英語日常常用句子

1、word英語日常常用句子Whatareyoutryingtosay?你到底想說什么？Don'tbesilly.別胡鬧了。Howstrongareyourglasses?你近視多少度？Justbecause.沒有別的原因。Itisn'tthewayIhopeditwouldbe.這不是我所盼望的。Youwillneverguess.你永遠(yuǎn)猜不到。Noonecoulddoanythingaboutit.眾人對(duì)止匕束手無措。Isawsomethingdeeplydisturbing.深感事情不妙。Moneyisagoodservantbutabadmaster.要做金錢的主人，莫做金

2、錢的奴隸。Iamnotavailable.我正忙著Wisdominthemindisbetterthanmoneyinthehand.(腦中的知識(shí)比手中的金錢更重要Neversaydie.it'sapieceofcake.別泄氣，那只是小菜一碟。Don'tworry.you'llgetusetoitsoon.別擔(dān)心，很快你就會(huì)習(xí)慣的。Ikonwhowyoufeel.我明白你的感受。Youwinsome.youlosesome.月生敗乃兵家常事。Don'tburyyourheadinthesand.不要逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)。Ididn'texpectyoutosuch

3、agoodjob.我沒想到你干得這么好。Youareingalonewell.你做得挺順利。Youflattermeimmensely.你過獎(jiǎng)啦。Youshouldbeslowtojudgeothers.你不應(yīng)該隨意評(píng)論別人。Ihopeyouwillexcusemeifimakeanymistake.如有任何錯(cuò)誤,請(qǐng)你原諒Itwasmostcarelessofme.我太粗心了。Itwasquitebyaccident.真是始料不與。Iwishihadallthetimei'deverwasted,soicouldwasteitalloveragain.我希望所有被我浪費(fèi)的時(shí)間重新回來，

4、讓我再浪費(fèi)一遍。Ilikeyouthewayyouwere.我喜歡你以前的樣子。Youtwogoaheadtothemoviewithoutme,idon'twanttobeathirdwheel.你們兩個(gè)自己去看電影吧，我不想當(dāng)電燈泡。Doyouhaveanyoneinmind?你有心上人嗎？Howlonghaveyouknownher?你認(rèn)識(shí)她多久了?I'dbettlehitthebooks.我要復(fù)習(xí)功課啦。apieceofone'smind.直言不諱Hegavemeapieceofmind,"Don'tshiftresponsibilityont

5、oothers."他責(zé)備道：“不要把責(zé)任推卸到別人身上。acatanddoglife水火不容的生活Thehusbandandhiswifearealwaysquarrelling,andtheyareleadingacatanddoglife.這對(duì)夫婦老是吵架，相互之間水火不容。adog'slife潦倒的生活Themanlivedadog'slife.這個(gè)人生活潦倒。AtoZ從頭至尾IknowthatfromAtoZ.我很了解這件事。abovesomebody深?yuàn)WWell,thissortoftalkisaboveme.我不懂你們在講什么。allears全神貫注地傾聽

6、著WhenyoutellMarysomegossip,sheisallears.跟Mary講一些小道消息，她會(huì)聽地仔仔細(xì)細(xì)。allthemore更力口，益發(fā)You'llbeallthebetterforaholiday.度一次假，對(duì)你會(huì)更有好處。alldressedup打扮得整整齊齊Sheisalldressedupandnowheretogo.她打扮得整整齊卻無處炫耀。allinall總的說來；最心愛的東西Thedaughterisallinalltohim.女兒是他的無價(jià)寶。allout竭盡全力Theywentallout.他們鼓足了干勁。allover全部完畢；渾身，到處Glad

7、,itisallover.這事全部完畢了，好得很。I'mwetallover.我渾身都濕了。allset準(zhǔn)備就緒Heisallsetforanearlymorningstart.他已做好清晨出發(fā)的一切準(zhǔn)備。allyouhavetodo需要做得是Allyouhavetodoistocalmyourselfdownandwaitforthegoodnews.你需要做得是靜下心來等好消息。aseasyasfallingofalog/aseasyassnappingyourfingers/aseasyasABC容易得很Tome,agoodstoryteller,itwouldbeaseasya

