M7U4 Grammar and usage

1、Phrasal verbsTo find out what a phrasal verb isTo find out the rules of how to use phrasal verbs correctlyObjectiveto connect sb to sb else on the telephone; to make sb do sth unpleasant or difficultto arrange to do sth at a later time or date; to make you dislike sth or do not what to do sthto choo

2、se something or someone after careful thought to make a machine such as an oven, radio etc produce more heat, sound etc.; to suddenly appear after having been lost or searched forput throughput offdecide on/uponturn up給某人接通電話；使經(jīng)歷給某人接通電話；使經(jīng)歷推遲，延遲；使反感推遲，延遲；使反感決定，選定決定，選定出現(xiàn)，到來出現(xiàn)，到來Check the answers (P57

3、 A):1. looking after 2. call, back3. deal with 4. look around5. decide on 6. put, off7. coming up 8. put, throughDo the exercises on Page 57.Check the answers (P57 B):Verb Phrasal verb sentencetaketake offThe plane to Beijing will take off at 9.00 in the morning.take upThe table takes up too much ro

4、om.givegive upMum tried to persuade Dad to give up smoking.give outThe teacher asked Mary to give out the exam paper.looklook upYoud better look up the word in the dictionary.look forIve looked for my key everywhere, but cant find it.take after（外貌）相像take apart 拆卸，拆開 take away 減去take down 寫下，記下take f

5、or 把.誤認(rèn)為take in欺騙；吸收，吸納take off 起飛；匆匆離開；脫下take on 承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)；開始雇傭take over 接收，接管take to 喜歡，開始從事 take pictures照相take care of 照顧，照料take up 開始從事，著手處理take it easy 別緊張give away v.送掉, 分發(fā), 放棄, 泄露, 出賣, 讓步, 陷下give back v.歸還, 恢復(fù), 后退, 反射(聲、光等)give in v.投降, 屈服, 讓步, 交上, 宣布give off v.發(fā)出(蒸汽、光等)，長出（枝、杈等）give out v.分發(fā), 發(fā)

6、出(氣味、熱等), 發(fā)表, 用盡, 精疲力竭give up v放棄give rise to引起，導(dǎo)致 look in 看望,成功的機(jī)會(huì) look over 檢查look about 四處觀看 look after 照看，照顧look ahead 計(jì)劃未來look around 隨便看看look at 看，考慮look away 把臉轉(zhuǎn)過去look back 回顧過去look black 怒目而視look blue 神情沮喪look down 看不起look like 看像look on 旁觀look out 當(dāng)心 Tell the part of speech of each word in

7、red. When the teacher came in, we were reading English. 2. When the teacher came into the classroom, we were reading English. 3. She went aboard the plane at 9.00. 4. Goods that are able to begin burning 1. easily are not allowed to be taken aboard.an adverba prepositiona prepositionan adverbA phras

8、al verb is made up of a verb plus an adverb and/or a preposition.Please look the word up in the dictionary.Please look up the word in the dictionary.They put on their safety helmets before starting to work.They put their safety helmets on before starting to work.The adverb can go before or after the

9、 object in a phrasal verb. The special train pulled in at 9 a. m.Prices of vegetables have gone up recently.If you act like this, you will get into trouble.The policemen are looking into a case.The rubbish gave off a terrible smell.A phrasal verb with an adverb does not always have an object. In a p

10、hrasal verb with a preposition, the object of the preposition always comes after it.Sometimes we can add a preposition after the adverb in a phrasal verb. I cant put up with（容忍）（容忍） him any longer.I am looking forward to（期望）（期望） hearing from her.She often looks back upon（回憶）（回憶） her bitter lifein th

11、e old society. We must catch up with them. Lets face up to the situation. Your ideas fit in with mine. Lets get down to our business. Well get through with the project next month. verb + adverb + preposition動(dòng)詞短語還可以包含以下幾類：動(dòng)詞短語還可以包含以下幾類： 除了這幾種類型除了這幾種類型:1. 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞介詞2. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+副詞副詞3. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+副詞副詞+介詞介詞4.

12、 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+名詞名詞+介詞介詞例如例如: take care of 照顧，照料照顧，照料; make room for 給給騰地方騰地方; make friends with 與與交朋友交朋友; play a joke on 戲弄某人戲弄某人; have a look at 看一看看一看5. be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+形容詞形容詞+介詞介詞如如: be late for 遲到遲到 be angry with 生氣生氣 be busy with 忙于忙于 be short for 是是的簡稱的簡稱 be interested in 對對感興趣感興趣 be famous for 因因而著名而著名 be goo

13、d at 擅長擅長 be different from 與與不同不同 be good/bad for 對對有益有益/害害 be friendly to 對對友好友好6. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+反身代詞反身代詞+介詞介詞 如如: help oneself to 隨便吃隨便吃/用用 give oneself to 熱心于熱心于 occupy oneself with 忙于忙于 dress oneself in 穿著穿著 devote oneself to 專心專心, 致力于致力于, 獻(xiàn)身獻(xiàn)身throw oneself to 投身于投身于 Your long answer just _ (意味著意味著/等于說等

