第一節(jié)-形容詞和副詞類單詞、詞組辨析概要

1、形容詞和副詞類單詞、詞組辨析形容詞和副詞類單詞、詞組辨析1. alone,lonely【解析】 alone作形容詞或副詞,意為“獨(dú)自的(地);獨(dú)立的(地);單獨(dú)的(地)”,作表語或狀語,不可作定語。 lonely作形容詞,意為“孤單的;寂寞的;孤寂的”,既可作表語又可作定語?！九e例】 He likes living alone. 他喜歡獨(dú)居。 He is alone,but he doesnt feel lonely. 他獨(dú)自一人,但并不感到寂寞。2【應(yīng)用】( )1. The old peasant lived in a(n) _ village far away,and he often f

2、eels _. A. alone; lonely B. lonely; lonely C. alone; alone D. lonely; alone( )2. Please dont leave me _. A. lonesome B. lone C. alone D. lonely( )3. He felt even _ in the middle of this modern city even though he didnt live _. A. lonelier; alone B. more alone; lonely C. lonelier; alonely D. alone; l

3、onelyBCA32. aloud,loud,loudly【解析】 (1)aloud作副詞,意為“出聲地;大聲地”,常與read,call等動(dòng)詞連用,強(qiáng)調(diào)為了使人聽見而發(fā)聲,但聲音不一定很大,通常不用于進(jìn)行比較。 (2)loud作副詞,意為“響亮地;高聲地”,常與speak,talk,sing,laugh等動(dòng)詞連用,強(qiáng)調(diào)音量大、傳播遠(yuǎn),常用比較級(jí)形式。loud也可以作形容詞,意為“大聲的”。 (3)loudly作副詞,意為“響亮地”,其基本意義與 loud 相同,還常與 ring,knock 等動(dòng)詞連用,含有“喧鬧”或“嘈雜”的意味。 4【舉例】 Dont read aloud in the

4、library. 不要在圖書館里大聲朗讀。 Please speak louder,or no one can hear you. 請(qǐng)大聲點(diǎn)講,否則沒有人能聽到你的聲音。 Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly. 突然,墻上的鈴大聲地響起來。5【應(yīng)用】( )1. The music is too _. Please turn it down. A. loudly B. loud C. aloud D. aloudly( )2. Dont talk so _. A. loud B. loudly C. aloudly D. aloud( )3. Ple

5、ase read the letter _ so that everybody can hear you. A. aloud B. loud C. loudly D. aloudlyBBA63. be famous as.,be famous for.,be famous to.【解析】 famous意為“著名的;聞名的”,相當(dāng)于known / well-known。be famous as.意為“作為而著名”。be famous for.意為“以而著名”。 be famous to sb. 意為“廣為人知的;大家都熟悉的” 。 【舉例】 Song Zuying is famous / kno

6、wn / well-known as a great singer. 宋祖英作為一位了不起的歌唱家而聞名。 Chongqing is famous / known / well-known for its spicy food. 重慶以其辣的食物而聞名。 Chairman Mao is famous to every Chinese. 毛主席的名字廣為人知(中國(guó)人都知道毛主席)。7【應(yīng)用】( )1. Guilin is famous _ her beautiful mountains and rivers. A. as B. for C. to D. in( )2. He is famous

7、_ a great inventor. A. to B. for C. as D. with( )3. Obama is famous _ everyone in America. A. for B. to C. as D. atBCB84. everyday,every day【解析】 everyday是形容詞,意為“每天的;日常的”,后面要接被修飾的名詞。every day是副詞,意為“每天”放在句首或句末,用來修飾整個(gè)句子。 【舉例】 In our everyday (daily) life,we dont very often meet an elephant. 在日常生活中,人們很少

8、見到大象。 I dont see her every day. 我不是每天都見到她。9【應(yīng)用】( )1. She was dressed in her _ clothes at the party. A. every day B. everyday C. casually D. usually( )2. She cant be with him _. A. everyweek B. everyday C. every day D. a day( )3. How do you go to school _?A. Monday B. every day C. everyday D. weekday

9、BCB105. good,well【解析】 兩者都有“好”的意思。good是形容詞,意為“好的”。well作副詞時(shí)意為“好地”;作形容詞時(shí)意為“身體好的;健康的”;作名詞時(shí)意為“井”;well還可以作語氣詞。 【舉例】 Jim is a good student. 吉姆是位好學(xué)生。 He cannot speak English well. 他英語說得不流利。 Well,Im quite well / fine. 哦,我身體很好。11【應(yīng)用】( )1. Im not feeling _ today. A. nicely B. well C. good D. badly( )2. Thats a