8、sfallingofalog對(duì)我來說，講個(gè)故事還不是隨手拈來。asbusyasabee非常忙Mumisalwaysasbusyasabeeinthemoring.媽媽每天早上者B忙得不可開交。atone'sfingertips了如指掌Howtogetatthatlittleislandisathisfingertips.他知道怎么去那個(gè)小島。atone'swit'send智窮Don'taskhim.Itisalsoathiswit'send.不要問他了，他也不知道。bigshot大人物，大亨Heisabigshotinourlittletown.blac

9、ksheep敗家子，害群之馬Everyfamilyhasablacksheep.家家有本難念的經(jīng)。blackandblue遍體鱗傷Thethiefwascaughtofred-handedandbeatenblackandblue.那個(gè)小偷當(dāng)場被抓住并被打得青一塊紫一塊的。blackandwhite白名氏黑字Theproofisinblackandwhiteandthemurdererhasnoanyexcuses.證據(jù)確鑿，兇手再也無話可說。blindalley死胡同Youareheadingintoablindalley.你正在鉆牛角尖。blowhotandcold搖擺不定Thisguys

10、eemedtohavenoownidea.Healwaysblewhotandcold?；锖孟鬀]什么主X,總是搖擺不定。blowone'sowntrumpet自吹自擂D(zhuǎn)on'tblowyourowntumpet.Letusseewhatonearthyoucando.不要自吹自擂了，讓我們看看你到底能做什么。bornwithasilverinone'smouth出生在富貴人家Heisbornwithasilverinone'smouth.他是含著金鑰匙出生的。blandnew嶄新的ablandnewcoat新衣月艮breaktheice打破沉默Thecouple

11、hadn'tspokentoeachotherforaweek.Theywerebothwaitingfortheotheronetobreaktheice.這對(duì)夫婦已經(jīng)個(gè)星期沒說過話了。兩人都在等另一方先開口。byablow無意中的一擊Heisbeatentothegroundbyablow.他被擊到在地。can'tstanditanylonger不能再忍受了Ican'tstanditanylongerquit.我再也忍受不了了，我走。carrysomethingtoofar過火了Youarecarryingyourjoketoofar.你玩笑開得太過分了。castl

12、einthesky海市蜃樓Youplanisnearlyacastleinthesky.你的計(jì)劃簡直就是空想。catsgotone'stongue啞口無言chainsmoker老煙槍eupwith產(chǎn)生，想出Letmeeupwithsomeideas.讓我想一想。eeasily容易Languageseeasilytosomepeople.有些人能夠很容易地掌握語、J百。cupoftea喜歡Moviesarenotmycupoftea.我不喜歡看電影。cutitout停止，住嘴Cutitout!Ican'tstandyouanylonger.callitaday不再做下去，停止某種

13、活動(dòng)Letuscallitaday,stop.這天工作夠了，停工口巴！darkhorse黑馬NobodyconsideredthatJohnwouldwinthegame.Hewasadarkhorseinthefinal.dearJohnletter絕交信JackreceivedadearJohnletterfromhisgirlfriendbecausehehadbrokenherheart.dosomonegood對(duì)某人有好處Havingsomemoringexercisesdoesyougood.Doyougetme?你明白我的意思嗎？doesn'tcount這次不算Itdoe

14、sn'tcountthistime,tryagain.doesn'tmakesense不懂；沒有任何意義Thesentenceyoumadedoesn'tmakeanysensetome.downandout窮困潦倒Beingdownandout,hecouldn'tsupporthisfamily.driveat用意，意欲What'shedrivingat?他用意何在？dropin偶然拜訪Idroppedhiminonmywaytothehospital.dropmealine寫信給我OnarrivingtheUniversity,pleasedrop

15、mealine.earlybird早起的人Anearlybirdcatchsworms。捷足先登easyeeasygo來得快去得也快eatmywords收回前言，認(rèn)錯(cuò)道歉Isaidsomethingbadtomymum.AlthoughIwanttoeatmywordsback,itdidn'twork,forIhadhurtmymum'sfeeling.facethemusic直面困難。Heknewhe'dnevergetawaywithitsohedecidedtofacethemusicandgivehimselfuptothepolice.他知道自己不可能逃脫,

