人教版英語選修六第一單元知識點

1、U1（選修六）1) Adj.深奧的，抽象的Astronomyisanabstractsubject.天文學是一門深奧的學科。Theword“honesty”isanabstractnoun.Beautyisabstractbutahouseisnot.美是抽象的，房子是具體的。2) V.?！疤釤挕薄俺槿　盩heworkersareabstractingmetalfromore.工人們正在由礦砂提煉金屬。Rubberisabstractedfromtrees.橡膠是從樹木提取的。Saltcanbeabstractedfromseawater.鹽是從海水中提取出來的?！案爬?，寫摘要”Heisabs

2、tractingastoryforabookreview.他在為一篇書評撰寫故事摘要。3) n.anabstractofalecture一個演講的摘要youratherhaveChineseorWestern-stylepaintingsinyourhomewouldratherdosth情愿做.wouldrathersbdidsth情愿sb做情愿做.而不愿意做：wouldratherdosththandosth=woulddosthratherthandosth=prefertodosthratherthandosth=preferdoingsthtodoingsthIwouldrather

3、stayathometoday.我今天寧愿待在家里。Iwouldratheryoucameheretomorrow.我寧愿你明天來。Iwouldratheryouhadn'ttoldmeaboutityesterday.我寧愿你昨天沒有告訴我關(guān)于它。我寧愿跟你走而不愿意待在這里：Iwouldrathergowithyouthanstayhere.Iwouldgowithyouratherthanstayhere.Iprefertogowithyouratherthanstayhere.Iprefergoingwithyoutostayinghere.n.信任,信仰breakone

4、9;sfaithwithsb.對某人不守信用keepfaithwith忠于信仰;守信Ikeptfaithwithhim.我信守了對他的諾言。Hewholosesfaith,losesall.失去信心的人,失去所有。faithfuladj.忠誠的，可靠的havefaithin相信,信任ingoodfaith老實地；誠懇地therearesomanydifferentstylesofWesternart,itwouldbeimpossibletodescribealloftheminsuchashorttextsalad/adv+thatso+adj+a(an)+(單數(shù)可數(shù))(+that)soma

5、ny/few+n(復(fù)數(shù))什that)somuch/little(不可數(shù))什that)such+adj.+n.(不可數(shù))/n(復(fù)數(shù))ThebookisinterestingthatIwanttoreaditagain.2) Itwasacolddaythattheiceintheriverwasnearlytwofeetthick.3) Itwascoldadaythattheiceintheriverwasnearlytwofeetthick.4) TherearemanymistakesinyourcompositionthatIcan'tunderstandit.5) Hehasm

6、aderapidprogressthathegotthefirstintheexam.sosuchsososuchso+adj./adv.so+adj.+an/a+(單)so+many(few,much,little)+n.such+(a)+(adj.)+nthatMaricwasabletosetupnewbrancheselsewhere.(07陜西)A. SosuccessfulherbusinesswasB. SosuccessfulwasherbusinessC. SoherbusinesswassuccessfulD. SowashersuccessfulbusinessBadv.

7、所以，因此IoversleptandIwaslateforwork.我睡過頭了,所以我上班遲到了。MrFosterhasneverbeentoChina.Consequently,heknowsverylittleaboutit.福斯特先生從未去過中國,所以對中國了解得很少。Itrainedthatdayand_thebaseballgamewascalledoff.A. howeverB.stillC.soD.consequentlyDconsequentadj.作為結(jié)果的,隨之發(fā)生的asaconsequence/result=inconsequence=soShewasfoundguilt

8、y,andlostherjobinconsequence(ofit).她被判有罪,因而失去了工作consequencen.結(jié)果asaconsequence/resultof=becauseof1）n.O（c）目標withoutaim無目的的/無目標的achieveone'saimmissone'saim打不中目標(U)對準,瞄準takeaimatThehuntertookaimatthelionadj.(traditional)常規(guī)的，通常的，傳統(tǒng)的;受俗套束縛的，按習慣辦事的，陳舊的，形式上的sb/sth'saimistodo的目標是Whatisyouraiminli

9、feThegovernor'saimistoincreasecitizens2) v.CD(以槍等)對準，瞄準aimattakeaimatthetarget=aimatthetargetThefactorymustaimatincreasingitsquality.Heaimedhisgunatthetiger,firedbutmissedit.aimlessa.無目標的，無目的的Sheledanaimlesslife.打算，計劃，以為目標，立志做aimatdoing=aimtodo瞄準,力求做到Harryaimsatbecomingadoctor.or:Harryaimstobeco

