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1、大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題2008年01月( 總分: 693.00 ,做題時(shí)間: 90 分鐘 )一、BPartIWriting/B(總題數(shù): 1 分?jǐn)?shù):106.00)1. 各大學(xué)為學(xué)生開(kāi)設(shè)了多種多樣的選修課 2. 學(xué)生出于各種原因選擇不同的選修課 3. 以我自己為例 B What Electivesto Choose/B(分?jǐn)?shù): 106.00 ) 正確答案: ()解析: B 參考范文 What Electives to Choose/B With the reform of college education, universities and collegesstart to provide stud
2、ents with more electives of various kinds. Some of the courses offer knowledge in liberal arts withthe purpose of broadening students horizon, while others deal with the practical skills in order to enhance studentscompetence and prepare them for the future career. What is lying behind the different
3、 choices of elective courses?Those who want to acquire some specific knowledge besides their majors may choose courses in the fields of finance,economy or the law. For those who intend to enrich their life with cultural, historical and humanistic thoughts and ideas,the courses in literature, philoso
4、phy and arts may be more preferable. For students who select courses like BusinessEnglish, PASCAL Language and SPSS Analysis, their objectives are obviously to gather more strength in preparationfor the severe competition in future job hunting. As for me, I give priority to my personal interests. I
5、will choose History ofWestern Civilization to promote my understanding of the western culture and arts and I believe Appreciation of GreatEnglish Movies will satisfy my thirsty for spectacularfilms. So, you see, elective courses will make my college life colorful and enjoyable. 審題 本題要求考生寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于選擇選修課的文
6、章。從話題范圍上看是校園內(nèi)話題,屬于三段式議論文寫(xiě)作。作 文可以按照這樣的提綱書(shū)寫(xiě):第一段說(shuō)明各大學(xué)開(kāi)設(shè)選修課的情況;第二段討論學(xué)生不同的選課原因;第 三段寫(xiě)我的觀點(diǎn)或者我的做法,可以采取比較開(kāi)放的寫(xiě)法。 提綱 Outline 1. Various elective courses are offered in colleges and universities.Courses in liberal arts. Courses in practical skills.2. The reasons for the choices. Gain knowledge besides the major
7、s. Enrich life and thoughts. Grasp practical tools. 3. Ichoose electives according to my personal interests.二、BPartnReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)/B(總題數(shù):1,分?jǐn)?shù): 70.00)B Universities Branch Out/BAs never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of nationalcompet
8、ition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientificdiscoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating thetalent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time,the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services,
9、 information andespecially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutualunderstanding and geopolitical stability.In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities havebecomemore self-consciously global: seeking students from around the wor
10、ld whorepresent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroadto prepare them for globalcareers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnectedworld and collaborative (合作的) research programs toadvance science for the benefit of all humanity.Of
11、the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movementacross borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving homeeach year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed n
12、ation to another, but theflow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, fromdeveloped to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of thosein the United Kingd
13、om. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study isgrowing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at Americas best institutions and10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of thenewly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, a