10、 _ place to have fun. A. wonderfully B. terribly C. good D. well( )3. His sister is a _ singer. She sings _. A. nice; good B. wonderful; badly C. good; well D. well; beautifullyBCC126. high / low,dear / cheap【解析】 這四個(gè)詞都可用來形容物品的價(jià)值,既可以作表語也可以作定語。 (1)high意為“價(jià)格高的”,反義詞為low“價(jià)格低的”,強(qiáng)調(diào)某物價(jià)格的高低。常見的短語有at a low /

11、high price 以低廉/高昂的價(jià)格。 附:除了表示價(jià)格,high,low還可以表示嗓音、海拔、血壓等的高低。 (2)dear / expensive意為“貴的”,反義詞為cheap / inexpensive“便宜的”,強(qiáng)調(diào)某物的貴賤。 13【舉例】 Bill bought an iPod at a very low price. 比爾以非常低的價(jià)格買了個(gè)iPod。 That hotel serves more expensive food than that in this restaurant. 那家旅店的食物比這個(gè)餐館的貴多了。 Bills iPod is really cheap

12、. 比爾的iPod真的很便宜。【應(yīng)用】( )1. The price of the pen is _ for him. He cant afford it. A. low B. cheap C. high D. expensiveC14( )2. This is an _ hat, but it has really good quality. A. dear B. high C. inexpensive D. expensive( )3. Who asked you to scream at such a _ voice?A. high B. low C. big D. small7. ot

13、her,else【解析】 兩者都可表示“別的;其他的”。 (1)other在句子中作定語,在一般情況下,它常常修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,放在被修飾的名詞前面。 DA15 (2)else 只修飾something,anything,nothing,nobody,anybody等不定代詞或who,whose,what,when,where等特殊疑問詞,并放在它們的后面。 【舉例】 I dont know if other students will be interested in this story. 我不知道是否有其他學(xué)生將對(duì)這個(gè)故事感興趣。 She said that she had nothin

14、g else to do. 她說她沒有其他事可做。16【應(yīng)用】( )1. We went _ except Tiananmen Square. A. nowhere else B. else places C. else nowhere D. somewhere else( )2. Mary is here,but the _ are still out in the campus. A. else girls B. other girls C. other girl D. rest girls( )3. What _ do you need?A. other toys B. toys els

15、e C. else toys D. otherABA178. a few, few, a little, little【解析】 a few, few, a little, little均可充當(dāng)形容詞修飾名詞,其中a few, few修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,a little, little修飾不可數(shù)名詞;a few, a little表示肯定的意義,few, little表示否定的意義。 附:(1)如果有only, just,quite等詞修飾,我們通常說only / just / quite a few / little。 (2)a little還可以修飾形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)和比較級(jí),如:a litt

16、le fat有點(diǎn)胖;a little faster 更快一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。18【舉例】 I read a few books of this famous writer recently. 最近我讀過這位著名作家的幾本書。 Few students can work out this problem, can they? 很少有學(xué)生能算出這道題,是嗎? Dont worry. We still have a little money left. 別擔(dān)心,我們還剩下一點(diǎn)錢。 Theres little ink in the bottle. I need to buy some. 瓶子里面幾乎沒有墨水了,我

17、得去買些。19【應(yīng)用】( )1. It is good for the fish to have _ water plants in the tank (魚缸)to keep the water pure.A. little B. a little C. few D. a few( )2. The twins can speak _ French, can they?A. a few B. few C. little D. a little( )3. We need to put _ salt on the fish so as to make it salty. A. a few B. fe

18、w C. a little D. little DCC20( )4. There are _ people in front of me in the queue. I have to wait for a long time.A. very little B. only a few C. quite a few D. quite a little( )5. David often plays alone. He has _ friends. Yes. He is too shy to make friends.A. little B. a little C. a few D. fewCD21

19、9. too many,too much,much too【解析】 (1)too many意為“太多”,用作形容詞,中心詞是many,修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。 (2)too much意為“太多”,可以用作形容詞,中心詞是much,修飾不可數(shù)名詞。too much也可以作副詞或代詞。 (3) much too意為“太”,作副詞,中心詞是too,后接副詞或形容詞。 22【舉例】 They built too many buildings last year. 去年他們建了太多樓房。 Weve had too much rain lately. 最近我們這里的雨下得太多了。 Is watching TV

20、too much good or bad for your health?電視看得太多對(duì)你的健康有益還是有害? He drove much too fast. 他開車開得太快了。23【應(yīng)用】( )1. Americans eat _ meat,in my opinion. A. so many B. too many C. too much D. much too( )2. The luggage is _ heavy. I can hardly move it. A. too much B. so much C. much too D. many too( )3. Today,_ trees

