BBC Horizon 2022 Making Sense of Cancer《BBC.地平線.2022.認(rèn)識(shí)癌癥（2022）》完整中英文對(duì)照劇本

1、該死Fuck.這意味著我可能是癌癥三期That means I might be stage three. Cancer.我叫漢娜弗萊My name is Hannah Fry.該方程概括了This equation encapsulates all of亞原子世界的所有基本屬性the fundamental properties of the subatomic world.我是位數(shù)學(xué)教授Im a professor of mathematics,我一生都在試圖用數(shù)字and Ive spent my life using numbers to try理解我周圍的世界and understan

2、d the world around me.一座空港城市 其建造和運(yùn)營(yíng)An airport city, and building it and running it考驗(yàn)了我們的極限has tested us to our absolute limits.去年一月 我被診斷患有宮頸癌In January last year, I was diagnosed with cervical cancer.我開(kāi)始拍攝自己I started filming myself以應(yīng)對(duì)發(fā)生在我身上的事as a way to cope with whats happening to me.天啊 感覺(jué)我的腸子要出來(lái)了O

3、h, God, oh, my God, it feels like my guts are going to come out.同樣 這是你膝蓋四周Again, this is around your knee.我不得不和我的醫(yī)生一起With my doctors, Ive had to make做出關(guān)于我治療的艱難決定some hard decisions about my care,我不確定這些決定是否正確and Im not sure weve always got them right.這類腫瘤一般是惡性的They are often very aggressive with this

4、 sort of tumour,通常會(huì)浸潤(rùn)大量淋巴結(jié)and they often take out a lot of nodes.歡迎來(lái)到我的癌癥研究山洞Welcome to my cancer research cave.我開(kāi)始沉迷于癌癥背后的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué).Ive become obsessed with the statistics behind cancer.這些是我的書My books.這不禁讓我懷疑自己對(duì)該疾病的所有假設(shè)And its made me question all my assumptions about this disease.我現(xiàn)在想弄清Now I want to fin

5、d out醫(yī)生和病人對(duì)治療有何感受how doctors and patients feel about their treatments.我們治療癌癥的選擇都是正確的嗎Are we making the right choices in how we deal with cancer?藥房化療區(qū)對(duì)九十五名女性來(lái)說(shuō)For 95 of those women,化療對(duì)她們的癌癥沒(méi)任何作用嗎chemotherapy made no difference to what happened to their cancer?是的Yep.篩查癌癥是個(gè)好主意嗎Is searching for cancer a

6、lways a good idea?這是張經(jīng)典的過(guò)度診斷圖This is a classic graph showing overdiagnosis,因?yàn)槟闼龅木褪窃\斷出because what youre doing is youre diagnosing越來(lái)越多的甲狀腺癌more and more and more thyroid cancer,但死亡率卻并沒(méi)任何下降but youre not making any difference to death rates.我們是否變得過(guò)于害怕這種疾病Have we become so afraid of this disease以致于不惜一切

7、代價(jià)也要戰(zhàn)勝它that well do anything to fight it, no matter the cost?只要有百分之一的幾率 就有希望As long as theres a percentage, theres hope.這意味著我可能是它有作用的那百分之一It means I might be that 1% that it works for.當(dāng)我面對(duì)自己的生存概率時(shí)會(huì)怎么做And what will I do when faced with my own odds?我想無(wú)論現(xiàn)在發(fā)生什么I think, whatever happens now,這徹底地改變了我this

8、has fundamentally changed me, like.認(rèn)識(shí)癌癥五 好吧 你想把那個(gè)給.Five! OK, do you want to give that to.我和丈夫菲爾以及我們的兩個(gè)女兒I live in South London with my husband, Phil,生活在倫敦南部and our two daughters.來(lái)吧 寶貝Come on, sausage.她們一個(gè)兩歲 一個(gè)四歲They are two and four.她們都很聰明They are absolutely brilliant,也同樣非常調(diào)皮and ridiculously hard wo