14、nd in Chinamanynewly hired faculty membersat the top research universities received theirgraduate education abroad.Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduateyears in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in theErasmus program each yea
15、r, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participatinginstitutions across the continent.And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summerinternships(實(shí)習(xí)) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led theway, offering every undergraduate at least on
16、e international study or internshipopportunity - and providing the financial resources to make it possible.Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involvessourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor andHoward Hughes Medical Institute inv
17、estigator Tian Xu directs a research centerfocused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghais Fudan University, incollaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility.Yale faculty,pos
18、tdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attendvideoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangementbenefits both countries; Xus Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs ofconducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors andfacul
19、ty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world inthe commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer andthe integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet inf
20、rastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) andapplications software of the1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is oftenindirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created byStanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spunoff
21、from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copyingof this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft andscores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shoparound the university.For all its success, the United States rema
22、ins deeply hesitant about sustaining theresearch-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment inscience and national economic strength, but support for research funding has beenunsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and2003, but has
23、 risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physicalsciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. Theattempt to makeup lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served bysteady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of
24、 long-term GDPgrowth,which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreignstudents can greatly promote the national interest by increasing internationalunderstanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for in
25、ternational exchanges andforeign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake ofSeptember 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the numberof foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surgein enrollments in Australia, S
26、ingapore and the U.K. Objections from Americanuniversity and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal ofthe decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to internationalstudents.Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nations well
27、-beingthrough their scientific research, but manyfear that foreign students threaten Americancompetitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp thewelcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects:first, the very best of them stay in t
28、he States and - like immigrants throughout history-strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United Statesbecome ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍視)values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better.In America as elsewhere, few instruments of
