中的名詞或代詞應與其后動詞有邏輯上的主謂關系，而對于上面一題，myselfunderstand顯然不是主謂關系，而是動賓關系，或者說是被動關系，故此時的動詞應用過去分詞表被動。又如：(1) As a teacher, you should make yourself.A. respectB. respectingC. respectedD. to respect(2) He spoke loudly so as to make his voice A. hear B. hearing C. heardD. to hear(3) Do you know what made her so ?A. frighten B. frighten