高三單詞短語練習題(含詳解及答案)

1、短語闖關下列短語都是這兩個單元學過的重要短語，請你根據(jù)漢語在橫線上填人一個正確的詞，每個詞5分。80分才能過關，你一定能過關做好了闖關的準備嗎?那么我們就開始吧?1. consist _ 由組成；南構(gòu)成2. be made _ of 由組成3. _ the most of 充分利用；充分展示4. hold _ (使)連在一起；(使)團結(jié)一致5. _ general一般地；大體上6. keep _ touch with 與保持聯(lián)系7. pay attention _ 注意；留意8. deal _ 處理；安排9. _ store 貯藏著；準備著；即將發(fā)生，就要來到10. _ one point 在

2、某處11. (be) _ great value非常有價值12. spread _ 展開13. _ for 代表14. run _ 在駛過；把匆匆過一遍；溢 出；短暫旅行15. neither._. 既不又不16. as _ as 遠達17. _ doubt毫無疑問地18. _ usual 像通常一樣19. _ to 導致20. _ a glimpse of 看一眼 交際用語1. Yes, I agree with you.2. Yes, I think so.3. It's a good idea to.4Dont you think that?5. I don't thin

3、k that is right.6. I don't think so.7. You must be mistaken.8. I'm afraid you are wrong.9. You are wrong thinking that.10. I believe that you have got it right. 【單詞聚焦】【考點1】advantage 的用法 搭配： have / win / get / gain the / an advantage of / over 勝過；優(yōu)于 (be) to one's advantage / disadvantage

4、對有利 不利 take advantage of = make one's advantage of 乘機利 用；利用別人的弱點占便宜；欺騙【考例1】2005 南京模擬 British students only have alanguage _ for jobs in the USA and Australia. A. chance B. ability C. possibility D. advantage考查目標 本題考查advantage的意思。答案與解析D 本句的language advantage的意思是。語言方面的優(yōu)勢”。2. advantage n. 優(yōu)勢，優(yōu)點 反義：

5、disadvantage 劣勢，缺點 詞組 take advantage of 利用 Boys have more advantages over girls in finding jobs. 男孩子找工作比女孩子更有優(yōu)勢。 You must take full advantage of the unloaded information. 你應該充分利用這些下載的信息。【考點6】agree 的用法構(gòu)詞： disagree v. 不同意；不一致 agreement n. 1. U 同意，一致 2. C 協(xié)定，協(xié)議 disagreement n. 意見不同搭配： agree on sth (雙方)

6、商定某事；決定某事；在某方面達 成共識 agree to sth (plan, suggestion, idea, arrangement) 同意 sign / break an / the / one's agreement 簽署撕毀協(xié) 議 reach / arrive at / come to an agreement (with sb) (與某人)達成協(xié)議 句型： (quite) agree with sb (on / about sth) agree with (one's opinion / view / what clause) (在某方面)贊 成某人的意見；同意某

7、人(的觀點或看法)；與某人的 意見相同 (on后接討論的具體內(nèi)容；about后接討論 的主題) sth agree with sb 適合(某人)；適應(某人) sth agree with sth. 與一致相符 agree to do sth 同意做某事 agree that clause 認為；認同 agree to one's doing sth = agree to let sb do sth 同意某人做某事 sth be agreed 大家都同意 It's generally agreed that. 人們普遍認為 (be)in agreement with sb (a

8、bout sth) / what sb said (在某方面)與某人意見一致 (be) in agreement with sb. (on this / that point) (在 這那一點上)同意某人 友情提示：英語中絕不能使用agree sb to do sth 句式?！究祭?】(1999上海) The manager has _ to improve the working conditions in the company. A. accepted B. allowed C. permitted D. agreed考查目標 考查動詞的搭配與用法。答案與解析D allow和permtt

