新人教版新目標(biāo)初二下英語同步知識(shí)梳理及習(xí)題含答案unit10

1、Iehadthisbikeforthreeyears.、同步知識(shí)梳理1. -Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikethere?-Ihavehaditforthreeyears.歸納拓展：(1) howlong,howsoon,howoften,howfarHowlong多久，多長(時(shí)間)。對時(shí)間段提問，如：for+時(shí)間段；since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。e.g.-HowlonghaveyouworkedinBeijing?-Forfiveyears.Howsoon多久以后。對“in時(shí)間段提問，常用于一般將來時(shí)”，其答語常用“in時(shí)間段”。e.g.-HowsoonwillMr.Libeba

2、ck?-Inaweek.Howoften多久一次，對頻率提問，其答語為：once(twice/)+時(shí)間段，always,usually等。e.g.-Howoftendoyouexercise?-Onceaday.Howfar多遠(yuǎn)，對距離提問，其答語是表距離的內(nèi)容。e.g.-Howfarisitfromheretoyourschool?-Threekilometers.(2) 辨析：for與sincefor其后只能接表示一段時(shí)間”的名詞性短語，可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)時(shí)間段長短。e.g.Ihavelivedinthiscityforfiveyears.我在這座城市居住了5年了。Heus

3、uallysleepsfortwelvehourseveryday.他通常每天睡12個(gè)小時(shí)。since其后接表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的短語或從句（過去時(shí)），也可以接一段時(shí)間+ago”，常用于完成時(shí)態(tài)；還用于句型：“Itis+寸間段+since+般過去時(shí)的句子”。表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生并持續(xù)到說話時(shí)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。e.g.ItistwoyearssinceIcametoChina.自從我到中國以來已經(jīng)兩年了。Shehasworkedhereforfiveyears.=Shehasworkedheresincefiveyearsago.她在這兒工作5年了。即學(xué)即用：1. haveyoubeenlearnEnglis

4、h.IhavebeenlearnEnglishforsixyears.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.Howfar2. _canyoubeready,Andy?Intenminutes.AHowmuchBHowoftenCHowlongDHowsoon3. yogurtdoyouneed?j?g?t酸乳酪Threecups.A.HowlongB.HowfarC.HowlongD.Howmuch4. XiaoWang,willittaketoflytoGuangzhou?Sorry,Idonotknow.A.howfarB.howsoonC.howmanyD.howlong5. 用fo

5、r/since填空1) HehaslivedinNanjingtheyearbeforelast.2) .Ivkenownhimwewerechildren.3) OurteacherhasstudiedJapanesethreeyears.4) Shehasbeenawayfromthecityabouttenyears.5) Itasbouttenyearssheleftthecity.參考答案：ADDDsince/since/for/for/since2. Jeffsfamilhyaivsingayardsale.歸納拓展：(1)sale用作名詞，意為“出售，銷售”，onsale意為“出

6、售，上市”；forsale意為“待售，供出售”，尤指從主人手里出售。e.g.Chickensareonsaleinthemarket.小雞在市場上出售。Imsorry,itsnotforsale.抱歉，它不出售。即學(xué)即用：Wesellsthepenagoodprice.Theyareonfor5yuan.Aat,sellBin,saleCwith,sellDat,sale參考答案：D3. Amythinksitshardtosellheroldthings.艾米認(rèn)為賣掉她的舊東西很難。歸納拓展：(1)itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.意為對某人來說做某事是”;itis+adj.+

7、ofsb.todosth.意為“某人做某事，”。注：forsb.與ofsb.的辨別方法：forsb.句型中的形容詞一般用表示客觀形式的形容詞，如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等。ofsb.句型中的形容詞一般用表示人物的性格，品德，或表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞，如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right等。(3)ofsb.句型中sb.為此句的邏輯主語，且此句可轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語的句子，女口Itisniceofyoutoinvitemetoyourparty.=Youarenicetoinvitemetoyou

8、rparty.forsb.句型則不能作此轉(zhuǎn)換。即學(xué)即用：(1) Itisniceyoutohelpmeoutofthetrouble.(2) Itiseasyyoutolearnhowtoswim.(3) Ioftenhavehamburgersforlunch.-Youdbetternot.Itsbadforyoutoomuchjunkfood.A.eatB.toeatC.eatingD.ate參考答案：of/for/B4. Wehavealreadyclearedoutalotofthingsfromourbedrooms.歸納拓展：(1)clearv.清理；清除clearout清理；丟掉

9、(2)clearadj.晴朗的即學(xué)即用:Iftheskyisc,thereisnorainsandnoclouds.翻譯：我要替你把那個(gè)小衣櫥清理出來參考答案：clear/IIIclearoutthatclosetforyou.5. Wehavedecidedtoeachsellfivethingsthatwenolongeruse.歸納拓展：(1) noIonger意為不再；不復(fù)”，有時(shí)可用notanyIonger如：(2) nomore不再；不復(fù)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)次數(shù)上的不再，可以與notanymore替換即學(xué)即用：Henolongerliveshere.=Heher.他不再住這兒了。Idontwa

10、nttoseeyou.我再也不想見到你了。MyunclehasmovedtoBeijing.Hedoesntlivehere.A.atallB.anyIongerC.nomoreD.anytime參考答案：doesntlive/anyIonger/anymoe/B6. Mydaughterwasmoreunderstanding,althoughshealsofeltsadtopartwithcertaintoys.歸納拓展：1) certainadj.意為某種的”。e.g.Hedecidedtosellhiscertainbooks.他決定賣掉他的某些書籍。2) certain形容詞，意為確