21、 are being cut down each single day. A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much tooCCA2410. so.that.,such.that.【解析】 兩者都可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,均表示“如此以至于”。但so在此作副詞,其后只能接形容詞或副詞,而such是形容詞,其后只能接名詞。 熟記以下句型:(1)soadj./adv.that從句=suchadj.復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞that從句。 (2)soadj.a / an單數(shù)名詞that從句=sucha / anadj.單數(shù)名詞that從句。 25【舉例】 These

22、 flowers are so beautiful that I want to have them all.=These are such beautiful flowers that I want to have them all. 這些花是如此的美以至于我想擁有它們?nèi)俊?The weather was so terrible that we had to stay at home all day.=It was such terrible weather that we had to stay at home all day. 天氣是如此糟糕以至于我們不得不一整天待在家里。26【應(yīng)用】

23、( )1. Dave is _ young that he cant go with us. A. such B. so C. too D. enough( )2. Its _ day! Lets go for an outing!A. such a beautiful B. so a beautiful C. such beautiful a D. so beautiful an( )3. It was _ lovely weather _ we decided to spend the day on the beach. A. such a; that B. such; that C. s

24、uch; as D. so; thatBAB2711. pleasant,pleased【解析】 (1)pleasant是形容詞,意為“令人愉快的;可喜的;宜人的;吸引人的”。其反義詞為unpleasant。 (2)pleased是形容詞,意為 “高興的;滿意的”,常用來表示某人的感受。常考搭配為be pleased with.【舉例】 We need a pleasant environment to work in. 我們需要一個(gè)舒適的工作環(huán)境。 She was very pleased with her sons exam results. 她對(duì)她兒子的考試成績(jī)很滿意。 Im so pl

25、eased to hear from you again. 再次收到你的來信,我好開心。(句中的pleased可用glad / happy代替)28【應(yīng)用】( )1. What a _ night!A. pleasant B. please C. pleasure D. pleased( )2. Shes _ to see you. A. pleased B. pleasing C. pleasure D. pleasantAA2912. maybe,may be【解析】 (1)maybe是副詞,相當(dāng)于perhaps,意為“也許;可能”。 (2)may be 是由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞maybe構(gòu)成的,意思

26、是“也許是;可能是”,位于句子中間,作謂語。 【舉例】 Maybe you left your mobile phone in the office. 或許你把手機(jī)忘在辦公室了。 Your mobile phone may be in the office.=Maybe your mobile phone is in the office. 你的手機(jī)或許在辦公室。30【應(yīng)用】( )1. Wheres Joanne? Im not sure. She _ in her office. A. maybe B. may be C. may D. might is( )2. _ he wasnt an

27、gry with you. A. Maybe B. Might C. May D. May beBA3113. ever,never,even【解析】 ever常用于完成時(shí)的疑問句,表示“曾經(jīng)”;也可用于否定句,表示“在任何時(shí)候;從來”。never表示“從未”。even表示“甚至;更”,常接形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)。 【舉例】 Have you ever been to Mount Tai?你曾經(jīng)去過泰山嗎? Im not sure Ill ever trust her again. 我不確定是否還會(huì)再次信任她。 It was so cold even after I put on my cott

28、on coat. 天好冷,甚至在我穿上棉衣后還是很冷。32【應(yīng)用】( )1. Thats even _. A. bad B. badder C. worse D. worst( )2. Neither of us had _ skied. A. never B. ever C. even D. forever( )3. Shes never been to the Great Wall, _ she?A. is B. isnt C. hasnt D. hasCBD3314. either,too,also,as well【解析】 它們都可以表示“也”。either用于否定句,表示“也不”,置于

29、句末,通常有逗號(hào)隔開。too用于肯定句或一般疑問句,置于句末,有逗號(hào)隔開,較口語化。also通常用于肯定句,位于行為動(dòng)詞前面,助動(dòng)詞后面,較正式。as well通常用于肯定句中,置于句末,不用逗號(hào)隔開,較口語化。 34【舉例】 My friend doesnt like soap operas. I dont like them,either. 我的朋友不喜歡肥皂劇,我也不喜歡。 If youve passed the driving test,I guess I will pass,too. 如果你已經(jīng)通過了駕照考試,我猜想我也可以通過。 Cris can speak Spanish and

30、 Chinese,and he can also speak English. 克里斯會(huì)講西班牙語和漢語,他也會(huì)講英語。 There are apple trees on either side of the path,and roses as well. 小徑的兩邊都有蘋果樹,還有玫瑰。35【應(yīng)用】( )1. Besides Henry,Paige wants to join the club,_. A. too B. also C. either D. neither( )2. I havent been to Korea. Coco hasnt,_. A. either B. too C