9、rk in equal measure.我丈夫菲爾 是全職爸爸Phil, my husband, hes a stay-at-home dad.他照顧孩子們He takes care of the kids,孩子主要由他帶hes their primary carer.我覺(jué)得我們之間是上世紀(jì)五十年代那種I like to describe it that weve got a very非常傳統(tǒng)的關(guān)系traditional 1950s relationship,只是角色發(fā)生了調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)just everythings switched around the other way.若非有家庭的支持Ther

10、es no way that I would be able我不可能干好我的工作to do my job unless I had that home support.這種特殊算法的工作原理This particular algorithm, it works a lot like很像手機(jī)輸入法的聯(lián)想功能predictive text does on your phone.我想通過(guò)數(shù)字看待事物的好處在于I think the thing about looking at things through numbers is它給了你一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)that it gives you a chance to

11、 see yourself從完全不同的角度看待自己和這個(gè)世界and to see the world from a completely different perspective.假設(shè)你有一條走廊If you imagine you have a corridor里面有許多人朝著相反的方向移動(dòng)with lots of people moving in opposite directions,人們?cè)谛羞M(jìn)過(guò)程中會(huì)自發(fā)形成這些車道people naturally form these lanes in pedestrian traffic.我喜歡想象I like to imagine it as

12、though自己生活在youve got these two worlds兩個(gè)平行世界that are running in parallel to one another.一方面 你生活在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界So, on the one hand, youve got kind of like the real world,與此同時(shí) 你就像也生活在and then running alongside it, I think its almost like you have相同世界的數(shù)學(xué)版本中a mathematical version of that same world.在這個(gè)世界 你有的全是數(shù)字So

13、, this is the one where you have all of the numbers數(shù)據(jù)資料和方程式and all of the data and all of the equations.通過(guò)這種方式 你能拉遠(yuǎn)鏡頭Its a way that you can zoom out看清事物的本來(lái)面目and see things as they really are,而不是你以為它們的樣子rather than how you perceive them to be.2021年1月 我的人生改變了In January 2021, my life changed.我的醫(yī)生打電話告訴我

14、I had a call from my GP telling me他們?cè)谖业膶m頸涂片檢查中發(fā)現(xiàn)了異常they detected abnormalities on my smear test,這項(xiàng)檢查我推遲了六個(gè)月an appointment Id put off for six months.我們現(xiàn)在所做的So, this one that were doing here是為了弄清你的血型is for your blood group and type.在他們告訴我病情之前I had a number of follow-up investigations我做了大量后續(xù)檢查before th

15、ey could give me the full picture.他只是告訴我了事實(shí)He just told me the facts,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)腫瘤which were that theyd found a tumour有彩色糖球那么大and it was about the size of a gobstopper,完全在宮頸內(nèi)部and it was all contained within the cervix.在那一刻 你并沒(méi)意識(shí)到發(fā)生了什么In the moment, you dont really realise whats happening,之后 你才從一切中回過(guò)神來(lái)an

16、d then its only after that youre reeling from everything.剛剛發(fā)生了什么What the hell just happened?你的頭發(fā)很干凈Your hairs really clean.你洗頭了嗎Did you wash it?對(duì) 我自己一個(gè)人洗的Yeah, all by myself. I did it myself.無(wú)法保證一切都會(huì)好起來(lái)Theres no guarantee that this is all going to be OK.我有美好的生活A(yù)nd Ive had a pretty good life.對(duì)自己來(lái)說(shuō) 一方

17、面你會(huì)覺(jué)得Like, its one thing for yourself to be like,好吧 如果我只能活到36或37歲也行OK, if I only live to 36 or 37, OK, you know, whatever.就好像.Like.看看我所有的經(jīng)歷Look at all of the experiences I had,看看我要做的那些很棒的事and that look at all of the brilliant things that I gotto do,看看我要結(jié)交的那些朋友a(bǔ)nd look at all the friends I got to mak