16、因此決定一人做事一人當(dāng)一一向警察自首。faceupto勇敢地面對(duì)某事Youmustlearntofaceuptoyourresponsibilities.fedup厭倦Iamratherfedupwithyourplaints.feelfreetodosomething不要拘束Pleasefeelfreetomakesuggestions.fewandfarbetween很少，稀少Humanbeingsarefewandfarbetweeninthiszone.Frenchleave不辭而別givemeaheadache讓人頭痛Thenaughtyboygavemeaheadache.give

17、meahand幫我一下goDutchAA制Godblessyou上帝保佑你Godblessyouwithyourexaminations.Godknows天知道Gotit?明白了嗎？greenthumbs/fingers園藝技能handsarefull非常忙haveaball勇敢havehadit受夠了Ihavehaditwithallyourexcuses.我受夠了你的借口。holdwater站得住腳Nonofhisarguementsseemtoholdwater.ineverysenseofword在某種意義上說It'salieineverysenseofword.這是不折不扣的

18、謊言。keepaneyeon提高警剔killtime打發(fā)時(shí)間lazybones懶骨頭Getuplazybones!leaveittome讓我來吧leavemealone另U管我likefatherlikeson有其父必有其子likeitornot不管你喜不喜歡makeafoolofoneself愚弄某人makeabigmoney賺大錢makebothendsneed收支平衡Wehavetocutourexpensestomakebothendsneed.makewaves引起轟動(dòng)；興風(fēng)作浪Hisachievementmadewavesinhiscountry.makeyourselfathom

19、e另U拘束nogood沒有好結(jié)果Badmamestonogood.nokidding不要開玩笑noneofyourbussiness不關(guān)你的事notreally也不是oldhand老手Heisanoldhandatstealing.oldstory老一套Iamtiredofit,sameoldstory.onone'swordofhonor以某人的人格擔(dān)保onoccasion間或ofone'sownaccord自愿地packedlikesardins擁擠Duringtheholidays,peopleinthetrainsarepackedlikesardins.passawa

20、y去世paytheprice付出代價(jià)Youareplayingwiththefireandyoumustpaythepoiceoneday.putupwith忍受Icann'tputupwithyourrudenessanymore;leavemyroom.red-letterday重要的或值得紀(jì)念的日子redtape繁文緡節(jié)redcarpet紅地毯runinto偶遇Iranintoanoldfriendintheshopyesterday.runoutof用盡，缺少Q(mào)uick,quick,wearerunningoutoftime.showup炫耀smallpotatos小人物sow

21、hat?那怎么樣呢?standupfor忍受suitone'staste對(duì)某人的胃口sundaydress最好的衣服surething十有把握的事takeone'stime盡情玩Takeyourtimeandenjoyit.takethewordsoutofone'smouth說出某人想說得話that'sit就是thatisreallysomething太好了thereisnothingIcando我什么者B不能做thereyougo這邊請(qǐng)thereisnothingwrongwithme我沒事underthetable死底下，秘密地undertheweathe

22、r身體不適what'sgoingon怎么了whataman多勇敢的人啊walkingdictionary活字典whatisup近來可好Hi,Ihaven'tseenyouforalongtime,what'sup?worldclass流的1)takearaincheck延期2) lostcount弄不清楚3) beinanotherworld精神恍惚；魂不守舍4) makeyourselfathome隨意，隨便5) saveyourbreath省口氣吧；別白費(fèi)口舌了6) makesense有意義，理解7) costsb.anarmandaleg非常昂貴8) burnah

23、oleinone'spocket很快地被花光9)fillone'sshoes很好地頂替；令人滿意地替代10)isicecold表示理所當(dāng)然11)likeapplesandoranges用來表示無法相比的事物12)waituntilthelastminute直到最后一刻13)loseone'strainof忘t己14)meeteachotherhalfway相互妥協(xié)，讓步15)onthedot準(zhǔn)時(shí);正點(diǎn)16)onceandforall最后一次；干脆17)outofearshot不在聽力所與X圍18)outofthisworld非常好19)playbyear隨機(jī)應(yīng)變，視情形

