八下Unit7 Grammar 課件

1、poorblindelderlyhomelessHow can we help these people in our daily lives?We can save our pocket money and donate it to them.We can give food to homeless people.We can give our seats on the bus to the elderly.n. 傳單傳單, 散頁印刷品散頁印刷品hand out the leaflet 分發(fā)分發(fā), 提出提出set up 建起，設(shè)立建起，設(shè)立Sansha City was set up on

2、June 21st, 2012.New words: leaflet n. 傳單，散頁印刷品傳單，散頁印刷品 hand out 分發(fā)，提出分發(fā)，提出 hold v. 舉行舉行 set v. 創(chuàng)建，建立創(chuàng)建，建立 set up 建起，設(shè)立建起，設(shè)立 including prep. 包括包括What is this charity called in English? It is called ORBIS.What is the plane used as?It is used as a hospital. It is also used as a training centre. How man

3、y patients were operated on during Dr Mas last visit? During his last visit, 150 patients were operated on. Where do ORBIS doctors do operations? ORBIS doctors do operations on the plane. 奧比斯醫(yī)生在飛機(jī)上動手術(shù)。奧比斯醫(yī)生在飛機(jī)上動手術(shù)。 do active voice 主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài) What is needed by ORBIS to help blind people?More money is n

4、eeded by ORBIS to help blind people.更多的錢被奧比斯需要來幫助盲人。更多的錢被奧比斯需要來幫助盲人。is needed Passive Voice 被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)判斷：主動語判斷：主動語 態(tài)態(tài) ( A )/被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)( B );被動語被動語態(tài)要劃出動詞部分態(tài)要劃出動詞部分1）Millie and Amy took the little cat to the animal center yesterday.2）The 79-year-old man was saved out of a fire last year.3）This kind of cak

5、e is called mooncake.4）People use a keyboard to type information into the computer.5）The windows in our classroom are cleaned once a week. AABBB None of the books was taken away.沒有一本書被拿走。沒有一本書被拿走。動作的執(zhí)行者是泛指或者不言自明時(shí)。動作的執(zhí)行者是泛指或者不言自明時(shí)。被動語態(tài)的基本用法被動語態(tài)的基本用法The toy is designed for children.在不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰時(shí)。在不知道動

6、作的執(zhí)行者是誰時(shí)。這款玩具是為孩子們設(shè)計(jì)的。這款玩具是為孩子們設(shè)計(jì)的。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時(shí)。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時(shí)。My bike was repaired.我的自行車修好了。我的自行車修好了。The problem was talked about just now.出于委婉或禮貌而避談動作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。出于委婉或禮貌而避談動作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。這個(gè)問題剛才被討論過。這個(gè)問題剛才被討論過。Mr Wu is liked by all of his students.所有的學(xué)生都喜歡吳老師。所有的學(xué)生都喜歡吳老師。在被動語態(tài)的句子中在被動語態(tài)的句子中, 如果我們需要指如果我們需要指出動作的執(zhí)行者出動作

7、的執(zhí)行者, 可以由可以由by引出。引出。歌訣：歌訣：誰做的動作不知道，誰做的動作不知道，說出誰做的沒必要。說出誰做的沒必要。 有些動詞常用于被動語態(tài)。有些動詞常用于被動語態(tài)。如：如：He was born in Nanjing.他生于南京。他生于南京。The mobile phone was made in China.這部手機(jī)是中國制造的。這部手機(jī)是中國制造的。被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be +V(p.p.)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) amis are + V(p.p.)waswere +V(p.p.)is used every day. use every day T

8、he computer playoftenis often played. Footballplant every year are planted every year.The trees is cleaned every day.The blackboardclean every day buildings, build, last yearThe thief, catch, yesterdayThe thief was caught by the police yesterday.The tall buildings were built last year.Match and say:

9、A. (send) to poor areas every month.B. (use) as a training centre.C. (call) UNICEFD. (donate) to build this hospital last week.E. (invite) to this talk yesterday1.More money 2 This charity 3 Medicine 4 Many local doctors 5.This placewas donated is calledis sentwere invitedis usedTree Planting Dayon

10、March 12thWe plant trees. (主動語態(tài)）主動語態(tài)）Treesare plantedby us.（被動語態(tài)）（被動語態(tài)）They built a new bridge. (主動語態(tài)）主動語態(tài)）（被動語態(tài)）（被動語態(tài)）A new bridgewas built by them.變被動語態(tài)的口訣變被動語態(tài)的口訣賓變主，主變賓，賓變主，主變賓，by短語后面跟。短語后面跟。 謂語動詞變被動，謂語動詞變被動，be后后“過分過分”來使來使用。用。 “be”要隨著主語變，人稱時(shí)態(tài)要弄準(zhǔn)。要隨著主語變，人稱時(shí)態(tài)要弄準(zhǔn)。 把主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)：把主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)：1.People g

11、row rice in many parts of China. 2. She held a charity show yesterday.Rice is grown by people in many parts of China. A charity show was held by her.3.People usually post Christmas cards in December. 4. We bought some computers last week. Christmas cards are usually posted by people in December. Som