29、 foreign policy are as effective inpromoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.(分?jǐn)?shù): 70.00 )(1).From the first paragraph we know that present-day universities have become _ . (分?jǐn)?shù):7.00 )A. more and more research-orientedB. more popularized than ever beforeC. in-service
30、 training organizationsD.a powerful force for global integrationV解析:本題問(wèn)“根據(jù)第一段我們了解到目前的大學(xué)變得如何”。第一段中提到大學(xué)“ have become instruments ofnational competition as well as instruments of peace( 變成了國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與和平的工具)”, 并對(duì)此進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明, 接著又說(shuō)“ But at the sametime , has madeuniversities a powerful force for globalintegration ,
31、mutual understanding and geopoliticalstability .(但與此同時(shí).使得大學(xué)成為一個(gè)國(guó)際融合、相互理解和地理政治穩(wěn)定的強(qiáng)大力量)”。故D “國(guó)際融合的強(qiáng)大力量”與文意一致,正確。 A “越來(lái)越以研究為方向”、 B “在職訓(xùn)練中心”、 C “比以往更為普及”文中均 未提及。(2)_.Over the past threedecades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased _.(分?jǐn)?shù):7.00 )A. by 2.5 millionB. at an annual rate of 3.9 per
32、centC. by 800,000VD. at an annual rate of 8 percent解析:本題問(wèn)“過(guò)去 30 年中出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生增加的情況”。根據(jù)題文中“ Over the past threedecadesoverseas students .”可知文中相關(guān)部分在第三段。文中提到“在過(guò)去30 年中,出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生數(shù)目以每年 3.9%的比例增長(zhǎng)”,故C “每年增加 3.9%”與文意一致,正確。A “增加了 250 萬(wàn)”、 B “增加了 80 萬(wàn)”文中說(shuō)的是“從 1975 年的 80 萬(wàn)增到 2004 年的 250 萬(wàn)”。D “每年增加 8%”文中說(shuō)的是外國(guó)學(xué)生數(shù)目在美國(guó)著名大
33、學(xué)中占到8%。(3) .In the United States, how many of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born? (分?jǐn)?shù): 7.00 )A. 10%.B. 30%.VC. 20%.D. 38%.解析:本題問(wèn)“在美國(guó),有多少新近聘用的理工科教授出生于國(guó)外”。根據(jù)題文中the newly hiredprofessors in science and engineering 可知文中相關(guān)部分在第三段, 其中提到“ In the United States ,20 percent
34、of thenewly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born ,” (在 美國(guó),有 20%新近聘用的理工科教授出生于國(guó)外,)故B “20%正確。 A “10%文中說(shuō)的是在英 國(guó)最好的教育機(jī)構(gòu)中外國(guó)留學(xué)生的比例占到10%。 C “30%”文中說(shuō)的是在美國(guó)有30%的博士學(xué)位被授予外國(guó)留學(xué)生。 D “38%”文中說(shuō)的是在英國(guó),有38%的博士學(xué)位被授予外國(guó)留學(xué)生。(4).How do Yale andHarvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?(分?jǐn)?shù):
35、 7.00)A. They organize a series of seminars on world economy.B. They offer them various courses in international politics.C. They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program.D. They give them chances for international study or internship.V解析:本題問(wèn)“為了使本科生適應(yīng)全球性工作,耶魯大學(xué)和哈佛大學(xué)做了怎樣的安排”。根據(jù)題文中Yalean
36、d Harvard 可知文中相關(guān)部分在第四段,其中提到“ Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering everyundergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity-and providing thefinancial resources to make it possible. ”(耶魯大學(xué)和哈佛大學(xué)領(lǐng)先一步,為每位本科生提供不少于一次的國(guó)際交流學(xué)習(xí)或?qū)嵙?xí)的機(jī)會(huì),并提供財(cái)政支持以保證其實(shí)施。)故D “給予學(xué)生開(kāi)展國(guó)際學(xué)習(xí)交流或?qū)嵙?xí)的機(jī)會(huì)”正確。A “他們組織
37、了關(guān)于世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的系列講座”、B “他們提供了關(guān)于國(guó)際政治的 各糞課程文”中均未提及。C “他們安排學(xué)生參與伊拄斯默斯計(jì)劃”:文中提到歐洲有140 萬(wàn)學(xué)生參加了伊拉斯默斯計(jì)劃,但沒(méi)提到耶魯或哈佛大學(xué)有這樣的安排。(5)_.An exampleillustrating the general trend of universities globalization is _ . (分?jǐn)?shù):7.00 )VA. Yales collaboration with Fudan University on genetic researchB. Yales helping Chinese universities
38、 to launch research projectsC. Yales student exchange program with European institutionsD. Yales establishing branch campuses throughout the world 解析:本題問(wèn)“有怎樣的事例可以說(shuō)明大學(xué)全球化的普遍趨勢(shì)”。 文中相關(guān)部分在第五段, 其中提到“ Yaleprofessor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused
39、on the geneticsof human disease at Shanghais Fudan University, in collaboration withfaculty colleagues from both schools”( 耶魯大學(xué)教授兼霍華德休斯醫(yī)學(xué)院研究員徐天在上海復(fù)旦大學(xué)主持的人類疾病基因研究中心,就是在兩所學(xué)校教研人員的合作下開(kāi)展工作的。)故A “耶魯大學(xué)與復(fù)旦大學(xué)在基因研究方面的合作”正確。 A “耶魯大學(xué)幫助中國(guó)的大學(xué)發(fā)動(dòng)研究項(xiàng)目”。C “耶魯大學(xué)D “耶魯大學(xué)在世界各地建立分?!薄_@三項(xiàng)文中均未提及。(6).What do we learn about Si