10、meadoctor.你生活的目的是什么income.瞄準靶子他用槍瞄準老虎并開火，但沒打中，力爭達到conventionalweapons常規(guī)武器aconventionaldesign傳統(tǒng)圖案conventionalopinions舊觀念Thechairmanmadeafewconventionalremarks.主席說了幾句客套話。adj.典型的；具有代表性的；象征性的(representative)atypicalcharacter典型人物typicalexample典型事例Heisatypicalpupil;heislikemostoftheotherpupils.他是一個有代表性的學生

11、，他和大多數(shù)其他學生一樣。adj.evident明白的，明顯的(apparent)n.evidence證據(jù);證明Theapplausemadeitevidentthattheplaywasahit.掌聲顯然表明該劇是成功的。Itisevident(obvious)(tosb)that.It'sevidentthatyouaretired.顯然你累了。inevidence=evident明顯的現(xiàn)實主義的，逼真的，現(xiàn)實的inamorerealisticway以一種更逼真的形式realism現(xiàn)實主義idealismrealist現(xiàn)實主義者terrorism恐怖主義terrorist恐怖分子S

12、ocialismSocialistrealadj.真的realizev.實現(xiàn)9.DuringtheRenaissance,newideasandvaluesgraduallyreplacedthoseheldintheMiddleAges.ideasandvalves定語whichwereheldintheMiddleAgesholdIdeas/value持有的觀點/價值觀Iholdtheviewthattheplancan'twork.adoptvt.再三考慮克恩先生將那孤兒收養(yǎng)為自己的兒子。經(jīng)過討論，議事日程獲得通過。searlyworks.圖書館里藏有那位畫1. 采取;采納;吸收

13、Aftermuchdeliberation,thepresidentdecidedtoadopthersuggestion.之后,我決定采納她的建議。2. 過繼，收養(yǎng)(+as)Mr.Kernadoptedtheorphanashisownson.3. 正式通過，接受Theagendawasadoptedaftersomediscussion.adoptedadj.被收養(yǎng)的，被采用的adoptedchild用作動詞時，不能用于進行時。有多種不同的含義：1) “有，擁有”。如：Thelibrarypossessesanumberoftheartist家的一些早期作品。bepossessedofst

14、h，意為“具有某種品質(zhì)或特征”恐怕他沒有什么幽默感。他很有天賦。這只戒指是他最珍貴的財產(chǎn)之一。2) “具有的特質(zhì)”。常見搭配有如：I'mafraidhedoesn'tpossessasenseofhumor.Heispossessedofgreatnaturalability.3) “支配，控制”。如：Hewaspossessedbythedesiretoberich.possession。【c】財產(chǎn)，所有物(常用復(fù)數(shù))Theringisoneofhermostvaluablepossessions.personalpossessions個人財產(chǎn)Helostallhisposs

15、essionsinthefire.占有表主動）占有表被動）被占有他擁有這套房子。這套房子在他的占有之下。【u】占有，擁有takepossessionof占領(lǐng)，奪取comeintopossessionofinpossessionof(inthepossessionofHeisinofthehouse.Thehouseisintheofhim.-Doestheyoungmanstandingtherethecompany-No.Thecompanyishisfather.of;inofof;intheofof;intheofof;inofconvincesb.todosth=convincesbo

16、fsth.說服某人做Convincesbthat使某人確信某事Heconvincedmeofhissincerity.他使我確信他的真誠。Iwasconvincedthathewassincere.Yourmistakesconvincedmethatyouhadn'tstudiedyourlesson.你的錯誤使我確信你沒有學習功課。convincevt.“使確信；使信服”convincesb.ofsth./that.Scientistsareconvincedthepossibleeffectoflaughterphysicalandmentalhealth.（江西2007）A.o

17、f;atB.by;inC.of;onD.on;atbycoincidence碰巧,由于巧合whatacoincidence！多么湊巧的事情?。hatacoincidencetomeetyouhere.真巧在這兒碰到你。Imethimbycoincidence.Ididn'tknowhewashere.great/gooddeal大量;大量Eversincethereformandopening,Chinahaschangedagreatdeal.（adv.修飾v.）Agreatdealhasbeenstudiedandthisisconsideredthebestwaytosolve

18、thedifficultproblem.（n.）Heranagreatdealfasterthanme.（修飾比較級）agreat/gooddealof為adj，修飾UAgreatdealofmoneywasspentontheproject.那個項目花費了大量金錢。1）修飾可數(shù)名詞：manyafewagood/greatmanyAgreatmanybuildingshavebeenbuiltalongthestreet.alarge/big/great/smallnumberofManya+單數(shù)名詞Morethanone+單數(shù)名詞2）修飾不可數(shù)名詞：muchagood/greatdealof