24、而定20) ringabell令人想起某件事；聽起來耳熟21)shareamonoutlook有共同的觀點(diǎn)22)sixofoneandhalf-a-dozenoftheother半斤八兩；沒什么區(qū)別23)stickaround在附近逗留或等待24)stickwith繼續(xù)25)straightenout扯平;結(jié)清26)tossandturn(身體)翻來覆去(通常表示難以入睡)27)turnone'sback(在別人遇到困難時(shí))不愿幫助28)undertheweather身體不適，生病29)biteoffmorethanonecanchew貪多嚼不爛；心有余而力不足；不自量力；力不從心30

25、)breaknewground創(chuàng)新31)dothetrick做成功;達(dá)到理想的結(jié)果32)dragone'sfeet行動(dòng)緩慢；磨磨蹭蹭不情愿33)drawtheline拒絕，拒不容忍34)feeldowninthedumps心情不好；情緒低落35)fewandfarbetween不多；少而分散的；不常碰到或發(fā)現(xiàn)的；稀少的36)fitasafiddle身體很健康37)grinandbear任勞任怨；毫無怨言地忍受38)hitthespot(特指吃了食物，喝了飲料之后)精神完全恢復(fù)過來或感到滿足恢復(fù)精力；提精神39)keepbetweenthetwoofus不讓第三者知道，某某40)know

26、athingortwoabout略知二Lesson45Thepowerofthepress新聞報(bào)道的威力Indemocraticcountriesanyeffortstorestrictthefreedomofthepressarerightlycondemned.However,thisfreedomcaneasilybeabused.Storiesaboutpeopleoftenattractfarmorepublicattentionthanpoliticalevents.Thoughwemayenjoyreadingaboutthelivesofothers,itisextremely

27、doubtfulwhetherwewouldequallyenjoyreadingaboutourselves.Actingonthecontentionthatfactsaresacred,reporterscancauseuntoldsufferingtoindividualsbypublishingdetailsabouttheirprivatelives.Newspapersexertsuchtremendousinfluencethattheycannotonlybringaboutmajorchangestothelivesofordinarypeoplebutcanevenove

28、rthrowagovernment.Thestoryofapoorfamilythatacquiredfameandfortuneovernight,dramaticallyillustratesthepowerofthepress.ThefamilylivedinAberdeen,asmalltownof23,000inhabitantsinSouthDakota.Astheparentshadfivechildren,lifewasaperpetualstruggleagainstpoverty.Theywereexpectingtheirsixthchildandwerefacedwit

29、hevenmorepressingeconomicproblems.Iftheyhadonlyhadonemorechild,thefactwouldhavepassedunnoticed.Theywouldhavecontinuedtostruggleagainsteconomicoddsandwouldhavelivedinobscurity.Buttheysuddenlybecametheparentsofquintuplets,fourgirlsandaboy,aneventwhichradicallychangedtheirlives.Thedayafterthebirthofthe

30、fivechildren,anaeroplanearrivedinAberdeenbringingsixtyreportersandphotographers.Therisetofamewasswift.Televisioncamerasandnewspaperscarriedthenewstoeveryoneinthecountry.Newspapersandmagazinesofferedthefamilyhugesumsfortheexclusiverightstopublishstoriesandphotographs.Giftspouredinnotonlyfromunknownpe

31、ople,butfrombabyfoodandsoapmanufacturerswhowishedtoadvertisetheirproducts.Theoldfarmhousethefamilylivedinwastobereplacedbyanew$500,000home.Reporterskeptpressingforinterviewssolawyershadtobeemployedtoactasspokesmenforthefamilyatpressconferences.Whilethefivebabieswerestillquietlysleepinginoxygententsi

