詞匯專項訓練考博英語詞匯講座

1、考博英語詞匯（1）第一部分1全腦活化詞匯策略人類左右腦分析比較：左腦：意識、低速、一般閱讀、知識、知覺、知性、邏輯右腦：無意識、速、速讀、創(chuàng)造力、視覺、聽覺、觸覺、嗅覺、味覺、圖像、色彩、右腦具備左腦沒有的特殊機能：1速大量機制2圖像化機能34速演算機能共鳴機能2舉例說明：241922131425策略：聯(lián)想法、串聯(lián)法、構(gòu)詞法、近義詞、近形詞、易3詞匯搭配詞、加減詞、固定eunasia, chrysanthemumflowerrose, lily, tulip, peony, carnation, camellia, azalea, narcis, chrysanthemum, fet-me-n

2、ot, poinsettia, receivedeceiveconceive (-ceive= take; con- = 共同)tumblestumble （tumble跌倒）o/through 跌倒；stumbleover / on 腳下拌到東西而s ionarys ionery （文具，如筆 pen,鉛筆 pencil 中含有e, 故見到e就想起是文具。）genius genuine (含有 us 的是天才，因為formdeform 確（形狀；變形）attach to是天才啊！另一個就是真正的),第二部分1聯(lián)想法carnation,實例練習narcis,coroner,chande r,h

3、ippocampus,assassinate,antarctic,armour ，abalone, flounder, cult, beau 2串聯(lián)法network:ernetcyberspa velog on3構(gòu)詞法-age （狀態(tài)、特性、行為）mercewebsiteon-linehomebrowseretriepage/rage, advantage/disadvantage, message/massage, courage/encourage, voltage/village/cottage, luggage/carriage, garageage,coverage, cabbage

4、, shortage, leakage, breakage, passage,tage, bondage （bond 結(jié)束、約束、債券；bondage 就含有manage ,spillage,、的意思）, damage, garbage （garb 衣服）,usage, storage, savage, sausage (sauce), dosage1language, image, heritage, engage-wardinward, outward, forward, backward, toward, upward, downward, seaward, skyward,coward

5、, reward, award,a- (作表語用的形容詞；動詞。)apart, aloud, around, away, afar, aboard, across alike, acute, alive, asleep, awareamaze, amend, amuse, arise, ascribe, avail, await, awake, award, abound, abridge, amountaffirm, acclaim, 4近義詞Merchants 煤商Dealers買進賣出商人Businessmen（廣義）商人Tradesmen（英）店主pany, account, arra

6、nge, array, arrest, arrowBlame forCondemn foreWagesThievesBurglarsAccuse ofSalaryRobbersCriticize forPayBanditsBuyersSyntheticScene 特別的景象，如泰山的日出 Scenery 一國一地的自然風光Views 特別的景象AnnounceShoppersFalsePublishCustomersC ntsImi ionCounterfeitAdvertiseNature強 調(diào) 大 自 然Inform的感召力，不著重具體的自然景象ArtifilSubstitute Sele

7、ction PreferenceAlternativeParticular Peculiar SpelUnusualUrgent HastyInstant緊急草率立刻Mortal FatalDeadlyPrompt 快速；及時Preliminary Primary ElementaryFundamentalImaginative Imaginable ImaginedImaginaryContend 競爭Fraud Deceive CheatDupeCompete 比賽；競爭StruggleDecline Deny RejectRefusePlexPuzzle ConfuseReproach

8、Scold Compliment ReprimandHinder Preclude Detain RetardHamperReliable Confident FaithfulDependentFatigued Tired ExhaustedBoredEmpty Bl VacantBareProtracttpone Cancel Delay Adjourn25近形詞fiction fraction friction functioncontainattitude altitudeaptituderoom doom boomloomdescriptiveprescriptivetumble st

9、umble scramble humble tremble resume consume amepresumeense entional ensive endingendederference erruption erventioneractiontranionareensureinsure rearetransmis transformationtransitionresumption consumption amption presumption borecore poresorecontactactsometimes some time sometimesome timessibilit

10、y validity reliabilitysecurityhatch catch patchmatchsimplify modify verifyrectifyconceivableperceivablebare rare care dare fareharearise rise raisearousejustify testify rectifyverifyrespectful respectable respectedrespectivetranscription subscription prescriptiondescriptionbanish vanish diminishadmo

11、nishdetain attain retaincertainattribute contribute distributetributedurability flexibilityversatility3hostilityfold gold hold mold soldtoldincludecooperate coordinate correlatecorrespondform deform inform transformconformobserve reserve conserve preservedeservemigrant immigrant immigrate immigratio