18、e.我不能接受我的女兒們沒(méi)有我I cant quite deal with the idea of my daughters not having me.我想 這真的很難Thats the really hard bit, I think.漢娜是人 所以她會(huì)擔(dān)心 但與此同時(shí)Hannahs human, so she worries, but at the same time,信息令她感到興奮she thrives on information.她是位數(shù)學(xué)科學(xué)家You know, shes a mathematician and scientist and she,數(shù)據(jù)是她you know, d

19、ata is her is, you know,賴以生存的東西 她就是這樣的人the thing she lives by. Thats who she is.所以當(dāng)這樣的事發(fā)生時(shí)So, when something like this happens,她會(huì)想 我需要知道一切shes like, I need to know everything.我不想有任何遺漏I dont want to leave any stone unturned.就像一種本能反應(yīng)Like an instinctive reaction,只是想去讀一下to just want to read about it.癌癥及

20、其治療與癌共存過(guò)去四十年In the last 40 years,英國(guó)的癌癥存活率已翻倍cancer survival rates have doubled in the UK.由于更加成熟的手術(shù)方法和治療手段50% of people diagnosed now survive at least ten years,半數(shù)的確診患者and thats due to an ever more sophisticated raft化療目前至少已存活十年of surgeries and treatments.第一項(xiàng)推薦給我的干預(yù)措施是手術(shù)The first intervention recommen

21、ded for me is surgery,他們稱之為根治性子宮切除術(shù)what they call a radical hysterectomy.他們不僅僅摘除子宮They dont just take out the uterus,或切除宮頸they dont just take out the cervix.還會(huì)切除陰道頂端部分They take out the top section of the vagina,切除輸卵管they take out the fallopian tubes,及其周圍所有組織they take out all the tissue that surround

22、s it,因此 最終我的膀胱和腸子間so that, in the end, theres nothing between my bladder沒(méi)有任何東西 完全空了and my bowels. Its completely empty.盆腔淋巴結(jié)也全被清掃了And all of the pelvic lymph nodes.我想和有類似經(jīng)歷的人聊聊I wanted to talk to someone whos been in this position before.我第一個(gè)想到的是我朋友戴維施皮格哈爾特The first person I thought of was my friend

23、 David Spiegelhalter.他曾患前列腺癌Hes had prostate cancer,一直致力于醫(yī)學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)and hes spent a lifetime working in medical statistics.我有點(diǎn) 怎么說(shuō)呢Im just like, I dont know,試著用我一貫的方式處理trying to tackle it in the same way that I do with everything.我身邊壘著一堆書Ive got, like, this massive stack of books next都是關(guān)于我要克服的困難to me of t

24、hings that Im trying to get through.你覺(jué)得 那些數(shù)據(jù)有用嗎Do you think. I dont know. Did the numbers help you?跟其他人一樣I think, like everyone else,這對(duì)情緒的打擊是巨大的it came as a huge emotional hit.我也深受所有這些情緒的影響You know, Im not immune to any of those kind of feelings,戴維施皮格哈爾特爵士N統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家但我確實(shí)嘗試but I suppose I did try to take以某

25、種數(shù)學(xué)的角度審視它a kind of mathematical view to it并開(kāi)始調(diào)查and start doing some research on what我有哪些選擇 結(jié)果會(huì)如何the options might be and what the outcomes might be.當(dāng)然 其中一方面就是And, you know, one aspect of it, of course,會(huì)有這樣一種感覺(jué) 我患了癌癥is the feeling that, um, Oh, you know, Ive got cancer,弄掉它 直接切除lets get it out, you kn

26、ow, just cut it out.而如今我會(huì)勸人們Now I would say to people to盡量控制 保持冷靜try to keep that under control, just keep calm,保持冷靜 切除或許不是最佳方案keep calm. That may not be the best policy.你也需要考慮這些治療有弊端You have to think that these treatments have harms attached長(zhǎng)期短期都有to them, both short-term and long-term,弊也許大于利and the