9、相同，經(jīng)常接doing或sb. to do；accept一般接名詞或代詞作賓語；而agree后面可以接動詞不定式作賓語。8. cheat vt. vi. 欺騙，作弊 n. 騙子 常用結(jié)構(gòu)：cheat sth. (out) of sb. 騙某人東西 The beggar cheated money of the old lady at the railway station. 乞丐在車站騙了那位老太太的錢。 It's wrong to cheat in exams. 考試作弊是不對的。 注：作名詞時通常用 cheat，也可以用 cheater。 He is nothing but a c

10、heat. 他只不過是個騙子。【考點3】employ 的用法 構(gòu)詞： employer n. 雇主；老板 employee n. 雇員；雇丁 employment n. 雇用；就業(yè)；工作；職業(yè) unemployment n. 失業(yè)；失業(yè)狀態(tài) 搭配：be employed in 從事，忙于 句型： employ sb (主動) sb be employed (被動) employ sb as + 職業(yè)in 或 at + 地點(主動) sb be employed as + 職業(yè) in 或 at + 地點 (被動， 更常見) 在某單位任某職；受雇于某單位當任 employ sb to do sth

11、 (主動) sb be employed to do sth (被動) be employed in doing sth / on sth. 忙于干某事從 事于某事，時間花在 employ oneself in doing sth / on sth 忙于干某事，從 事于，時間花在 employ one's spare / free / much time in doing sth. 花業(yè)余更多時間千某事辨析：employ; engage; hire; let; rent; take on該組詞均意為“雇用”，但employ較正式，官方文件一般用employ。受雇人員較廣，甚至包括社會地

12、位較高的職業(yè)人員，有“聘請”之義，強調(diào)工作，不像hire那樣側(cè)重于報酬。engage作“雇用某人”解，常指臨時或短期的雇用，側(cè)重于雇用專業(yè)人員，側(cè)重于動作。hire和rent都有“花錢使用某物”和“把某物使用權出讓給別人以收取費用”之意，rent在英國英語中多指用于長時間的場合。如：rent a house，a flat，a TV等；hire多指臨時租用某物。如：hire a boat，a car，a camera，a bicycle，an evening dress，a hall for a meeting等，指人時，有“雇用”、“受雇”兩種含義。而在美國英語中，rent既可用于長時間的出租

13、，也可用于短時間的出租，多指客戶向主人租用房子、土地或其他物品，也可指出租。hire在美國英語中可用來指“雇用(give a job to)”。Iet作“租用”時，一般指出租人向外出租房子、房間等。另外rent還可作名詞，意為“租金；租費”。take on較口語化，表示“雇用某人”。例如：The firm employs the retired professor as an adviser. 這家公司聘這位退休的教授擔任顧問。The foreign teachers were engaged from Canada. 這些外籍教師是從加拿大招聘來的。Our school hired the

14、local theatre for its annual concert. 我們學校租用了當?shù)氐挠皠≡号e行了一年一度的音樂會。Have you any rooms to let? 你有房間出租嗎?She lets the cottage to holiday-makers in the summer.她把房子租給夏天來度假的人。Our house has been rented by a newly-married couple.我們的房子被一對新婚夫婦租去了。Boats are let / rent out in the park for 20 yuan perhour. 公園里出租小船，每

15、小時的租金是20元。We have decided to take on a new clerk in the accountsdepartment. 我們已經(jīng)決定在會計部雇用一名新職員。 友情提示：英語中“雇用”的其他表達法：take on；hire；have sb doing sth；rent (租用)；use (借用)；“解雇；開除”的表達法：fire；dismiss；turn / send away；lay off。【考例3】(2003北京春招)- How long _ at this job?- Since 1990. A. were you employed B. have you

16、 been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be employed考查目標 考查上下文中時態(tài)的運用。答案與解析B 從問句中的how long和回答中的Since 1990都可以知道應該選現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)表示對現(xiàn)在的影響。6. employ vt. 雇用，使用 The farmer employed more workers at harvest time. 這個農(nóng)場主在收獲季節(jié)雇用更多工人。 It's important to employ words in writing poem. 寫詩用詞很重要。 也可以解釋為“忙于，從事”