32、nahospitalnursery,theirparentswerepayingthepriceforfame.Itwouldneveragainbepossibleforthemtoleadnormallives.Theyhadbeethevictimsofmercialization,fortheirnameshadacquiredamarketvalue.Insteadofbeingfivenewfamilymembers,thesechildrenhadimmediatelybeeamodity.在某某國家里，任何限制新聞自由的企圖都理所當(dāng)然地受到譴責(zé)。然而，這種自由很容易被濫用。常人

33、軼事往往比政治事件更能引起公眾注意。我們都喜歡看關(guān)于別人生活的報(bào)道，但是否同樣喜歡看關(guān)于自己生活的報(bào)道，就很難說了。記者按事實(shí)至上的論點(diǎn)行事，發(fā)表有關(guān)別人私生活的細(xì)節(jié)，有時(shí)會(huì)給當(dāng)事人造成極大的痛苦。新聞具有巨大的威力。它們不僅可以給尋常人家的生活帶來重大的變化，甚至還能推翻一個(gè)政府。下面這戶窮人一夜之間知名發(fā)財(cái)?shù)墓适聭騽⌒缘卣f明了新聞報(bào)道的威力。這戶人家住在南達(dá)科他州一個(gè)人口為23,000的小鎮(zhèn)上，鎮(zhèn)名為阿拜丁。家里已有5個(gè)孩子，全家人常年在貧困中掙扎。第6個(gè)孩子即將問世，他們面臨著更為嚴(yán)峻的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。如果他們只是添了1個(gè)孩子，這件事本來就不會(huì)引起任何人的注意。這家人會(huì)繼續(xù)為克制經(jīng)濟(jì)上的拮據(jù)而

34、奮斗，并默默無聞地活下去。但是他們出人意料地生了個(gè)五胞胎，4女1男。這事使他們的生活發(fā)生了根本的變化。五胞胎降生第二天，一架飛機(jī)飛抵阿拜丁，隨機(jī)帶來60名記者與攝影師。這一家迅速出了名。電視攝像機(jī)和報(bào)紙把消息傳送到全國。報(bào)紙、雜志出高價(jià)向他們購置文字、圖片的獨(dú)家報(bào)道權(quán)。不但素昧平生的人寄來了大量的禮物，而且嬰兒食品、嬰兒肥皂制造廠商為了替自己產(chǎn)品做廣告也寄來了大量的禮物。這家人住的舊農(nóng)舍將由一座價(jià)值50萬美元的新住宅所取代。由于記者紛紛要求會(huì)見，他們不得不請(qǐng)了律師充當(dāng)他們家的發(fā)言人舉行記者招待會(huì)。眼下，五胞胎還靜靜地躺在醫(yī)院嬰兒室的氧氣帳里，他們的父母卻為這名聲付出了代價(jià)，他們再也無法過正常的

35、生活。他們成了商業(yè)化的受害者，因?yàn)樗麄兊拿志哂辛耸袌鰞r(jià)值。這些孩子立即成了商品，而不是5個(gè)新的家庭成員。Lesson53Inthepublicinterest為了公眾的利益TheScandinaviancountriesaremuchadmiredallovertheworldfortheirenlightenedsocialpolicies.Swedenhasevolvedanexcellentsystemforprotectingtheindividualcitizenfromhighhandedorinpetentpublicofficers.Thesystemhasworkedsow

36、ell,thatithasbeenadoptedinothercountriestoo.TheSwedeswerethefirsttorecognizethatpublicofficialslikecivilservants,policeofficers,healthinspectorsortax-collectorscanmakemistakesoractover-zealouslyinthebeliefthattheyareservingthepublic.Aslongagoas1809,theSwedishParliamentintroducedaschemetosafeguardthe

37、interestoftheindividual.AparliamentarymitteerepresentingallpoliticalpartiesappointsapersonwhoissuitablyqualifiedtoinvestigateprivategrievancesagainsttheState.Theofficialtitleofthepersonis'Justiteombudsman',buttheSwedesmonrlyfertohimasthe'J.O.，or'OmbudsmaHheOmbudsmanisnotsubjecttopoli