19、alargeamountof（謂語動詞用單數(shù)）largeamountsof（謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)）3）修飾可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞alotof/lotsofplentyofalargequantityof（謂語動詞用單數(shù)）largequantitiesof（謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)）練習：thestudentsinourschoolgotocollegeintheirteens.AgoodmanyB.AgreatmanyofC.AgreatdealofD.Alotof2.Heisbetternow.Don'tworryabouthim.B. agreatdealofC. anumberofgreatdeali

20、mpressionistswerethefirstartiststopaintoutdoors.Heisalwaysthelastonetoleavetheclassroom.1) n.影子Thewillow'sshadowfallsonthelake.垂柳的影子倒映在湖面上。Theshadowofthisearlytragedyhasaffectedherwholelife.她年紀輕輕遭此劫，影響了她一生。2) v.尾隨，跟蹤Hekeptlookingbehind,afraidofbeingshadowed.他不停的回頭看，害怕被跟蹤。Hewalkedintheshadowhopin

21、gnoonecouldrecognizehim.對比：sitintheshadeofatree.樹蔭1) adj.荒謬的，可笑的Itisridiculousthatsheshouldacceptastranger'sinvitation.他竟然接受了一個陌生人的邀請真是荒唐。v./n.嘲笑，奚落與“l(fā)aughat”和”makefunof”意思相近。Hebecameanobjectofridicule.Theyallridiculemysuggestion.Adj.有爭議的，引起爭論的Hebecameacontroversialfigureintheworldofpolitics.他成為

22、世界政壇上的一位有爭議的人物。n.controversy'k?ntr?,v?:si爭論；論戰(zhàn)；辯論Theuseofnuclearpoweristhesubjectofwidespreadcontroversy.使用核武力是一個會引起廣泛爭議的問題。of很多Ihaveheardthatscoresoftimes.Scoresofpeopleattendedthespecialperformance.score=20Ascoreofpeoplewerepresentattheparty.有20個人參加了聚會Twoscoreofthosepeoplewantedtoflythere.那些人中

23、有40人想乘飛機v.嘗試，企圖v.企圖，試圖；努力試圖，嘗試：努力去執(zhí)行，做或完成attemptdoing反復(fù)嘗試做attempttodo企圖做attempttodo/doing=trytodo/doingThesecondquestionwassodifficult;Ididn'tevenattemptit.第二道題太難了，我連試都沒試。Iattemptedtospeakbutwastoldtobequiet.我想開口說幾句，但有人叫我別做聲。Iattemptedtoreadtheentirenovelinonesitting.Weattemptedthedifficultmaneu

24、verwithoutassistance.n.企圖或努力襲擊；攻擊anattemptonsomeone'slife.對某人生命的攻擊Shellyhadpreparedcarefullyforherbiologyexaminationsothatshecouldbesureofpassingitonherfirst.A)intentionB)attemptC)purposeD)desiremakeanattempttodosthatdoingsthShemadeanattempttocookthedinner.她試著做這頓飯。Theprisonermadeanattempttoescap

25、e/atescapingbutfailed.atone'sattempt在sb嘗試下one'sfirstattempt初次嘗試練習：1) 他試圖行走直到摔倒。He2) 他參加過考試，可是失敗了。Hebutfailed.3) 我企圖說話，可是有人要我安靜點。Ibutwastoldtobequiet.attemptedwalkinguntilhefellover.attemptedtheexaminationattemptedtospeaktheotherhand另一方面，相當于一個副詞。常與ononehand連用。Ononehandontheotherhand方面另一方面This

26、jobisnotwellpaid,butontheotherhand,Idon'thavetoworklonghours.Ononehand,Ineedacomputer,butontheotherhand,Idon'thaveenoughmoney.Athand在手邊，在附近Byhand用手的，手工的Gohandinhandwith與共同行動1) v.預(yù)言，預(yù)測后面加名詞做賓語或接that從句/wh-從句。Nobodycanpredictwhatwillhappeninthefuture.Itisstillnotpossibletoaccuratelypredicttheoc

27、currenceofearthquakes.現(xiàn)在還不可能準確預(yù)測地震的發(fā)生。2) n.Prediction預(yù)言，預(yù)測Herpredictionturnedouttobecorrect.她的預(yù)言證明是正確的。明確的，詳盡的，具體的，特有的Canyoubeabitmorespecificwhenyoutalkaboutyourplan當你談及你的計劃時，你能說的再具體點嗎Eachorganinourbodyhasitsspecificfunction.我們體內(nèi)的每個器官都有自己獨特的作用。Thiskindofdiseaseisspecifictohouses.這種病只有馬才會得。1) 外形;體形;