17、。 They were employed in writing when I came.我來的時候他們正忙于寫東西。 注：要弄清 employ 幾個名詞的用法：employee (雇工， 雇員)，employer (戶主，東家)，employment (就業(yè)，雇 用)?！究键c4】energy 的用法 構(gòu)詞： energetic adj. 精力充沛的，需要精力去做的 energetically adv. 精力充沛地 搭配： save one's energy for 為而保存精力 be full of energies 精力充沛，精力旺盛 devote one's energy

18、to (doing) sth 致力于 concentrate one's energy on 集中精力在上友情提示：泛指一般意義的“精力”，不可數(shù)；具體指某人做事的“精力”，用復數(shù)?！究祭?】NMET 1996Many countries are increasingtheir use of natural gas, wind and other forms of _. A. energy B. source C. power D. material考查目標 本題考查 energy 及其近義詞的區(qū)別。答案與解析A natural gas和wind屬于energy范疇?！究键c7】fact

19、 的用法句型：英語中的“事實上。實際上，其實”可表達為： as a matter of fact in (actual) fact in point of fact The fact (of the matter) is (that). It's a fact that.在提供某種信息來強調(diào)已經(jīng)說過的某物某事時，或在不同意某人說過的某物某事時，使用以上表達?！究祭?】(2004浙江) The winter of 1990 was extremelybad, _ most people say it was the worst winterof their lives. A. At la

20、st B. In fact C. In a word D. As a result考查目標 考查短語在實際語境中的用法。答案與解析B at last 表示“最后”；in fact 表示“事實上”；in a word 表示“總而言之”；as a result表示“結(jié)果是”。結(jié)合上下文意思應該是“1990年冬天特別糟糕。事實情況是，大多數(shù)人都說是他們一生中最糟糕的一個冬天”?！究键c2】form 的用法 構(gòu)詞： formation n. 形成；組成 formal adj. 形式上的；正式的 informal adj. 非正式的 搭配： form in line 站好隊；排成縱隊 in the for

21、m of 以形式 fill in / out the form 填表格 be in / out of form 處于良好(不好)的競技狀態(tài) in form 形式上【考例2】(2004全國卷III) Reading is an experiencequite different from watching TV; There are pictures_ in your mind instead of before your eyes. A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed考查目標 考查非謂語動詞的實際運用。答案與解析C There be 句

22、型后面經(jīng)常接動詞-ing形式表示該名詞 pictures 與 in your mind 的關系是主動的而該動作表示主動進行。3. form vt. & vi. 組成；形成 n. CU形式；表 格；種類 詞組 in the form of 以的形式 fiIl in / out forms 填寫表格 take the form of 采取的形式 in good form 競技狀態(tài)良好 form the habit of 形成的習慣 Form good habits while you are young. 趁年輕時，養(yǎng)成好習慣。4. influence n. CU 影響(力)，感化(力)

23、U 勢 力，權力 vt. 對有影響；感化 A teacher has great influence over his pupil. 教師對學生有很大的影響力。 Heredity and environment are influences on character. 遺傳和環(huán)境是影響性格的因素。5. judge v. 判斷，判決 n. 法官，裁判 (1) 動詞用法 Don't judge a person by his appearance. 不要以貌取人。 Judging from his skin，he is from Africa. 從皮膚判斷他是非洲人。 注：雖然邏輯主謂上判

24、斷應該用Judged from.，但 習慣用法是Judging from.。 (2) 名詞用法 Who will act as iudge in the final match? 誰擔任決賽的裁判? 注：作“判決，判斷”解時名詞用judgment。 He is a man without judgment. 他是一個沒有判斷能力的人?！究键c5】remain 的用法 構(gòu)詞： remainder n. 剩下的(東西、人) remaining adj. 剩下的 remains n. 剩余物；遺址；廢墟 句型： remain + n. / adv. / adj./ 分詞 / prep. phrase

25、仍 remain to do / to be done 有待于(remain to be seen / found 尚待分曉，有待于進一步觀看，拭目以 待尚待發(fā)現(xiàn)) There remain(s). 只剩下；只留下【考例5】NMET 2002 Having a trip abroad is certainlygood for the old couple, but it remains _whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen考查目標 remain 的基本用法。答案與解析B remain 既是系