40、licon Valley from the passage?A. It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.B. It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company.C. It was intentionally created by Stanford University.D. It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up. 解析:本題問(wèn)“從文章可以得到關(guān)于硅谷怎樣的信息”。根據(jù)題文中 第六段,其中提到硅谷就是
41、斯坦福大學(xué)有目的地創(chuàng)設(shè)的,。的”正確。A “硅谷為許多發(fā)源于麻有理工學(xué)院和哈佛大學(xué)的公司提供了辦公地點(diǎn)”:文中說(shuō)的是波士頓外 128 號(hào)地區(qū)有許多發(fā)源于麻省理工學(xué)院和哈佛大學(xué)的公司 稱”、D “在硅谷建設(shè)了因特網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施”文中均未提及。(7).What is said about the U.S. federal funding for research?A. It has increased by 3 percent.B. It has been unsteady for years.VC. It has been more than sufficient.D. It doubled bet
42、ween 1998 and 2003. 解析:本題問(wèn)“文中關(guān)于用于科研的美國(guó)聯(lián)邦基金是怎樣講的”politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strengthbut support for research funding has been unsteady” (大多數(shù)政治家們認(rèn)識(shí)到了在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域投資和國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢(shì)之間的關(guān)聯(lián),但是對(duì)于研究的經(jīng)費(fèi)支持卻處于不穩(wěn)定的狀態(tài)。)故B “多年來(lái)一直不穩(wěn)定”正確。A “增加了 3% :文中說(shuō)的是聯(lián)邦基金應(yīng)該依照物價(jià)上漲的幅度每年再增加3 個(gè)
43、百分點(diǎn)。C “一直是蚌蚌有余”:與文中經(jīng)費(fèi)不足的暗示相反。D “在 1998 到 2003 年間增加了一倍”:文中說(shuō)的是國(guó)家衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)的預(yù)算翻了一倍,但是此后其增長(zhǎng)卻低于物價(jià)上漲的幅度。(8).The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U.S. after September 11 was caused by.(分?jǐn)?shù): 7.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: changes in the visa process )解析: 本題空白處問(wèn)“ 9?11 之后美國(guó)留學(xué)生入學(xué)人數(shù)的大幅下降是由什么引起的”。 根據(jù)
44、題文中 dramatic decline可知文中相關(guān)部分在倒數(shù)第二段,其中提到“ In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused adramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission toUSuniversities,” (由于 911 的影響,在簽證審批程序方面發(fā)生的改變導(dǎo)致了申請(qǐng)到美國(guó)大學(xué)求學(xué)的留學(xué)生人數(shù)的大幅減少,.。)因此答案為“ changes in the visa process ”。(9).Many America
45、ns fear that American competitiveness may be threatened by foreign students whowill _ . (分?jǐn)?shù): 7.00)填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: take their knowledge and skills back home)解析:本題空白處問(wèn)“許多美國(guó)人擔(dān)心留學(xué)生怎么樣會(huì)使美國(guó)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力受到威脅”。文中相關(guān)部分在倒數(shù) 第一段,其中提到“ but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their kn
46、owledge and的學(xué)生與歐洲的教育機(jī)構(gòu)交換計(jì)劃”分?jǐn)?shù): 7.00 )VSilicon Valley 可知文中相關(guān)部分在)故C “硅谷是斯坦福大學(xué)有目的地創(chuàng)建B “硅谷因?yàn)槭俏④浌镜恼Q生地而著(分?jǐn)?shù): 7.00 )文中相關(guān)部分在第七段, 其中提到“ MostVskills back home.(. 但是許多人擔(dān)心留學(xué)生會(huì)將知識(shí)和技術(shù)帶回自己的國(guó)家,從而威脅到美國(guó)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。 )因此答案為“ take their knowledge and skills back home”。(10).The policy of welcoming foreign students can benefit
47、the U.S. in that the very best of them will stay and.(分?jǐn)?shù): 7.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: strengthen the nation )解析: 本題空白處問(wèn)“歡迎留學(xué)生的政策會(huì)為美國(guó)帶來(lái)好處, 這是因?yàn)榱魧W(xué)生當(dāng)中最好的那些大會(huì)留在美 國(guó)并且怎樣”。根據(jù)題文中 the very best of them 可知文中相關(guān)部分在倒數(shù)第一段,其中提到“the verybest of them stay in the States and-like immigrants throughout history-strengthen then
48、ation ” (留學(xué)生當(dāng)中最優(yōu)秀的人留在了美國(guó)正如史上的移民那樣使得美國(guó)變得更為強(qiáng)大。 ) 因此答案為“ strengthen the nation ”。三、BPart 川 Listening Comprehension/B(總題數(shù):3,分?jǐn)?shù):105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.(分?jǐn)?shù): 56.00 )A. She used to be in
49、 poor health.B. She was somewhat overweight.C. She was popular among boys.VD. She didnt do well at high school.解析: 聽(tīng)力原文 W: I ran into Sally the other day. I could hardly recognize her. Do you remember her from high school?M: Yeah, she was a little out of shape back then. Well, has she lost a lot of