12、e computers were bought by us last week.are planned to help the poorWhat they do every year1. Charity activities _ (plan/to help the poor).are handed out to peopleLeaflets _ _ (hand out/to people in the street/ volunteers).in the street by volunteersToys and CDs _(sell/to raise money).are sold to ra

13、ise moneyWhat they did last weekNew books _ _ (send/to children in poor areas/the Class 1, Grade 8 students). were sent to children in poorareas by the Class 1, Grade 8 studentsWarm clothes _ (collect/for poor people). were collected for poor peopleA charity show _ (hold/the Students Union). was hel

14、d by the Students UnionAmy and Daniel are talking about charities. Complete their conversation with the words in brackets using the passive voice. Amy: Im reading a book about Oxfam.Daniel: Really? Please tell me about it.Amy: OK. Oxfam _ (set up) in the UK in 1942, and the first Oxfam shop _ (open)

15、 in 1948. Now it has about 15,000 shops in all over the world. A lot of things _ (sell) in Oxfam shops, including books. The money _ (use) by Oxfam to help poor people. was set up was openedare soldis usedDaniel: Thats good. There are also some charity projects in China. One of them _ (call) Project

16、 Hope. It _ (start) in 1989. With its help, millions of poor children all over the country _ (give) basic education. is called was started are givenAmy: Yes. Many schools _ (build) in poor areas each year. are built短文缺詞填空短文缺詞填空: Oxfam is an organization. It helps p_ people in countries around the wo

17、rld. Oxfam was set u_ in the UK in 1942 and the first Oxfam shop was o_ in 1948. Now the n_ of the Oxfam shops in the world is about 15,000. Oxfam shops sell a lot of t_ including books. Oxfam u_ money to help poor people. There are also some charity projects in China. For e_, Project Hope was start

18、ed in 1989. B_ of its help, Project Hope provides b_ education for poor children all over the country. Every year, Project Hope help build many s_.中考鏈接：中考鏈接： 答題技巧分析答題技巧分析oorppened umberhingssesxampleecauseasicchools句子的謂語由動詞充當(dāng)，句子的謂語由動詞充當(dāng)，注意語態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)。注意語態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)。句子的主語和賓語由名詞句子的主語和賓語由名詞充當(dāng)，注意單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)充當(dāng)，注意單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)句子的定語

19、通常由形容句子的定語通常由形容詞充當(dāng)，注意比較等級詞充當(dāng)，注意比較等級注意固定詞注意固定詞組積累組積累1.Every year , a charity show 2. Last week, a charity show用被動語態(tài)看圖說話：用被動語態(tài)看圖說話：sell old bookshand out leafletscollect clothessend new bookspoor areaA.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)是由一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)是由 am/is/are + V(pp) 構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。 一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)是由一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)是由 was/were + V(pp) 構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。B.

20、把主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)方法：把主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)方法：1.把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。2.把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)。把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)。3.把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。賓語，將主格改為賓格。Homework1.Remember the new words and phrases .2.Finish the exercises on the students books.1.為了為希望工程籌款，每年我們學(xué)校舉行慈善表為了為希望工程籌款，每年我們學(xué)校舉行慈善表演演 ，一些志愿者們上街分發(fā)許多傳單，

21、一些志愿者們上街分發(fā)許多傳單,我的一些我的一些同學(xué)在周末賣舊書來籌錢。同學(xué)在周末賣舊書來籌錢。2. 上周學(xué)生會舉行了慈善表演。為貧窮孩子收集上周學(xué)生會舉行了慈善表演。為貧窮孩子收集暖和和衣服并且給貧窮地區(qū)孩子們寄去了新書。暖和和衣服并且給貧窮地區(qū)孩子們寄去了新書。 用被動語態(tài)看圖說話：用被動語態(tài)看圖說話：書面表達(dá)：書面表達(dá)：1. 每年我們學(xué)校舉行慈善表演每年我們學(xué)校舉行慈善表演 ，一些志愿者們上街分發(fā)，一些志愿者們上街分發(fā)許多傳單許多傳單,我的一些同學(xué)在周末賣舊書來籌錢為希望工程我的一些同學(xué)在周末賣舊書來籌錢為希望工程籌款。籌款。Every year, a charity show is he

22、ld in our school. Many leaflets are handed out to ask people to donate money. Old books are sold to raise money for Project Hope.書面表達(dá)：書面表達(dá)： 2. 上周學(xué)校舉行了慈善表演。為貧窮孩子收集暖和和衣上周學(xué)校舉行了慈善表演。為貧窮孩子收集暖和和衣服并且給貧窮地區(qū)孩子們寄去了新書。服并且給貧窮地區(qū)孩子們寄去了新書。 Last week , a charity show was held at school. Warm clothes were collected for poor people. and new books were sent to children in poor areas . 用動詞的被動語態(tài)填空用動詞的被動語態(tài)填空: English _(speak) by many people. The trees _(plant) by them. That building _(build) two years ago. This kind of computer _(make) in China.1. The games _(sell)