27、 benefits just may not be worth it.所以有時(shí)要怎么Sometimes you should, what?克服擺脫它的沖動(dòng)Fight the urge to want to get rid of it?我指的是輕度階段Im talking about the mild case of the disease.將來(lái)會(huì)有許多人患癌癥Many more people will be living with cancer in the future.那你是輕度的嗎Is that what happened in your case, then?-不考慮做手術(shù)嗎 -不-

28、Was not having surgery an option? - No,考慮到我前列腺癌的嚴(yán)重程度I was quite strongly recommended to have surgery due to醫(yī)生強(qiáng)烈建議我做手術(shù)the particular severity of my prostate cancer.目前為止 我已經(jīng)五年沒(méi)有復(fù)發(fā)And, so far, Im clear five years out,所以先就這樣so well see, you know.由此看來(lái) 我應(yīng)該心存感激了I. In that sense, Im not going to complain.跟戴

29、維的案例一樣 我的醫(yī)生明確表示pLike Davids, my doctors have made it clear that手術(shù)是我唯一選擇surgery is the only option for me.子宮切除意味著我再無(wú)法生育The hysterectomy will mean I cant have another baby,可是我還想要孩子which is something Id hoped for,但我決定 這個(gè)代價(jià)我愿意付出but I decided it was a price I was willing to pay.這只是第一步Im, like, only at th

30、e beginning.希望這只是個(gè)小插曲Hopefully, this is just a little blip,臨時(shí)調(diào)整a moment of reset臨時(shí)的暫停and, kind of, a moment of pause.癌癥部還是綜合部The cancer unit or normal?請(qǐng)開(kāi)到癌癥部 謝謝Yes, please, the cancer unit, yeah, thank you.我下一周的家My home for the next.week.今天做什么手術(shù)What procedure are you having today?根治性子宮切除A radical hy

31、sterectomy.還挺時(shí)髦呢Well, this, is quite the thing.醫(yī)生會(huì)切除我的盆腹淋巴結(jié)The surgeons are going to remove my pelvic lymph nodes.他們擔(dān)心它們可能有癌細(xì)胞Theyre worried there might be cancer in them,但并不確定but theyre not sure.最大的問(wèn)題The biggest question和最大的不確定因素是and the most difficult uncertainty is whether or not癌癥是否已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到淋巴結(jié)the c

32、ancer had got into the lymph nodes.若沒(méi)有進(jìn)入淋巴結(jié)If the cancer hadnt got into the lymph nodes,那就是一期癌癥then it was stage one cancer.一般來(lái)說(shuō) 生存率非常高Basically, your chances of survival are really good.大約有百分之九十五 手術(shù)有效About 95%. The surgery works.情況會(huì)非常非常好Youre in a really, really good position.但哪怕癌癥轉(zhuǎn)入任何一個(gè)淋巴But if it

33、 had got into just one lymph node,你便一下從一期癌癥進(jìn)入三期you jump from stage one cancer straight to stage three cancer.就非常嚴(yán)重It becomes very, very serious.手術(shù)觀察室所有進(jìn)入手術(shù)室的人員一律需在前臺(tái)進(jìn)行登記會(huì)診醫(yī)師剛才過(guò)來(lái)So the consultant just came in.五小時(shí)后我問(wèn)他淋巴結(jié)有沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)什么And I asked him if he saw anything in the lymph nodes.他說(shuō)一邊有四個(gè)And he said th

34、at there was four on one side有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)腫大that were a bit enlarged.另一邊有一個(gè)And one on the other side.不是好消息 對(duì)吧Not great news, though, is it?四或五個(gè)淋巴腫大Four or five of them were enlarged,但也可能只是and that could be just身體在對(duì)抗感染your bodys fighting infection,或者腫大是因?yàn)榘┳僶r they could be enlarged because theyre cancerous.我來(lái)

35、之前讀過(guò)所有文獻(xiàn)Id read all of this literature before going in我知道如果是一個(gè)淋巴and I knew that if it was in one lymph node,生存率是百分之六十it was 60% chance of survival,兩個(gè)淋巴就直接下降至百分之五十two lymph nodes it dropped below 50%.而他說(shuō)我有四個(gè)或五個(gè)And here he was saying four or five可能癌變could potentially be cancerous.我想說(shuō).I mean.我已經(jīng)沒(méi)救了 不是嗎