26、動詞，有時又作實義動詞。作實義動詞的時候可以接動詞不定式的各種形式。包括不定式的被動式。7. remain vi. 仍然，留下 可作為特殊系動詞來理解，相當于"be still"，后面常 接形容詞、分詞等。 She remains weak after a year of rest. 休息一年后她的身體仍然虛弱。 作“留下”解釋時，相當于"stay"后接副詞或短語作狀 語。 He will not remain alone at home. 他不愿單獨留在家里。9. require vt. 需要，要求 后面可以接名詞、動名詞，不定式和從句。 I requ

27、ire supper earlier today. 今天晚飯我需要早一點。 She required that we (should) call her up soon. 她要求我們應該馬上打電話給她。 The documents require taking good care of. = The document requires to be taken care of. 這些文件必需保管好。 注：sth. require doing 以主動形式表示被動意義，相 當于sth. require to be done。1. state C n. 狀態(tài)，國家，(美國等國)州 講，聲明，陳述 (1

28、) 名詞用法 Water has three states: solid, liquid and gas. 水有三種狀態(tài)：固態(tài)、液態(tài)和氣態(tài)。 Everything was in a state of order. 一切都井井有條。 (2) 動詞用法 I stated my views at the meeting. 我在會上陳述了我的觀點。 注：表示“陳述，聲明”時名詞是 statement。 The government issued an official statement. 政府發(fā)表了一項正式聲明。牛刀小試1用所給單詞的適當形式填空：(fact, advantage, remain,

29、employ, agree, surprise,form, energy)1. It is generally _ that taking drugs is very dangerous.2. What _ me most was that a girl of only six could play the violin so well.3. After finishing his college education. Susan _ in a big company as a secretary.4. This method has the _ of saving a lot of fuel

30、.5. Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _ poor.6. It is a _ that English is being accepted as an international language.7. Have a good rest; you need to save your _ for the tennis match this a|ternoon.8. A plan began to _ in his mind. 【短語歸類】【考點5】clear up 和clean up clear up 整理；消除；澄清；放

31、晴 clean up 徹底打掃；清理干凈例句 Would you clean up this room before our visitorsarrive?客人到來之前，你打掃房間好嗎?She WOUld like to have a talk with her classmate to clearup their misunderstanding. 他想和同學交談以解除他們之間的誤會。There are some points I'd like to clear up. 有幾點我要澄清一下。【考例5】On his mother's arrival，the crying boy

32、's face_. A. cleared up B. clearled up C. was lit up D. reflected up考查目標 此題主要考查短語辨義問題。答案與解析A light up此處不用被動態(tài)。D不合題意?！究键cl】與 consist 有關的短語 consist of 由組成 (= be made up of) consist in 在于例句 The club consists of more than 200 members. 俱樂部南200多個成員組成。The beauty oF the village consists in its clean air a

33、ndpeaceful environment. 這個村莊的美麗之處在于它清潔的空氣和幽靜的環(huán)境。 友情提示：consist of 不用于被動語態(tài)?！究祭?】The opening province which _ thirteencounties and three coastal cities will quicken its paces of economic development. A. consists of B. makes up C. is included D. is contained考查目標 此題主要考查相似意義的短語或動詞的用法辨義問題。答案與解析A B應該使用被動結(jié)構(gòu)即

34、：is madeup of。C不應該使用被動語態(tài)。而D本身是錯誤的，在本題中不可使用。10. deal with 處理，對付 How can I deal with the problem? 我應該如何處理這個問題? (相當于：What can I do with the problem?) Deal with aman as he deals with you. 以其人之道還治其人之身。 deal with 也可譯作“與有生意來往”。 We have dealt with the finn for many years. 我們和這家公司有多年生意來往。【考點4】in storehave /

35、keep / hold.in store 儲藏著；準備著；將發(fā)生的例句 Nobody knows what the future may hold instore. 沒有人知道將來會是怎樣。There was a big surprise in store. 有一個大驚奇在等著呢。【考例4】There was another accident _ for himthat day. A. in the way B. in store C. in effect D. in case考查目標 此題主要考查短語辨義。答案與解析B in the way 擋路。in effect 事實上。in case