11、實(shí)的，無疑的”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：becertaintodosth.肯定要做某事becertainof/aboutsth.對某事確定、有把握becertainofdoingsth.有把握做某事becertain+從句一定3) partwith放棄、交出，partv.離開，分開即學(xué)即用：翻譯：1.他對成功很有把握2. 不要放棄你的夢想tpartiwdtieam.參考答案：Hefeltquitecertainofsuccess./Don7. Asforme,Ididnotwanttogiveupmyfootballshirts,but,tobehonest,Ihavenotplayedforawhilen

12、ow.歸納拓展：1) asfor至于，關(guān)于e.g.Andasforus,wearefortunate.可對我們來說，我們是幸運(yùn)的。2) tobehonest意為說實(shí)在的，說實(shí)話”，經(jīng)常單獨(dú)使用，作插入語，用逗號(hào)與句子隔開。類似的表達(dá)還有totellthetruth老實(shí)說“，說實(shí)話”。e.g.Tobehonest,sheisnotanhonestgirl.說實(shí)話，她不是一個(gè)誠實(shí)的女孩。honest為形容詞，意為“誠實(shí)的；老實(shí)的”。反義詞為dishonest不誠“實(shí)的”。e.g.Anhonestmandoesnottelllies.誠實(shí)的人不會(huì)說謊。3) whilen.一段時(shí)間，一會(huì)兒while還

13、可用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。e.g.Theychatteredawayhappilyforawhile.他們高興地閑扯了一會(huì)兒。Hekeptintouchwithuswhilehewasonvacation.他在度假期間仍與我們保持聯(lián)系。即學(xué)即用：1. MybestfriendTomishonestboy.Youcanbelievehim.A.aB.anC.theD./2. 用when或者while填空1) .Margowastalkingonthephone,hersisterwalkedin.2) .wevisited

14、theschool,thechildrenwereplayinggames.3) Jakewaswaitingatthedoor,anoldwomancalledtohim.4) .IsawCarlos,hewaswearingagreenshirt.5) .Allenwascleaninghisroom,thephonerang.參考答案：B/1.while2.when3.while4.when5.while8. Nowadays,millionsofChineseleavethecountrysidetosearchforworkinthecities.歸納拓展：(1)Search用作不及

15、物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為搜索；搜查”短語searchfor意為搜尋，找尋”e.g.Heissearchingforhissunglasses.他正在找他的太陽鏡。作及物動(dòng)詞，意為在搜查”或搜查”e.g.Theysearchedtheforestforthelostchild.他們在森林里尋找那個(gè)走失的小孩。即學(xué)即用：用searchfor/search的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Sheisherpen.2.Thepolicearethehousetotheboy.參考答案：searching/searchingfor,search9. AmongtheseisZhangWei,a46-year-oldhusband

16、andfather歸納拓展：（1）among在三者或三者以上之間，between在兩者之間（2）a46-year-oldhusbandandfather意為一位46歲的丈夫和父親”相當(dāng)于ahusbandandfatherof46yearsold.four-year-old是一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞，特點(diǎn)一是數(shù)詞、名詞、形容詞之間要用連字符連接，二是數(shù)詞后的名詞用單數(shù)形式。e.g.Tomisa10-year-oldboy.=Tomisaboyof10yearsold.湯姆是一個(gè)10歲的男孩。Lilyisan8-year-oldgirl.莉莉是一個(gè)8歲的女孩即學(xué)即用：1. Tomsitsthestudent

17、s.湯姆坐在學(xué)生之間。2. TomsitsMaryandFrank.湯姆坐在瑪麗和弗蘭克之間3.1dontbelievethatthisboycanpaintsuchanicepicture.A. fiveyearsoldB.five-years-oldC.five-year-old參考答案：among/between/C10. consider動(dòng)詞，意為考慮”=thinkabout，后跟名詞，代詞，動(dòng)名詞，賓語從句或疑問詞+不定式”。歸納拓展：（1）e.g.Pleaseconsidermysuggestion.請考慮我的建議。Iamconsideringchangingmyjob.我正在考慮

18、換份工作。Hehasneverconsideredhowtosolvetheproblem他從未考慮過如何解決那個(gè)問題。(2)在與動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)，只能用動(dòng)名詞形式的動(dòng)詞或短語有:consider考慮”enjoy喜愛”practice練習(xí)”keep(on)繼續(xù)(一直)mind介意”finish完成”havefun咼興feellike想要”lookforwardto盼望”canthelp禁不住”giveup放棄”歌訣：喜歡錯(cuò)過別介意，完成愉快勤練習(xí)，禁不住考慮想放棄即學(xué)即用：1. -Canyougivemesomeinformationaboutvacationtrips?-Whynotgoingto

19、HainanIsland?A.considerB.mindC.keepD.think參考答案：A現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)：專題訓(xùn)練單項(xiàng)選擇。1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybetheys_h_awphpaetnedtohim.A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknow2、HehasbeentoShanghai,hashe?A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.still3、HaveyoumetMrLi？_A.justB.agoC.beforeD.Amomentago4、Thefamouswriteronenewbookinthepasttw

20、oyear.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten5、Ourcountryalotsofar.Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven.A.haschanged;wellB.changed;goodC.haschanged;betterD.changed;better6、ZhaoLanalreadyinthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying7、WeXiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.A.knowB.hadknown

21、C.haveknownD.knew8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.Iittwice.A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see9、ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.Really?Whenthere?A.willtheygoB.didtheygoC.dotheygoD.havetheygone10、you_yourhomeworkyet?Yes.Iitamomentago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinishedD.will;do;

22、finish11、HisfatherthePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin12、Doyouknowhimwell?Sure.Wefriendssincetenyearsago.A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade13、HowlonghaveyouhereAbouttwomonths.A.beenB.goneC.comeD.arrived14、Hurryup!Theplayfortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.began15、Ittenyearssinceheleftthearmy.A.isB.hasC.willD.wasD.ha