36、Well, then, youre a goner, arent you, really?媽咪Mummy!六天之后 我回家了After six days, Im home,但我需要等待后續(xù)會(huì)診but I have to wait for a follow-up appointment確定淋巴結(jié)是否有癌變to find out if theres cancer in my lymph nodes.在英國(guó) 醫(yī)生經(jīng)常推薦In the UK, doctors often recommend一種術(shù)后治療further treatment after surgery,叫做輔助療法called adjuva

37、nt therapy.一般是化學(xué)治療或放射治療Its often chemotherapy or radiotherapy.有點(diǎn)像保險(xiǎn)Its a bit like an insurance policy.盡管癌變部位已經(jīng)移除Although the cancer has been removed,但是復(fù)發(fā)的可能性仍然存在theres a chance it might come back.這種治療旨在減少?gòu)?fù)發(fā)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)The treatment aims to reduce that risk.我想要理解醫(yī)生如何I want to understand how doctors決定哪些病人應(yīng)該進(jìn)行這些

38、額外治療decide which patients should have these extra treatments,尤其是因?yàn)樗鼈冇懈弊饔胑specially as they come with side-effects.朱迪金是北倫敦的一位腫瘤學(xué)專家Judy King is a medical oncologist in North London.我們有許多臨床病人So we have a range of people in clinic,但我們治療的大部分人都進(jìn)行著but a number of the people that well be seeing are having名叫

39、輔助化療的治療whats called adjuvant chemotherapy.他們都經(jīng)歷過(guò)手術(shù)So theyve had their surgery,他們或許進(jìn)行了掃描檢查 就目前而言they may have had scans. And, as far as we can see,沒(méi)有癌癥 但是如果不接受治療there is no cancer. However, we know that, untreated,那些病人中大部分會(huì)患一種病a number of those patients will have what we call我們稱之為微轉(zhuǎn)移micro-metastatic

40、disease,即非常微型的細(xì)胞將隨處漂離so there will be tiny cells that will have floated off朱迪金醫(yī)生腫瘤學(xué)會(huì)診醫(yī)師到達(dá)危險(xiǎn)部位and ended up in the wrong place, which,如果不檢查 可能返回并導(dǎo)致癌癥復(fù)發(fā)if left unchecked, could come back and cause a cancer recurrence.這就是我們努力治療的疾病And so those are the things that were trying to treat.如何界定對(duì)你有效Where do you

41、 set that boundary of, Its worth it for you,-對(duì)你無(wú)效 -對(duì)于乳癌- and its not worth it for you? - So, in breast cancer,可以說(shuō)我們考慮的問(wèn)題是we would say that what were looking at is what is,今后十年 你徹底擺脫癌癥的概率是多少What is the chance of you being cancer-free ten years from now?如果化療將這個(gè)存活概率And if chemotherapy improves your cha

42、nce提高百分之五或更多of being alive by about 5% or more,那么我們通常就會(huì)和病人討論then chemotherapy is something that we would usually discuss-化學(xué)療法 -我確認(rèn)一下- with a patient. - Let me make sure I understand that, though,同樣概率 換一種說(shuō)法就是because another way to say the same thing is that,如果一百位女性if youve got 100 women,所有人都接受化療all o

43、f them have chemo,并治療好其中的五位and chemo will save the lives of five of them,就是推薦與否的門檻thats the threshold?是的 這是相對(duì)低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的案例Yes, so. In a. This would be a relatively low-risk case.例如有一百位女性 其中八十人Lets say you have 100 women. 80 of them,如果此刻什么都不做if they do nothing at this point,可能會(huì)幸福的生活十年would live ten years ve