38、ticalpressure.Heinvestigatesplaintslargeandsmallthatetohimfromalllevelsofsociety.Asplaintsmustbemadeinwriting,theOmbudsmanreceivesanaverageof1,200lettersayear.Hehaseightlawyerassistantstohelphimandheexamineseverysingleletterindetail.ThereisnothingsecretiveabouttheOmbudsman'swork,forhiscorrespond

39、enceisopentopublicinspection.Ifacitizen'splaintisjustified,theOmbudsmanwillactonhisbehalf.Theactionhetakesvariesaccordingtothenatureoftheplaint.Hemaygentlyreprimandanofficialorevensuggesttoparliamentthatalawbealtered.ThefollowingcaseisatypicalexampleoftheOmbudsman'swork.AforeignerlivinginsSw

40、edishvillagewrotetotheOmbudsmanplainingthathehadbeenill-treatedbythepolice,simplybecausehewasaforeigner.TheOmbudsmanimmediatelywrotetotheChiefofPoliceinthedistrictaskinghimtosendarecordofthecase.Therewasnothingintherecordtoshowthattheforeigner'splaintwasjustifiedandtheChiefofPolicestronglydenied

41、theaccusation.ItwasimpossiblefortheOmbudsmantotakeaction,butwhenhereceivedasimilarplaintfromanotherforeignerinthesamevillage,heimmediatelysentoneofhislawyerstoinvestigatethematter.Thelawyerascertainedthatapolicemanhadindeeddealtroughlywithforeignersonseveraloccasions.Thefactthatthepolicemanwasprejud

42、icedagainstforeignerscouldnotberecordedintheofficialfiles.ItwasonlypossiblefortheOmbudsmantofindthisoutbysendingoneofhisrepresentativestocheckthefacts.Thepolicemaninquestionwasseverelyreprimandedandwasinformedthatifanyfurtherplaintswerelodgedagainsthim,hewouldbeprosecuted.TheOmbudsman'spromptact

43、ionatonceputanendtoanunpleasantpracticewhichmighthavegoneunnoticed.參考譯文斯堪的納維亞半島各國實(shí)行的開明的社會(huì)政策，受到全世界的推崇。在瑞典，已逐漸形成了一種完善的制度以保護(hù)每個(gè)公民不受專橫的和不稱職的政府官員的欺壓。由于這種制度行之有效，已被其他國家米納。是瑞典人首先認(rèn)識(shí)到政府工作人員如文職人員、警官、衛(wèi)生稽查員、稅務(wù)人員等等也會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤或者自以為在為公眾服務(wù)而把事情做過了頭。早在1809年，瑞典議會(huì)就建立了一個(gè)保護(hù)公民利益的制度。議會(huì)內(nèi)有一個(gè)代表各政黨利益的委員會(huì)，由它委派一位稱職的人選專門調(diào)查個(gè)人對(duì)國家的意見。此人官銜為司

44、法特派員，但瑞典人一般都管他叫“JO.，即司法特派員。司法特派員不受任何政治壓力的制約。他聽取社會(huì)各階層的各種大小意見，并進(jìn)展調(diào)查。由于意見均需用書面形式提出，司法特派員每年平均收到1,200封信。他有8位律帥做他的助手協(xié)助工作，每封信都詳細(xì)批閱。司法特派員的工作沒有什么秘密可言，他的信件是公開的，供公眾監(jiān)視。如果公民的意見正確，司法特派員便為他伸X正義。司法特派員采取的行動(dòng)因意見的性質(zhì)不同而有所不同。他可以善意地批評(píng)某位官員，也可以甚至向議會(huì)提議修改某項(xiàng)法律。下述事件是司法特派員工作的一個(gè)典型例子。一個(gè)住在瑞典鄉(xiāng)村的外國人寫信給司法特派員，抱怨說他受到警察虐待，原因就是因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)外國人。司法

