非謂語動詞專項

1、 主要指在句中不能充當(dāng)謂語，而是充當(dāng)其他主要指在句中不能充當(dāng)謂語，而是充當(dāng)其他語法功能的動詞。非謂語動詞有三種：語法功能的動詞。非謂語動詞有三種：動詞不定式動詞不定式、動名詞動名詞和和分詞（包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞），分詞（包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞），現(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞又統(tǒng)稱現(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞又統(tǒng)稱為動詞的為動詞的-ing-ing形式。非謂語動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化形式。非謂語動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化. . 在中考中，對不定式和動名詞的考查最多，尤其是疑問在中考中，對不定式和動名詞的考查最多，尤其是疑問詞詞+ +不定式，不定式作賓補，及只能用動詞不定式，不定式作賓補，及只能用動詞-ing-ing形式作賓語

2、的形式作賓語的情況。情況?；拘问郊疤攸c基本形式及特點用法用法注意事項注意事項動詞不定式動詞不定式（1 1）基本形式：）基本形式： to+動詞原形動詞原形 （在某些情況下可以不帶（在某些情況下可以不帶 to）（2 2）特點）特點 ： 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化(3) 用法用法 ：A、作主語、作主語，如 To learn a foreign language is not easy . = Its not easy to learn a foreign language. 注意：不定式短語作主語如果太長，常用注意：不定式短語作主語如果太長，常用it作形式主語，將不作形式主語，將不定式后

3、置。除動詞定式后置。除動詞be外，外， 動詞動詞take也常用于上述結(jié)構(gòu)。也常用于上述結(jié)構(gòu)。B、作表語、作表語，如 The important thing is to finish the work on time . 動詞不定式動詞不定式作賓語作賓語C、1.動詞動詞 + to do (下面的下面的11個動詞必須準(zhǔn)確記憶）個動詞必須準(zhǔn)確記憶）2.動詞動詞+疑問詞疑問詞 + to do 3.動詞動詞(find/make/feel/think) + it(形式賓語）形式賓語）+賓補賓補 +to do常見動詞有常見動詞有 agree,decide ,fail（失?。ㄊ。? hope, wish

4、, want, plan，promise(發(fā)誓）發(fā)誓）, seem（似（似乎）乎）, expect （期望）（期望）,happen（to do碰巧）碰巧）I dont know what to do .I find it important to learn English.動詞不定式動詞不定式D、作賓補作賓補1.動詞動詞 + 賓語賓語 +to do 2.動詞動詞 + 賓語賓語 + do Li Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary .注：有以上結(jié)構(gòu)的常用動詞有注：有以上結(jié)構(gòu)的常用動詞有 tell. wish, ask, want , like,

5、 invite, warn（警告）（警告）, allow（允許）（允許）,encourage（鼓（鼓勵）勵）,advise（建議）（建議） 等。等。(不帶不帶 to 的不定式的不定式) 注：常用的動詞是：感官動詞注：常用的動詞是：感官動詞see, hear, feel, watch, notice用于用于often的句中；的句中； 使役動詞使役動詞 have ,make,let.E、作狀語、作狀語可以表目的、表結(jié)果、表原因可以表目的、表結(jié)果、表原因F、作定語、作定語（必須后置）（必須后置）動詞不定式動詞不定式I have something to say . Its the best way

6、to help him .Marry opened the door for him to come in (目的） .1、had better 后后2、使役動詞、使役動詞 make , let , have 用于主動語態(tài)時。用于主動語態(tài)時。3、感官動詞、感官動詞see, hear , watch , feel , notice 用在用在“經(jīng)常經(jīng)?！钡闹鲃诱Z態(tài)時。的主動語態(tài)時。4、please 的后面的后面5、Why not / Why dont you 后后6、情態(tài)動詞之后。、情態(tài)動詞之后。 在學(xué)習(xí)動詞不定式的時候還有兩點要注意哦！在學(xué)習(xí)動詞不定式的時候還有兩點要注意哦！1、在、在感官動詞感

7、官動詞和和使役動詞使役動詞后作賓補時，不定后作賓補時，不定式可式可省略省略to,但以上詞變?yōu)榈陨显~變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)被動語態(tài)時，要時，要加加上上to, 如如I always saw her play the violin .He was made to work 12 hours a day.2、動詞不定式的否定形式為：動詞不定式的否定形式為： not + to doMr.Smith asked the boy _(not play) this kind of game. not to playPlease have him _(not do) so much housework. not do在

8、在“It is + 形容詞形容詞 + of sb + 不定式不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞往往表示人物的性格和特征，如kind, clever, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, impolite, honest, naughty等。在“It is + 形容詞 + for sb + 不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞通常表示事物的性質(zhì)，如important, possible, impossible, difficult, hard等。比較比較It is good of you to help me with my English.你真好，幫助我學(xué)英語。(強調(diào)