36、萬一，以防?！究键c2】與 point 有關的短語 at the point 在某處；一度 to the point 切中要點 off the point 離題 be on the point of doing sth when. 正要做某事 突然 There's no point (in) doing sth 做某事沒有意義 point at / to 指向 point out 指出例句 At one point at the meeting the manager nearlylost his temper. 會上經(jīng)理一度幾乎大發(fā)脾氣。His remarks on the matte

37、r were much to the point. 他就這事的評論非常切中要點。The boy was on the point of going to bed when the telephone rang. 這孩子正要上床睡覺這時電話響了。There's very little point in arguing further. 再爭論下去意義不大?！究祭?】The peaks flue so close to each other that thedistance between them _ is 5 meters. A. to the point B. at one poin

38、t C. at the point D. On the point考查目標 此題主要考查短語的辨義問題。 答案與解析B 兩座山峰如此緊靠著以至于最貼近的一處距離僅為五米?！究键c3】“動詞 + 名詞 + 介詞”短語 make the most of = make the best of = make full use of 充分利用 pay attention to 注意 take care of 照看；照顧 take notice of 注意 make notes of 紀錄例句The most must be made of these natural resources to develo

39、p the economy of the country. 要充分利用自然資源來發(fā)展國家的經(jīng)濟。Our attention should be paid to water pollution. 我們應該注意水的污染問題。 友情提示：這類三詞詞組的被動態(tài)形式有兩種：一是把介詞后的賓語作為被動態(tài)的主語；二是把中間的名詞作為被動態(tài)的主語。【考例 3】Has the boy who was made use of _ realized his mistakes? A. stealing B. to steal C. for stealing D. stolen考查目標 此題主要考查短語后的非謂語動詞形

40、式。答案與解析B “利用去做某事”。要用不定式作目的狀語，即：makeuse of.to do sth。句中的of有賓語，就是前面的the boy。題意是：那個被人利用去偷盜的男孩意識到自己的錯誤了嗎?牛刀小試21. Education does not consist simply _ learning a lot of facts. A. in B. with C. of D. for2. The boy received low marks for his essay, as much ofit was _ the point. A. to B. at C. on D. off3. Th

41、e _ should be made of the working time_ production. A. most; to increase B. use; increasing C. best; and be increased D. full; for increasing4. The electricity was cut off because of the storm.luckily we had plenty of candles _ store. A. with B. at C. for D. in5. It was still rainy this morning but

42、now it has at last. A. cleaned up B. cleared up C. cleaned away D. clcared away 詞語比較1. pleasant, pleasing, pleased (1) pleasant 可作定語和表語。修飾事物，不能修飾 人。因此句子的主語只能是表示事物的詞語，而不 能是人。意思是“令人愉快的，令人高興的”。 I hope you'll have a pleasant holiday. 我希望你能過一個愉快的假期。 (2) pleasing “令人高興的，令人愉快的”，表示寧靜、 滿意、令人滿足之意。側(cè)重于表示接受對

43、象的情感， 傳遞主觀感受。比 pleasant 稍弱。主語可為人或事 物。 An actor should have a pleasing personality. 表演者應當具有一種令人愉快的個性。 (3) pleased “高興的，感到滿意的”含義與glad基本相 同。作表語時，句子的主語只能是“人”，而不能是表 示事物的詞語。be pleased with 表示“對表示滿 意”之意。 She had a pleased look 0n his face. 她臉上露出了滿意的表情。2. be made up of, be made of, be made from, be made int

44、o (1) be made up of 由組成。 The United States is made up of fifty states. 美國由五十個州組成。 (2) be made of 由制成 (成品看得出原料)。 The table ismade of wood. 這張桌子由木材制成。 (3) be made from 由制成(成品看不出原料)。 This kind of paper is made from wood. 這種紙張由木材制成。 (4) be made into 由(原料)制成(成品)。 The bamboo can be made into many useful t