44、ry happily而且不受癌癥再次侵?jǐn)_with their cancer not coming back.或許她們中的十五人 癌癥復(fù)發(fā)And maybe 15 of them, the cancer comes back.化療將是最好的方法Chemotherapy will be the thing that means確保這十五人中有五人不復(fù)發(fā)the cancer doesnt come back for five out of the 15.所以一百位女性接受治療So you have treated 100 women,其中五位受益and five women have been be

45、nefited.這一點(diǎn)值得強(qiáng)調(diào) 在一百位女性中That point is worth repeating. In 100 women,其中五位會(huì)死于其他因素five of them are going to die of other causes -可能是心臟病發(fā)作或是車禍perhaps heart attacks or car crashes,之類的事情that kind of thing.在剩下的女性中Of all of the women that are left,百分之八十癌癥不會(huì)復(fù)發(fā)80 of them, the cancer is not going to come back.不

46、管她們是否接受化療It doesnt matter whether they have chemotherapy or not,她們都已經(jīng)痊愈了they are already cured.剩下十五名女性癌癥會(huì)復(fù)發(fā)That leaves 15 women where the cancer is going to return.但是 在她們中有五個(gè)人However, for five of these women,如果現(xiàn)在接受化療if they have chemotherapy now,就能預(yù)防癌癥復(fù)發(fā)they can prevent the cancer from coming back.然

47、而當(dāng)你開(kāi)始化療后But when you start off,你根本不知道誰(shuí)是那五名女性you have no idea who these five women are,因此這些女性中的每一個(gè)人and so every single one of these women都不得不經(jīng)歷化療 就為了拯救五個(gè)人has to go through chemotherapy just to save five lives.而且對(duì)于剩下的每一個(gè)人And for everybody else,化療與否并沒(méi)有差別chemotherapy made no difference whatsoever.她們承受所有

48、的副作用 脫發(fā)They had all of the side-effects - hair loss,嘔吐 失業(yè)vomiting, giving up work,不能見(jiàn)人not being able to see people -九十五名女性承受這一切 但事實(shí)上all of that for 95 women, and actually,毫無(wú)區(qū)別是嗎it made no difference?是的 這就是爭(zhēng)議點(diǎn)So, yes, that would be the case,而且這些是非常困難的討論點(diǎn) 因?yàn)閍nd these are the difficult conversations be

49、cause一個(gè)病人 她們也在思考a patient, they could also be thinking, you know,這真的值得嗎Is it really worth it?但我想從另一個(gè)角度來(lái)說(shuō)But then I guess on the flip side of that,你不知道你是在九十五人中還是在五人中you dont know whether youre in the 95 or youre in the five.而且或許 事實(shí)上 化療將會(huì)是And maybe, actually, chemo will be-你的救命稻草 -沒(méi)錯(cuò)- the thing that s

50、aves your life. - Exactly.當(dāng)一切都說(shuō)了做了之后When all is said and done,大部分人會(huì)認(rèn)同一個(gè)觀念the majority of people would put quite a lot of value我不想癌癥復(fù)發(fā)on the concept of, I dont want this cancer to come back. Mm.就因?yàn)榱硪粋€(gè)選擇恐怖到難以想象Just because the alternative is so horrible to imagine.藥房N化療區(qū)停下思考你正在進(jìn)入清潔區(qū)朱迪邀我去觀摩一次她的門診Judy h

51、as invited me to observe one of her appointments.-安 現(xiàn)在可以進(jìn)來(lái)嗎 -謝謝- Anne, do you want to come down? - Thank you.安是來(lái)自巴尼特區(qū)的六十七歲游泳教練Anne is a 67-year-old swimming coach from Barnet.你好 請(qǐng)進(jìn) 我的名字是朱迪金Hello, come in, my name is Judy King.我是這里的醫(yī)師一I am one of the consultants.三個(gè)月前 她做了一場(chǎng)手術(shù)She had surgery to remove切