9、you的特征=You are good to help me.)It is good for you to give up smoking.戒煙對你有好處。(強調(diào)的是give up smoking這一行為= For you to give up smoking is good.) It is + 形容詞形容詞 + for / of sb + 不定式結(jié)構(gòu)不定式結(jié)構(gòu)基本形式及特征基本形式及特征用法用法注意注意基本形式基本形式特點特點動詞原形動詞原形 + ing + ing 具有名詞、動詞的一些特征。具有名詞、動詞的一些特征。用法用法1 1、作主語、作主語Picking apples is much

10、 better than having classes.2 2、作賓語、作賓語（1 1）只能接動名詞做賓語的動詞有）只能接動名詞做賓語的動詞有missmiss（錯過）（錯過）, finish, mind, keep, practice, , finish, mind, keep, practice, enjoy, spend ,suggestenjoy, spend ,suggest（建議）等。（建議）等。（2 2）既可接）既可接動詞不定式動詞不定式又可接又可接動名詞動名詞作作賓語的動詞有兩類：賓語的動詞有兩類：意義區(qū)分不大意義區(qū)分不大：begin , start, like, love, h

11、ate, prefer（更喜歡）（更喜歡） 等。等。意義不同：意義不同：remember, forget, stop, go on , try 等等3、作表語、作表語His favorite sport is playing basketball . 4 4、作定語、作定語 finishing line（終點線）（終點線）1 1、動名詞的、動名詞的 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)為：復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)為：名詞所有格名詞所有格形容詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞+ + 動名詞動名詞Do you mind _the window? me to open b. I open c.my opening d. mine openingc2

12、 2、動名詞的習(xí)慣用語：、動名詞的習(xí)慣用語：a. cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事。禁不住做某事。b. feel like doing sth.c. be busy doing sth.d. No doing 動名詞和不定式的用法區(qū)別：無論做什么成分： 動名詞都表示動名詞都表示“正在正在”或或“一貫一貫” 不定式表示不定式表示“一次一次”或或“將要將要”基本形式：動詞原形基本形式：動詞原形+ + inging基本形式：基本形式： 規(guī)則動詞加規(guī)則動詞加ed ed 或或不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞developing countrydeveloped countr

13、y現(xiàn)在分詞用法及意義：1，表示正在進行2，表示伴隨狀態(tài)過去分詞用法及意義：作定語：1，前置定語表示已經(jīng)完成 2，后置定語表示被動1. Thank you for us so well .A. to teach B. teachesC. taught D. teaching2. I often do some on Sundays.A. washed B. to washC. washing D. washes3. The boy Jack in Class One is my brother.A. call B. to be calledC. calling D. called4. It of

14、ten takes me half an hour home.A. Walking B. to walk C. walked D. walks5. Dont forget her clean water every day .A. to give B. giving C. given D. give 6. I think it is important English well . A. learning B. learn C. to learn D. learned 7. The funny story made us all hard . A. laugh B. to laugh C. l

15、aughing D. laughed8. Our teacher told us hard at our lessons . A. to work B. work C. working D. worked 9. Could you tell me this newspaper ? A. to read how B. how to readC. what to read D. what read10. I dont know next .A. what to do B. what to do it C. how to do D. to how do it11. My hair is too lo

16、ng , so I must have it this afternoon. A.cut B. cuts C. cutting D. cutted12. Remember late for class again .A. not to B. be not to C. not to be D. not to come 13. Mr Smith asked the man the queue(跳隊夾塞） .A. not jump B. didnt jumpC. not to jump D. to not jump 14.Why not with us ? You see , its very .

17、A. go ; interested B. go; interesting C. to go ; interested D. going ; interesting15. What about to the cinema tonight ? -Thats a good idea. Id like with you . A. going ; going B. to go ; to go C. going ; to go D. go ; going 16.Everyone here is busy read for the coming entrance tests（入學(xué)考試） . A. get

18、B. to get C. getting D. gets 17.weve worked for two hours . Lets a rest . A. stop to have B. stop having C. to stop to have D .stopping having 18. Would you mind me a favor （幫我一下）？ A. do B. to go C. doing D. did 19. Mr Wang asked me him . A. help B. helps C. to help D. helping20. Please tell Jim not

19、 late again . A. to B. be C. to be D. be to 23.Please dont forget to me , will you ? A. to write B. writing C. write 22.The boy wants his father a question about the moon .A. asking B. to ask C. ask D. asked21.Miss Yang asked the boy , the baby was sleeping in the room . A. to stop to sing B. to sto

20、p singing C. stop singing D. stop to sing 25. Its about six oclock, Lets _ supper now . A. stop having B. to stop having C. stop to have D. to stop to have26.Wed better _ on the road . A car may hit us . A. not to play B. not play C. to not play D. dont play24. Mother decided _ Tom away from school （輟學(xué). A. to keep not B. keep not C. not to keep D. not keep 29. I often see them with some foreigners . A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked 30. He says life wont be worth without love . A. live B.living C. living D.