45、特派員立即寫信給當(dāng)?shù)氐木炀珠L，請(qǐng)他寄送與此事有關(guān)的材料。材料中沒有任何文字記載證明外國人所說的情況符合事實(shí)，警察局長矢口否認(rèn)這一指控。司法特派員難以處理。但是，當(dāng)他又收到住在同一村莊的另一個(gè)外國人寫的一封內(nèi)容類似的投訴信時(shí)，他立即派出一位律師前去調(diào)查。律師證實(shí)有個(gè)警察確實(shí)屢次粗魯?shù)貙?duì)待外國人。警察歧視外國人的事在官方檔案中不可能加以記載，司法特派員只有派他的代表去核對(duì)事實(shí)才能了解真相。當(dāng)事的警察受到嚴(yán)厲斥責(zé)，并被告知，如果再有人投訴他，他將受到起訴。司法特派員與時(shí)采取的行動(dòng)，迅速制止了這一起不愉快的事件，不然這件事可能因未得到人們注意而不了了之。Lesson6Thesportingspiri

46、t體育的精神IamalwaysamazedwhenIhearpeoplesayingthatsportcreatesgoodwillbetweenthenations,andthatifonlythemonpeoplesoftheworldcouldmeetoneanotheratfootballorcricket,theywouldhavenoinclinationtomeetonthebattlefield.Evenifonedidn'tknowfromconcreteexamples(the1936OlympicGames,forinstance)thatinternationa

47、lsportingcontestsleadtoorgiesofhatred,onecoulddeduceitfromgeneralprinciples.Nearlyallthesportspracticednowadaysarepetitive.Youplaytowin,andthegamehaslittlemeaningunlessyoudoyourutmosttowin.Onthevillagegreen,whereyoupickupsidesandnofeelingoflocalpatriotismisinvolved,itispossibletoplaysimplyforthefuna

48、ndexercise:butassoonasthequestionofprestigearises,assoonasyoufeelthatyouandsomelargerunitwillbedisgracedifyoulose,themostsavagebativeinstinctsarearoused.Anyonewhohasplayedeveninaschoolfootballmatchknowsthis.Attheinternationallevel,sportisfranklymimicwarfare.Butthesignificantthingisnotthebehaviorofth

49、eplayersbuttheattitudeofthespectators:and,behindthespectators,ofthenationswhoworkthemselvesintofuriesovertheseabsurdcontests,andseriouslybelieveatanyrateforshortperiodsthatrunning,jumpingandkickingaballaretestsofnationalvirtue.當(dāng)我聽人們說體育運(yùn)動(dòng)可創(chuàng)造國家之間的友誼，還說各國民眾假如在足球場或板球場上交鋒，就不愿在戰(zhàn)場上殘殺的時(shí)候，我總是驚愕不已。一個(gè)人即使不能從具體的

50、事例例如1936年的奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)了解到國際運(yùn)動(dòng)比賽會(huì)導(dǎo)致瘋狂的仇恨，也可以從常理中推斷出結(jié)論。現(xiàn)在開展的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)幾乎都是競爭性的。參加比賽就是為了取勝。如果不拚命去贏，比賽就沒有什么意義了。在鄉(xiāng)間的草坪上，當(dāng)你隨意組成兩個(gè)隊(duì)，并且不涉與任何地方情緒時(shí)，那才有可能是單純?yōu)榱藠蕵泛湾憻挾M(jìn)展比賽?？墒且坏┥媾c到榮譽(yù)問題，一旦你想到你和某一團(tuán)體會(huì)因你輸了而丟臉時(shí)，那么最野蠻的爭斗天性便會(huì)被激發(fā)起來。即使是僅僅參加過學(xué)校足球賽的人也有這種體會(huì)。在國際比賽中，體育簡直是一場模擬戰(zhàn)爭。但是，要緊的還不是運(yùn)動(dòng)員的行為，而是觀眾的態(tài)度，以與觀眾身后各個(gè)國家的態(tài)度。面對(duì)著這些荒唐的比賽，參賽的各個(gè)國家會(huì)如癡如

51、狂，甚至煞有介事地相信至少在短期內(nèi)如此跑跑、跳跳、踢踢球是對(duì)一個(gè)民族品德素質(zhì)的檢驗(yàn)。Lesson16Themoderncity現(xiàn)代城市Intheorganizationofindustriallifetheinfluenceofthefactoryuponthephysiologicalandmentalstateoftheworkershasbeenpletelyneglected.Modernindustryisbasedontheconceptionofthemaximumproductionatlowestcost,inorderthatanindividualoragroupofin

