同位語從句童愛平

1、1 同位語從句同位語從句 定義定義: 同位語從句對名詞進一步解釋，說明名詞同位語從句對名詞進一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內容。的具體內容。Appositive Clause2觀察觀察3（5）Beijing ，the capital of China，is the economic and political center in China.4Appositive Clause：同位語question, problem, no ideawhy, how, where, what, whethersuggestion/proposal/demand/request/order+ that + sb (

2、should) doForm: n. + clause/n，Meaning: 表明抽象名詞的內容表明抽象名詞的內容Noun : idea, fact, view, opinion, reason, 連詞連詞: that語序語序: 陳述語序陳述語序探究5一、同位語從句在句中位置 1. 一般情況下同位語從句一般情況下同位語從句跟在某些名詞（如跟在某些名詞（如newsnews，ideaidea，factfact，promisepromise，hopehope，messagemessage等）的后面等）的后面，用以說明該名詞所表達的具體內容。例如用以說明該名詞所表達的具體內容。例如The news t

3、hat our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. Ive come from Mr. Wang with a message that he wont be able to see you this afternoon.62. 有時同位語從句可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后，有時同位語從句可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后，而被別的詞語隔開，在語法上叫做而被別的詞語隔開，在語法上叫做分隔式同位語從分隔式同位語從句句。例如：。例如： The thought came to her that m

4、aybe she had left the door open when she left home. The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again. 7二、同位語從句前名詞的數(shù) 同位語從句前的名詞通常用單數(shù)形式同位語從句前的名詞通常用單數(shù)形式，并且往往帶，并且往往帶有限定詞有限定詞（wordword除外除外）加以修飾。例如：）加以修飾。例如： Where did you get the idea that I could not come？ Give me your promise that

5、you will come to our party this evening Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15，2003. 84.The 4.The thoughtthought that they would cross the that they would cross the whole continent was exciting. whole continent was exciting. 5.Some people have the 5.Some people have the i

6、deaidea that you can that you can cross Canada in less than five days . cross Canada in less than five days . 6.They forget the 6.They forget the factfact that Canada is that Canada is 5.500 kilometres from coast to coast. 5.500 kilometres from coast to coast. 7.The girls were surprised at the 7.The

7、 girls were surprised at the factfact that that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.9三、同位語從句連接詞的選用 在英語中，引導同位語從句的詞通常有連詞（在英語中，引導同位語從句的詞通常有連詞（thatthat，whowho，whetherwhether），連接副詞（），連接副詞（howhow，whenwhen，wherewhere）等。）等。例如：例如： They were all very much worried ov

8、er They were all very much worried over the fact the fact thatthat you were sick. you were sick. The question The question whowho should do the work should do the work requires consideration. requires consideration. We havent yet settled We havent yet settled the question the question wherewhere we

9、are going to spend our summer we are going to spend our summer vacation. vacation. 10 We have some doubt We have some doubt whether whether they they can complete the task on time. can complete the task on time. There is no doubt There is no doubt thatthat Zhang Wei Zhang Wei will keep his promise.

10、will keep his promise. 在名詞在名詞doubt“doubt“懷疑懷疑”后的同位語從句用后的同位語從句用whetherwhether連接；在連接；在no doubt“no doubt“不懷疑不懷疑”之之后的同位語從句用后的同位語從句用thatthat連接。例如：連接。例如：11 有些名詞的后面可以接that引導的同位語從句，： We came to the decision that we must act at once. He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone. There was little hope that

11、 he would survive. 同位語從句：thatthat不可省略1213 3.he suggestion that students 3.he suggestion that students should learn something practical should learn something practical is is worth considering.worth considering. 4. 4.The suggestion that they are The suggestion that they are considering considering is

12、 that students should is that students should learn something practical.learn something practical. 14 5. He made 5. He made a promise that he a promise that he wouldnt be able to keepwouldnt be able to keep. . 6.He made 6.He made a promise that he would a promise that he would spend more time with h

13、is son.spend more time with his son.157.Have you heard the news that our team won the game? 8.Have you heard the news that was reported from the front?16 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別:(1) 定語從句中的定語從句中的that既代替先行詞，同時以在從既代替先行詞，同時以在從句中句中作某個成分（主語或賓語）作某個成分（主語或賓語），而同位語從句，而同位語從句中的中的that是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，是連詞，只起連接

14、主句與從句的作用，不充當句中任何成分。不充當句中任何成分。(2) 定語從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行定語從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對先行詞加以限定，詞，對先行詞加以限定，描述它的性質或特征描述它的性質或特征；同位語從句是名詞性的，其功能是同位語從句是名詞性的，其功能是對名詞進行具對名詞進行具體內容的補充說明體內容的補充說明。17 同位語從句（同位語從句（Appositive ClauseAppositive Clause）: that: that只起到連接作用不充當任何成分。 從句是完整的從句是完整的。 定語從句（定語從句（Relative ClauseRelative Cla

15、use）：）：thatthat不僅起到連接作用，還代替先行詞在從句中充當成分。 從句是不完整的。從句是不完整的。Can that be omitted?18 whetherwhether可以引導同位語從句，而定語從句不能用可以引導同位語從句，而定語從句不能用whetherwhether作為引導詞。作為引導詞。 He hasnt made the decision whether he will go there. 他還沒有做出決定是否去那里。 I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job. 他是否適合這件工作我有點懷疑。同位語從句：

16、whether19 what可以引導同位語從句，而定語從句不能用what作為引導詞 I have no idea what he is doing now. how可以引導同位語從句，而定語從句不能用how作為引導詞 Its a question how he did it. 那是一個他如何做了此事的問題。同位語從句：what同位語從句：how20 who，whom，which，when，where，why用來引導同位語從句 The question who should do the work requires consideration. 誰該干這項工作，這個問題需要考慮。 She rai

17、sed the question where we could get the fund. 她提出這個問題：我們到哪兒去搞這筆資金。同位語從句：who等21 1.We must face the fact that we have the fact that we have spent all our money.spent all our money. 2.Word Word came where our team had where our team had won the gamewon the game. 3.They asked me the question the questio

18、n whether the work was worth doing.whether the work was worth doing. 4.The problem that it is right or .The problem that it is right or wrongwrong has not been yet decided. 5.I have no idea what he saididea what he said. thatwhether (R)(W)(R)(W)(R)221.I ask her _ come with me. A. if she will B. if w

19、ill she C. whether will she D. will she 2._ he said is true. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether 3.Can you tell me _? A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 4.He didnt know which room _. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D.

20、did they live in 5.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 6.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. its D. that 237.Can you tell me _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I c

21、an got to D. where can I get to 8.Do you know _? A. what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is 9._ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 10.They have no idea at all _. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has h

22、e gone D. where has he gone 11.They want to know _ do to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 12.These photographs will show you _. A. what our village looks like B. what does our village look like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like

23、2413.Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 14.No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like D. what look man like 15._ the 2008 Olympic Game

24、s will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 16.Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 17.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for 18._ he said at the meeting astonished every

25、body present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 2519. Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 20._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what 21._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Wheth