45、hings. 竹子可以制成很多有用的東西。3. lay, lie (1) lay 常用作及物動詞，意為“放置，鋪設；產(chǎn)(卵)； 布置；下蛋”等，是不規(guī)則動詞。其變化為：laid, laid, laying。 She laid the paper on my desk. 她把文件放在我桌子上。 The workers are laying down a cable. 工人們在鋪設電線。 (2) lie 作不及物動詞。其基本含義是：躺；臥；位于， 是不規(guī)則動詞。其變化為：lay, lain, lying。 The hospital lay where a school is located. 這個

46、醫(yī)院過去就在現(xiàn)在學校所在的地方。 (3) lie作不及物動詞。它的另一個含義是：說謊，是 規(guī)則動詞。其變化為：lied, lied, lying。 "He is lying," said the girl angrily, lying on the hay. “他在說謊。”那個女孩躺在干草上，氣憤地說。4. in time, on time (1) in time 除了譯作“及時”，還可譯作“最終”或“總 有一天”。 Her helping me in time saved me plenty of time. 她的及時幫助使我省了很多時間。 (2) on time，意為“

47、準時” Everyone is requiredtobe present atthe party on time. 要求每個人準時參加聚會。 time 組成的詞組已學過的還有: at a time (一次), in no time (立刻), at that (the) time(那時), at times (有 時), at any time (在任何時候)等。 句型詮釋1. .to see it as it really is: a nation 0f different countries held together by a coinmon language and culture.

48、結(jié)果大不列顛 (it) 的現(xiàn)實依然是：一個由共同 語言文化聯(lián)系在一起的不同國家組成的聯(lián)邦。 as + 主語 + be意為“如同事實”。 We have to face up to the fact as it is. 我們必須面對現(xiàn)實。 The old trees are as they were fifty years ago. 這些樹和五十年前沒什么兩樣。2. Mobile phones stop teenagers from spending money on clothes or cigarettes. 有了移動電話使少年把更少的錢花在服裝和抽煙方 面。 “stop.(from) do

49、ing.”意為“阻止做，防止 發(fā)生”，from可省略。 The accident stopped me (from) arriving on time. 這場事故使我沒能及時到。 The waste water is stopped from being poured into the river. 廢水禁止倒入這條河里。 注：stop用作被動語態(tài)時from不能省略。3. They realize that it is 0f great value t0 record and teach them to the younger generation. “of + 抽象名詞”相當于一個形容詞在句

50、中作表語、 定語或補語?！癷t is of great valHe”相當于“it is greatlv valuable”。 The meeting is of great importance. 這次會議很重要。 The medicine proves (to be) of little help. 這種藥證明無效。 she is a girl of strong will. 她是一個意志堅強的女孩。 4. To ensure safety, the train is controlled by an advanced computer system. 為了確保安全，火車由先進的電腦系統(tǒng)控制

51、。 不定式放句首通常表示目的。 To make himself heard, he raised his voice. 為了讓別人聽見，他提高了嗓門。 To look after her sick father, she had to ask for a two-week leave. 為了照顧生病的父親，她請了兩周假。5. It + (so) happenthat. 該句型意為“(那么)碰巧偶然” It so happened that you were out when I called you. 那么巧，我打電話給你時你不在家。 It happened that I met an old

52、 friend of mine in the park yesterday. 昨天我在公園偶然遇到我的一個老朋友。 注：上述從句可用不定式改寫為： You were happened to be out when. I happened t0 meet an 0ld mend of mine 6. It doesn't matter / makes no difference that. 用法類似，意思相近，意為“沒關系不要緊”。 It doesn't matter who will go with me. 誰和我去都可以。 It makes no difference whether he will go or not.他去不去無關緊要?！揪湫蜌w納】【考點1】In the summer months the difference in temper-ature between London and the north can be as much asnine degrees. 夏季，倫敦和北方的溫差可達9度。本句中，as much as 的意思是“與差不多。多達”，表示“量”上的比較。例如：The difference between his income and mine can be asmuch as l,000 yuan at least.