28、人影Isawafigureinthedarkness.2) 體態(tài);風姿Shehasaslenderfigure.3) 人物;名人Hehasbecomeafigureknowntoeveryone.4) 數(shù)字Wheredidyougetthosefigures5) Hisworknowcommandshugefigures.Heisadelicatechild.纖弱的,嬌弱的，瘦弱的Becarefulwiththosewinecupstheyareverydelicate.容易的InsuchadelicatesituationIhavetoweighmywords.需要小心處理的;微妙的;棘手的

29、在這樣微妙的情形下,我必須權(quán)衡一下我的話。Whatadelicateworkofart!精妙的delicatechina.精美的瓷器aggressiveadj.敢作敢為的;有闖勁的;侵略性的;好斗的Heisveryaggressive.他生性好斗。WeregardedtheIraqWarasanaggressiveone.我們認為伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭是侵略戰(zhàn)爭。anaggressivesalesman一干勁很大的售貨員aggressiveweapons攻擊性武器2) aggressivelyadv.氣勢洶洶地3) aggressionn.侵略(行動)aggressorn.侵略者練習：Ifyouwantt

30、obecomeasuccessfulbusinessman,youmust.如果你想做一個成功的商人，你必須積極進取。mustbedestroyed.必須要銷毀攻擊性的武器。beaggressiveAggressivearmstheflesh活生生，本人，親自Fleshn.肌肉；肉HaveyoueverseenJayChouintheflesh你見過周杰倫本人嗎Hewouldn'tbelieveuntilhesawintheflesh他直到親眼目睹才相信。Fleshandblood肉體，血肉之軀Thoughheisahero,heisstillfleshandblood.Losefle

31、sh減肥Gain/putonflesh增肥Flesh-eating食肉的-prefer1) 更加的喜愛,偏愛UC(+for)Awindowseatismypreference.我喜歡靠窗的座位。Wedresssimplybypreference.首先,最好2) 偏愛的事物(或人)CWhichisyourpreference,teaorcoffee你喜歡喝哪一樣,茶還是咖啡3) 偏袒U(+for)Parentsshouldnotshowpreferenceforanyoneoftheirchildren.父母不應(yīng)流露出對任何一個孩子的偏心。4) 優(yōu)先(權(quán));優(yōu)惠權(quán)UCinpreferenceto

32、優(yōu)先于Haveapreferencefor偏愛Ihaveapreferenceforclassicmusic.我更喜歡古典音樂。Wehadapreferenceforsweetfood.我們特別喜歡吃甜食inprefereneeto優(yōu)先于I'dchoosethesmallcarinpreferencetothelargerone.車而不要那輛大的。Sheehosetolearntheviolininprefereneetothepiano.vi.1)呼吁,懇求appealtosbforsth.Heappealedtomeforhelp.2) 訴諸，求助(+to)Wewillappeal

33、toavarietyofsoureesofinformation.3) 有吸引力，迎合愛好W(+to)TheideaappealedtoMary.4) 【律】上訴(+to/against)Heappealedagainstthefive-yearsenteneehehadbeengiven.adj.精細的；易碎的；脆弱的；Ashebrokeupwithhisgirlfriend，hisheartwasfragile.由于他同女朋友分手了，他的心很脆弱。Reputationn.CD名譽，名聲(+for)Thestorehasanexeellentreputationforfairdealing.

34、我寧可選擇那輛小的汽她愿學小提琴而不學鋼琴該店買賣公平，聲譽極佳。Hehasareputationforeheatingintheexam.haveareputation享有盛名D2好名聲，聲望;信譽Thisrestauranthasafinereputation.Cheatingatthegameruinedthatplayer的聲望。他以考試作弊而享有盛名。這家餐廳信譽很好。sreputation.比賽時作弊敗壞了那位選手liveuptoone'sreputationloseone'sreputationwinahighreputation不負盛名失去盛名；贏得很高的聲譽Y

35、oumustliveuptoyourpromise.你必須實踐自己的諾言。Theyarealwaysexhortedtodeliverresultsandtoliveuptotheirparents'highexpeetations他們無時無刻被提醒要考取好成績，實現(xiàn)父母對他們的高度期望。28.、Themuseumdisplaysmorethanjustthevisualdelightsofart.博物館展示的不僅僅是視覺上的樂趣。morethan名詞意為“不僅僅”，morethanjust相當于notonly,notjust的意思。如：Jasonismorethanalecturer;