52、除了一個(gè)直徑兩厘米的乳腺腫瘤a two-centimetre breast tumour, three weeks ago.在化療過(guò)程中會(huì)造成損傷.which is going to wreak havoc with scheduling.我將要說(shuō)明什么是化療Im going to talk about what the chemo is,以及為什么我們推薦你做化療and why we would recommend it.然后你可以思考And then you can have a think about化療究竟是不是whether thats something that you-你想要的

53、 -好的- want to do or not. - OK.所以如果我們進(jìn)行化療So if we take,某種程度上 處于你這種情況的女性sort of, women in your situation患有這種程度的腫瘤 我們關(guān)注的是with this kind of cancer, were looking at,患者之后存活并What is the chance of people being alive and well,“無(wú)癌生存十年的可能性有多大”cancer-free ten years down the line?-是的 -所以這是一切都好的概率- Yes. - So, thi

54、s is the chance that everything is fine.這是很不錯(cuò)的一個(gè)概率Theres a pretty good chance,腫瘤被切除 任務(wù)完成cancer has been cut out, job done. Mm-hm.這里 是腫瘤復(fù)發(fā)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)This, here, is the risk of the cancer coming back.-所以 我的工作就是降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn) -好的- Yeah? So, my job is to reduce that risk. - Right.十年生存期腫瘤復(fù)發(fā)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就絕對(duì)數(shù)字來(lái)說(shuō)In terms of absolute nu

55、mbers,我們會(huì)把腫瘤復(fù)發(fā)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降至約百分之四we reduce the chance of it coming back again by about 4%.問(wèn)題在于我不知道你究竟是So, the thing is that I dont know if youre one這些人之一of these people over here.-對(duì) -僅靠手術(shù)就能痊愈- No. - .who the surgery is enough,還是剩下的這些人之一and I dont know if youre one of these people over here.不得不說(shuō)我推薦每一個(gè)人So, what

56、 I have to say is that I recommend that everybody服用藥物進(jìn)行化療has the tablets and the chemo just to reduce-從而盡可能降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn) -為了不復(fù)發(fā)- the risk as much as possible. - Just to get to that, yeah.我將要說(shuō)的是一些有關(guān)化療的So, Im going to talk a little bit about how the chemo works作用和副作用的事 然后我想我們應(yīng)該and the side-effects, and then I

57、think we should have討論一下你是否想做化療a talk about whether thats something that you want to do.好的OK.-行嗎 -行- Is that all right? - Yeah.副作用 常見(jiàn)的是感到疲倦So, side-effects, common things - feeling tired,人會(huì)在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)感到極度疲憊people do feel pretty washed out for a couple of days. Mm-hm.化療會(huì)降低你的免疫力Chemotherapy can drop your i

58、mmune system.那意味著 如果你發(fā)熱或感染That means that, if you get a fever or if you get你不能 你的身體不能合理地抵抗它an infection, you cant. Your body cant fight it properly.如果你發(fā)熱If you get a fever,你必須撥打急救電話you must phone the emergency numbers.如果你撐不下去If you cant get through,-你不得不進(jìn)入急救室 -好的- you have to go to A&E. - All right.

59、化療會(huì)影響你的頭發(fā)It does affect your hair.-可以嗎 -那可能是我的- All right? - Thats probably my.拋開(kāi)一切不談 脫發(fā)這個(gè)問(wèn)題會(huì)是Out of everything, its the hair loss thats going to be.它確實(shí)是大部分人在意的事Its actually the thing that most people.畢竟我有這么好看的頭發(fā) 所以Because Ive got such fine hair anyway, so.-總是要用圍巾或假發(fā)之類的東西 -是的- Always worth having a

60、scarf or a wig or what have you. - Yeah.另一個(gè)問(wèn)題 感到惡心或嘔吐Other things, feeling sick or being sick,反酸 腸道會(huì)有兩種結(jié)果 可能是腹瀉acidy, bowels can go either way - can be diarrhoea,也可能是便秘can be constipation.隱痛或劇痛 種種問(wèn)題Aches and pains, those kinds of things.你怎么看What are you thinking?-我要接受化療 -你要接受化療- Im going for it. - Y