50、weight? Q: What does the man remember ofSally?本題問(wèn)“男士關(guān)于薩利有什么樣的記憶 ?”女士說(shuō)“幾天前我遇到了薩利。 我?guī)缀跽J(rèn)不出她了。 你還記得她上高中時(shí)的樣子嗎 ?”男士說(shuō)“她那個(gè)時(shí)候身體 有些走形了。那么,她的體重減輕了許多嗎?”問(wèn)體重減輕了沒(méi)有,也就是說(shuō)薩利那時(shí)太胖了。因此C “她那時(shí)有些胖”正確。A. At the airport.B. In a booking office.C. In a restaurant.D. At the hotel reception.V解析: 聽(tīng)力原文 W: Wedont seem to have a res
51、ervation for you, sir. Im sorry. M: But my secretary said that she hadreserved a room for me here. I phoned her from the airport this morning just before I got on board the plane. Q: Wheredoes the conversation most probably take place?本題問(wèn)“本對(duì)話最有可能發(fā)生在什么地方 ?”女士說(shuō)“很抱歉, 我們似乎沒(méi)有您的預(yù)定。 ”男士說(shuō)“但是我的 秘書(shū)說(shuō)她在這里為我預(yù)定了房
52、間。我今天早上在登機(jī)之前剛給她去過(guò)電話?!彼麄?cè)谡務(wù)撚袥](méi)有定好房間 的事,也就是說(shuō)這個(gè)對(duì)話應(yīng)該發(fā)生在賓館大堂的接待處。因此D “賓館接待處”正確。A. Teaching her son by herself.B. Asking the teacher for extra help.VC. Having confidence in her son.D. Telling her son not to worry.解析: 聽(tīng)力原文 W: What would you do if you were in my place? M: If Paul were my son, Id just not wor
53、ry. Now thathis teacher is giving him extra help and he is working harder himself, hes sure to do well in the next exam. Q: Whats themans suggestion to the woman?本題問(wèn)“男士給女士的建議是什么 ?”女士問(wèn)“如果你處于我的位置,你會(huì)怎么辦 ?”男士說(shuō)“如果保羅是我的兒子,我就 不會(huì)那么擔(dān)憂。既然他的老師正在為他做額外的輔導(dǎo),而且他自己也比以前更努力了,在下次考試中他一 定會(huì)考好的?!币簿褪钦f(shuō)男士認(rèn)為女士不必為她的兒子保羅擔(dān)心。因此 B
54、“對(duì)她的兒子有信心”正確。A. Have a short break.VB. Continue her work outdoors.C. Take two weeks off.D. Go on vacation with the man.解析: 聽(tīng)力原文 M: Youve had your hands full and have been overworked during the last two weeks. I think you reallyneed to go out and get some fresh air and sunshine. W: You are right. Tha
55、ts just what Im thinking about. Q: What is thewoman most probably going to do? 本題問(wèn)“女士最 有可能將去做什么事 ?”男士說(shuō)“你上兩個(gè)星期忙得不可開(kāi)交,工作過(guò)度了。我想你真的需要出去走走, 呼吸點(diǎn)新鮮空氣,曬曬太陽(yáng)?!蹦惺康慕ㄗh實(shí)際上是讓女士出去休息一陣。女士回答說(shuō):“是呀,我正在考 慮這事兒呢。 ”也就是說(shuō)女士正想出去度假休息一下。因此 A “休個(gè)短假”正確。A. He is taking care of his twin brother.B. He has been feeling ill all week.C
56、. He is worried about Rods health.D.He has been in perfect condition.V解析: 聽(tīng)力原文 W: Hello, John. How are you feeling now? I hear youve been ill. M: They must have confused mewith my twin brother Rod. Hes been sick all wee. k, but Ive never felt better in my life. Q: What do we learn about theman?本題問(wèn)“關(guān)
57、于男士我們知道些什么 ?”女士問(wèn)“約翰,你現(xiàn)在感覺(jué)怎么樣 ?我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你病了?!蹦惺空f(shuō)“他們肯定是把我和我的孿生兄弟弄混了。他病了一周了,但是我的身體棒得很?!币簿褪钦f(shuō)生病的是約翰的孿生兄弟,而約翰身體很好。因此D “他的身體狀況極佳” 正確。A. She sold all her furniture before she moved house.B. She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.VC. She plans to put all her old furniture in the basement.D. She bought
58、 a new set of furniture from Italy last month.解析: 聽(tīng)力原文 M: Did you really give away all your furniture when you moved into the new house last month? W:Just the useless pieces, as Im planning to purchase a new set from Italy for thesitting room only. Q: What does the woman mean?本題問(wèn)“女士的話是什么意思 ?”男士問(wèn)“你上個(gè)
59、月搬新家的時(shí)候真的把所有的家具都送人了 ?”女士說(shuō)“就送了些不用的家具,因?yàn)槲掖蛩阒皇菫槠鹁邮覐囊獯罄I一套新家具?!币簿褪钦f(shuō)女士并沒(méi)有將所有的家具都送人。因此B “她的新家里還是保留了一些舊家具”正確。A. The woman wondered why the man didnt return the book.B. The woman doesnt seem to know what the book is about.C. The woman doesnt find the book useful any more.D. The woman forgot lending the book
60、 to the man.V解析: 聽(tīng)力原文 M: Ive brought back your Oxford Companion to English literature. I thought you might use it for yourpaper. Sorry not to have returned it earlier. W: I was wondering where that book was. Q: What can we infer from theconversation?本題問(wèn)“從對(duì)話中可以做出怎樣的推斷 ?”男士說(shuō)“我把你的 英國(guó)文學(xué)牛津指南 還回來(lái)了。 我想你寫(xiě)論文
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