52、dividualsmayearnasmuchmoneyaspossible.Ithasexpandedwithoutanyideaofthetruenatureofthehumanbeingswhorunthemachines,andwithoutgivinganyconsiderationtotheeffectsproducedontheindividualsandontheirdescendantsbytheartificialmodeofexistenceimposedbythefactory.Thegreatcitieshavebeenbuiltwithnoregardforus.Th

53、eshapeanddimensionsoftheskyscrapersdependentirelyonthenecessityofobtainingthemaximuminepersquarefootofground,andofofferingtothetenantsofficesandapartmentsthatpleasethem.Thiscausedtheconstructionofgiganticbuildingswheretoolargemassesofhumanbeingsarecrowdedtogether.Civilizedmenlikesuchawayofliving.Whi

54、letheyenjoythefortandbanalluxuryoftheirdwelling,theydonotrealizethattheyaredeprivedofthenecessitiesoflife.Themoderncityconsistsofmonstrousedificesandofdark,narrowstreetsfullofpetrolfumesandtoxicgases,tornbythenoiseofthetaxicabs,lorriesandbuses,andthrongedceaselesslybygreatcrowds.Obviously,ithasnotbe

55、enplannedforthegoodofitsinhabitants.參考譯文在工業(yè)生活的組織中，工廠對(duì)工人的生理和精神狀態(tài)的影響完全被無視了?，F(xiàn)代工業(yè)的根本概念是：以最低本錢獲取最多產(chǎn)品，為的是讓某個(gè)個(gè)人或某一局部人盡可能多地賺錢?，F(xiàn)代工業(yè)開展起來了，卻根本沒想到操作機(jī)器的人的本質(zhì)。工廠把一種人為的生存方式強(qiáng)加給工人，卻不顧與這種生存方式給工人與其后代帶來的影響。大城市的建設(shè)毫不關(guān)心我們。摩天大樓完全是按這樣的需要修建的：每平方英尺地皮取得最大收入和向租房人提供使他滿意的辦公室和住房。這樣就導(dǎo)致了許多摩天大廈拔地而起，大廈內(nèi)眾多的人擠在一起。文明人喜歡這樣一種生活方式。在享受自己住宅的舒適

56、和庸俗的豪華時(shí)，卻沒有意識(shí)到被剝奪了生活所必需的東西。大得嚇人的高樓和陰暗狹窄的街道組成了今日現(xiàn)代化的城市。街道上充斥著汽油味和有毒氣體，出租汽車、卡車、公共汽車的噪音刺耳難忍，絡(luò)繹不絕的人群擠來擠去。顯然，現(xiàn)代化的城市不是為居民的利益而規(guī)劃的。Lesson34Adolescence青春期Parentsareoftenupsetwhentheirchildrenpraisethehomesoftheirfriendsandregarditasaslurontheirowncooking,orcleaning,orfurniture,andoftenarefoolishenoughtoletth

57、eadolescentsseethattheyareannoyed.Theymayeven|accusethemofdisloyalty,ormakesomespitefulremarkaboutthefriends'parents.Suchalossofdignityanddescentintochildishbehavioronthepartoftheadultsdeeplyshockstheadolescents,andmakesthemresolvethatinfuturetheywillnottalktotheirparentsabouttheplacesorpeopleth

58、eyvisit.Beforeverylongtheparentswillbeplainingthatthechildissosecretiveandnevertellsthemanything,buttheyseldomrealizethattheyhavebroughtthisonthemselves.Disillusionmentwiththeparents,howevergoodandadequatetheymaybebothasparentsandasindividuals,istosomedegreeinevitable.Mostchildrenhavesuchahighidealoftheirparents,unlesstheparentsthemselveshavebeenunsatisfactory,thatitcanhardlyhopetostanduptoarealisticevaluation.Parentswouldbegreatlysurprisedanddeeplytouchediftheyrealizedhowmuchbelieftheirchildrenusuallyhaveintheircharacterandinfallibil