14、于說) a refusal. You shall _ (改掉改掉) such habits. You must _ (繼續(xù)繼續(xù)) your work. The castle（城堡）（城堡） _ (追溯追溯) the 14th century.verb + adverb + prepositionadds up tobreak away fromcarry/go on withdates back toMany phrasal verbs have more than one meaning. Do you know the meanings of the phrasal verbs in th

15、e following sentences?(1) His accent gives him away as a southerner. 出賣，泄露秘密出賣，泄露秘密 (2) He gave away most of his money to charity.贈(zèng)送贈(zèng)送 (3) They gave away their last chance of winning the match.送掉，放棄送掉，放棄 (4) The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day.頒發(fā)頒發(fā) (5) She took me in completely w

16、ith her story.欺騙欺騙 (6) He was homeless, so we took him in.收容收容 (7) Fish take in oxygen through their gills.吸收吸收 (8) I hope youre taking in what Im saying.理解理解 (9) She pays the bills by taking in washing.在家承接（活計(jì)等）在家承接（活計(jì)等） 1. I can _ the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean. 2011全國全國 A.

17、 come up with Bput up with C. turn to Dstick to B。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語。說話人表達(dá)的是。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語。說話人表達(dá)的是“我可以忍受房子不整潔，但是我可以忍受房子不整潔，但是”。put up with在這里的意思是在這里的意思是“忍受忍受”。come up with想出；想出；turn to轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于，轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于，翻到；翻到；stick to堅(jiān)持。堅(jiān)持。2. They are broadening the bridge to _ the flow of traffic. 2011山東山東 Aput off Bspeed up Cturn on

18、Dwork outB。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：他們正在。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：他們正在加寬橋梁以提高車流的速度。加寬橋梁以提高車流的速度。put off推遲，推遲，延期；延期；speed up(使使)加快速度；加快速度；turn on打打開開(開關(guān)、電器等開關(guān)、電器等)；work out計(jì)算出，解計(jì)算出，解決，制定，鍛煉，以某種方式發(fā)展。根據(jù)決，制定，鍛煉，以某種方式發(fā)展。根據(jù)句意只有句意只有B項(xiàng)符合語境。項(xiàng)符合語境。 3. You look upset. Whats the matter? I had my proposal_ again. 2011江蘇江蘇 A. turned over

19、B. turned on C. turned off D. turned downD?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。A項(xiàng)意為項(xiàng)意為“移移交交”；B項(xiàng)意為項(xiàng)意為“打開打開”；C項(xiàng)意為項(xiàng)意為“關(guān)關(guān)閉閉”；D項(xiàng)意為項(xiàng)意為“拒絕拒絕”。根據(jù)句意。根據(jù)句意“你你看上去很悲傷。出什么事了？看上去很悲傷。出什么事了？”“”“我的提我的提議又被拒了。議又被拒了。”可知選可知選D項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。4. Born into a family with three brothers, David was_ to value the sense of sharing. 2011福建福建 A. brought up B.

20、turned down C. looked after D. held backA。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：戴維。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：戴維家有三兄弟，所以他在成長過程中珍視分家有三兄弟，所以他在成長過程中珍視分享意識。享意識。bring up意為意為“教育，成長教育，成長” 。5. Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _ preparing your business plan. (2012浙江浙江) set outB. set about C. set off D. set up【答案】【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)

21、句意：有這么些個(gè)你所收集【解析】根據(jù)句意：有這么些個(gè)你所收集的信息，你可以著手（的信息，你可以著手（set about doing sth）準(zhǔn)備你的商業(yè)計(jì)劃了。）準(zhǔn)備你的商業(yè)計(jì)劃了。Set out to do sth著手；著手；set off出發(fā)；出發(fā)；set up建立，均不建立，均不符合語境，故排除。符合語境，故排除。6. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _ almost every word her teacher says. (2012全國全國) put out B. put down C. put away D

22、. put together7. The athletes years of hard training _ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal. (2012安徽安徽) went on B. got through A.C. paid off D. ended up 8. Would you like to _ with us to the film tonight? (2013全國全國) A. come along B. come off C. come across D. come through9. Old-fashioned phon

23、es matter when wireless networks _ in disasters. (2013福建福建) A. turn down B. turn out C. break down D. break out10. Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they _ on their life journey. (2013安徽安徽) A. give up B. settle down C. get through D. set off請點(diǎn)擊

24、請點(diǎn)擊word圖標(biāo)圖標(biāo)I. Multiple choice The world is _ seven continents and four oceans. A. made up of B. made out ofC. made from D. made in2. I really dont want to go to the party, but I dont see how I can _it. A. get back from B. get out of C. get away D. get off3. Youd better _ some money for special use.A. pick up B. set aside C. put off D. give away4. Can you make a sentence to _ the meaning of the phrase? A. show off B. turn out C. bring out D. take i