2018年高考英語全國I卷試卷

1、絕密啟用前2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英 語注意事項(xiàng)：1 .答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2 .回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦 干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3 .考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分 30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。3. When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.4. How doe

2、s the woman go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.第二節(jié) （共15小題；每小題 L5分，滿分223分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題 段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。第一節(jié) （共5小題；每小題 5分，滿分73分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)

3、小題和閱讀下一小題。例：How much is the shirt?A. £9.15.B.境 18.答案是Co1. What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.2. What can we say about the woman?A. She's generous.B. She;s curious.A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對 每段對話僅讀一遍。C.冢 15.C. Write a report.C. She;s helpful.C. At 10:30.C. By bike.C

4、. Doctor and patient.A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6. What does the woman regret?A. Giving up her research.B. Dropping out of college.C. Changing her major.7. What is the woman interested in studying now?A. Ecology.B. Education.C. Chemistry.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8. What is the man

5、?A. A hotel manager.B. A tour guide.9. What is the man doing for the woman?A. Looking for some local foods.B. Showing her around the seaside.C. Offering information about a hotel.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In an office.B. At home.11. What will the speaker

6、s do tomorrow evening?A. Go to a concert.B. Visit a friend.12. Who is Alice going to call?A. Mike.B. Joan.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13. Why does the woman meet the man?A. To look at an apartment.B. To deliver some furniture.C. To have a meal together.14. What does the woman like about the carpet?A. Its color

7、.B. Its design.15. What does the man say about the kitchen?A. It's a good size.B. It's newly painted.16. What will the woman probably do next?A. Go downtown.B. Talk with her friend.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?A. Movie fans.B. News reporters.18. When did the s

8、peaker take English classes?A. Before he left his hometown.B. After he came to America.C. When he was 15 years old.19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A. He's proud.B. He's sympathetic.20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?A. How education shaped his life.B. How his languag

9、e skills improved.C. A taxi driver.C. At a restaurant.C. Work extra hours.C. Catherine.C. Its quality.C. It's adequately equipped.C. Make payment.C. College students.C. He's grateful.C. How he managed his business well.精選第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40分） 第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2分，？茜分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，

10、選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWashington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous mon

11、uments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours （4 miles）Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the Na

12、tional Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.BGood Morning Britain ' s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning , but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role - showing families h

13、ow to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food , she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under 5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain prese

14、nter says she ' s been able to put a lot of what she' s learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sorSam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.“We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant," sh（“ pay £ 50r a portion （ '）, bu

15、t Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil.Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we' re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.The eight-part series （系歹U節(jié)目）,Save Money: Good Food , follows in the footsteps of ITV Save Money: Good Hea

16、lth, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week.In tonight ' s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some del

17、icious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family ' s long wee（keled>rotion with less expensive but still tasty recipes.B. She has started a new programme.D. She has had a tight budget for her familyB. He prepares food for her kids.D. He invites guest families for her.26. What do

18、es the author intend to do in paragraph 4? A. Summarize the previous paragraphs. C. Add some background information.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartC. Making Yourself a Perfect ChefCapital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursMorning or After

19、noon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smoo

20、th tour route （ 路線） make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours （7 miles）Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites o

21、f Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom

22、 Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. E

23、njoy interesting stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.C. Meals.D. Safety lights.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests. C. She dislikes working early in the morning.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susan

24、na?A. He buys cooking materials for her.C. He assists her in cooking matters.B. Provide some advice for the readers.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.B. Balancing Our Daily DietD. Cooking Well for LessCLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has b

25、een less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit （ 聯(lián)系）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, the

26、y spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal

27、 compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have causedmany languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of

28、 these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and精選and desktop co

29、mputers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbit t ' s team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost

30、of minerals.the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number （ 中位數(shù) ） of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world' s languages fewesrpokeple than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinc

31、tion （ 消亡）,with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon （eight remaining speakers）, Chiapaneco in Mexico （150）, Lipan Apache in the United States （two or three） or Wadjigu in Australia （one, with a question-mark）: none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. W

32、hat can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A. They developed very fast.B. They werelarge innumber.C. They had similar patterns.D. They werecloselyconnected.29. Which of the following best explains dominant" underlined in paragraph 2?A. Complex.B.Advanced.C. Powerful.D. Modern.30.

33、 How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A. About 6,800.B. About 3,400.C. About 2,400.D. About 1,200.31. What is the main idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B. People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.C. Human development results in fewer languages

34、.D. Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think we 're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices （裝置）well after they go out of style. That ' bad news for the environment - a

35、nd our wallets - as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each produc

36、t throughout its life -from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital camera

37、s arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn' t throw out ouT hedlivinssroom television is replacedand gets planted in the kids' room, and sudd

38、enly one day, you have a TV in every room oftseidiouisaeresearcher.The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We ' re not just keeping these old devices -we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt s team, old desktop monitors a

39、nd box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what's the solution （解決方案）? The team ' s data only went up to 2007）ut the researchers also explored what

40、 would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVsB. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on

41、 new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV . B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV . D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart

42、.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Color is fundamental in home design -something you ' ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you' ll love to live in

43、. Dfuylouf we?t a room thatProfessional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36, color is the key to making a roomfeel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.37, they can

44、get a little complex. But good news is that there re really bnly three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.38. They ' re the ltte spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual

45、interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves.39. Theyr

46、equire a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you' re lookiior paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40.A. W

47、hile all of them are usefulB. Whatever you e looking forC. I f you ' re experimenting with a colorD. Small color choices are the ones we' re most familiar withE. It 'not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the fi

48、rst timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways精選course, (cause).'t want toits probably runningo avoid knee pain, you10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每第三部分 語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié) （共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。During my second year at the city co

49、llege, I was told that the education department was offering a " free " called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn 42 a few dollars? More than that, I' d always wanted to learn chensif Awe；ren' 43 enough about freecredi

50、ts, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which 45 I would be learning from one of the game 46 .1 could hardly wait to 47 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48 was no game for him; he meant business. In h

51、is introduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and,52 , to our lives. I managed to get anA in that53and learned life lessons that

52、 have served me well beyond the54 .Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I ' rmtill putti ng to use what he 55 me: The absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent (對手)is d

53、oing and 59 the best move from among all your options .' These words still ring true today in my 60 as a journalist.your risk of 63 (die) early by running.While running regularly can ' t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling

54、or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 201466 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwisecan run on soft surfaces, do exercises

55、 to 68 (strength) your leg muscles ( 肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it'69s alwayergy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分 35分）第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，？茜分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有 句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號（A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不