31、. also D. as well( )3. Jackys a French teacher. Toms _ a wonderful French teacher. A. too B. as well C. also D. eitherAAC3615. either,neither【解析】 兩者都可以作形容詞或代詞。作形容詞時(shí),一般接單數(shù)名詞;作代詞時(shí),一般接動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)形式。 (1)either作形容詞時(shí)意為“(兩者中)任一的”;作代詞時(shí)意為“兩者中的任何一個(gè)”,表肯定。 (2)neither作形容詞時(shí)意為“(兩者中)都不的”;作代詞時(shí)意為“兩者都不”,表否定。 附:(1)either還可作副

32、詞,意為“也不”,表否定。 (2)either.or. “要么;要么”;neither.nor.“既不;也不”。37【舉例】 Either road is straight. 兩條路都是直的。 Either of the boys knows the way. 兩個(gè)男孩都知道路。 Which day will be OK for you? (兩天中)哪一天你比較方便? Either is OK. 任何一天都行。 Neither girl has brought the passport. 兩個(gè)女孩都沒有帶護(hù)照。 Neither of those men reads The Times. 那兩個(gè)

33、男人都不讀泰晤士報(bào)。38 Which would you like,tea or Coke? 茶和可樂你更喜歡哪一個(gè)? Neither,I prefer coffee. 都不喜歡,我喜歡咖啡。If you wont go,me,either.=If you wont go,neither / nor will I. 如果你不去,我也不去。 Either you or your father must see this young man today. 你或是你的父親今天必須見這位年輕人。 He could speak neither English nor German. 他既不會(huì)講英語也不會(huì)

34、講德語。39【應(yīng)用】( )1. Willows are planted on _ sides of the street. A. either B. each C. neither D. both( )2. Which do you prefer, milk or coffee? _ will do, I dont particularly mind. A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. None( )3. Brian didnt cry,_ did Bruce. A. either B. none C. also D. neitherDBD40( )4. Jane

35、 knows neither French _ English. A. but also B. and C. or D. nor( )5. Either my parents or my brother _ there before. A. has been B. have been C. has gone D. have gone toDA4116. each,every【解析】 兩者均表示“每一個(gè);每一的;每個(gè)的”。each通常作形容詞或代詞,指二者或二者以上的“每一個(gè)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體,既可用作限定詞,也可單獨(dú)作主語或賓語,后面可以接of。every多作形容詞,指三者或三者以上的“每一個(gè)”,強(qiáng)

36、調(diào)整體,不能單獨(dú)使用,也不可以接of。every還有反復(fù)重復(fù)的意思,如 every three weeks。 42【舉例】 Each of them has an apple. 他們每人都有一個(gè)蘋果。 She knows each student of the class. 她認(rèn)識(shí)班級(jí)里的每個(gè)學(xué)生。 She knows every student of the class. 她認(rèn)識(shí)班級(jí)里所有的學(xué)生。 I visit my grandparents every two weeks. 我每?jī)芍芴酵业淖娓改敢淮巍?3【應(yīng)用】( )1. He gave _ of his parents a book

37、. A. each B. every C. both D. all( )2. There are flowers on _ side of the avenue. A. all B. each C. every D. neither( )3. You should check your body _ two years. A. every B. each C. both D. allABA4417. how often,how many times,how soon,how long,how far【解析】 疑問副詞可以與一些詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合疑問詞組,如how often, how many等。 (

38、1)how often意為“多久一次”,對(duì)頻率提問,常見的答語為頻度副詞always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,hardly,never和once a week,twice a month,three or four times a year,every day,every 2 weeks等。 45 (2)how many times意為“多少次”,對(duì)次數(shù)提問,常見的答語為once,twice,three times等。 (3)how soon意為“過多久”,對(duì)將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的時(shí)間提問,常見的答語為 in時(shí)間段。 (4)how long意為“持續(xù)多久;多長(zhǎng)

39、”,對(duì)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)時(shí)間或物體的長(zhǎng)度提問,常見的答語為 for時(shí)間段; since時(shí)間段ago; since時(shí)間點(diǎn);.meters / kilometers / miles等。 (5)how far意為“多遠(yuǎn)”,對(duì)距離提問,常見的答語為.meters / kilometers / miles away;.minutes / hours walk / drive / flight等。 46【舉例】How often do you practice speaking English? 你多久練習(xí)一次英語口語?Every day. 每天(都練習(xí))。How many times has your uncl

40、e been to South Africa? 你叔叔去過南非多少次?Hes been there five times. 他去過那里五次。How soon will the new stadium be built?新體育館什么時(shí)候?qū)?huì)建成?In half a month. 半個(gè)月后。How long will the meeting last? 會(huì)議將持續(xù)多久?47For about 3 days. 大約三天。How long is this river? 這條河有多長(zhǎng)?1,843 meters. 1,843米。How far is the nearest international airport?最近的國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)有多遠(yuǎn)?15 minutes bus ride. 15分鐘的車程。48【應(yīng)用】( )1. _have you been to China? Five times. A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. How many tim