12、n emigrant emigrateemigrationcontemptattempt promptexcept accept conceptperceptprior superior inferior seniorjunioredge hedge wedgepledgereceive deceive conceiveperceivesparrow swallow hollow sorrow narrowpillowdeduce reduce produce induceseduceachieve be ve grievere veboldcoldprecludeexclude自測題：不看講

13、義，試一試你的14. 7. 10. 列出以下單詞的近義詞：力。利用聯(lián)想法，你能記住多少剛才所學的詞：2. 3. 5. 6. 8. 9. 11. 12. 1.emortalurgentsyntheticdeceiveretardemptyconfuse4buyercontend3. 列出以下單詞的近形詞：.5.6.tumble description justify attain attributeprior漢英對照 近義詞 Merchants Dealers BusinessmenTradesmen煤商買進賣出商人（廣義）商人（英）店主Scene Scenery ViewsNat

14、ure特別的景象，如泰山的日出一國一地的自然風光特別的景象強調(diào)大自然的感召力，不著重具體的自然景象Urgent Hasty InstantPrompt緊急草率立刻快速；及時Contend Competeanization in搏比奪賽 ； 競ss) or(compete against sb. in order to gain sth.)爭(trytobemoresucsfulnanothercompete with sb. for sth. / compete for office（爭奪公職） / against(try hard to achieve sth.) struggle agai

15、nst difficulties/ struggle forStrugglefreedom、信仰不能同時存在，不能都正確。）a（of opinion（）; The two accounts of whad happeneded witheach other.（關于發(fā)生的事情，兩個截然不同。）Hinder: make it difficult for sb. to do sth. Or for sth.to developHigh invest rates will hinder economic growth.Preclude: (formal) prevent sth. or make st

16、h. imsibleAge alDetain: (offiill not preclude him from standing as a candidate.lly) prevent sb. from leaving some place（拘留；扣押）Delay sb. who wants to leave, by talking to them, asking them to do sth.（耽擱；留?。?He was detained by a flat tire on his way home.Thedetained the man to make further inquiries.R

17、etard: (formal) tay the development of sth. or to make sth. happen more slowlyn expected.（妨礙；推遲）Cold weather retards the growth of many plants.Bad roads retard the car（失修的公路阻滯了車速。）Hamper:restrictsb.movement,activities,achievementsbycausing them.difficultiesforWomens progresshe workplace is still ham

18、pered by males attitudes.Hamper sb. from getting elected.Protract: last a long time, esp. longern usualProtracted negotiations曠日持久的談判Protract ones stay for someks多呆了幾個tpone: change an event, action to a later time or dateGail and Lisae decided totponeing a family for a while.The match had to betpone

19、d.Cancel: arranget a planned activity or event will not now happen.The football game had been cancelled due to rain.Delay: wait until a later time to do sth.t delay claiming or you may lose benefit.Adjourn: finish or stop for a short timeThe chairman has theer to adjourn the meeting at any time.Blam

20、e for Condemn for Accuse sb. of sth.Criticize for把歸于譴責指責Announce Publish AdvertiseInform宣布；通知； 為做告知 (inform sb.of sth.)Substitute: usedpreviously.sth.newordifferenttyouuseinsteadofsth.elsetyou替代品；替補Substitute teacher代課教師Selection:thecarefulchoiceofaparticular groupofsimilar people or things.Preferen

21、ce: if you like a preference for sth. you like it moreorthingfromamongan another thing.Alternative: sth.t you can choose to do or use instead of sth. elseFraud:amethodofillegallygettingmoneyfromsb.,oftenbyusingclever and6complicated methods.Deceive: make sb. beve sth.t is not true in order to get wh

22、at you want.Cheat:besp.ineinadishonestwayinordertowinortogetanadvantage,competitive, game, exams.Dupe: trick or deceive sb.哄騙；詐騙Consumers are being dupedo buying faulty electronic goods.Decline: refuse to do sth.（比較婉轉(zhuǎn)，禮貌邀請）Deny:Shedeniedworkingfortheenemy=She fortheenemy ( NOT: She refused to work f

23、or the enemy.)saidshewasnotworkingReject: Refuse: RTuelrinabdloewn Confident Faithful fighterDependent申請，觀點，計劃邀請靠（的口；有信心的忠實的；可靠的（側(cè)重于a reliable賴的（側(cè)重于始終如一。）, a faithful從屬的；依靠的e Wages SalaryPay總收入按周或日付酬月薪；年薪工資Buyers Shoppers CustomersCnts買主家庭中外出購物的人顧客委托人Particular: spePeculiar:l enough to mention separ

24、aystrange,unfamiliar,andalittlesurprising,esp.inawaytisunpleasant or worrying.Taste peculiarSpel: not ordinary but different in some way and often better or more important.a spel dietunusual: different from what is usualspel spelly or espellyspelly: used when you do sth.t is different from what you

25、usually do for aparticular pure (wipassive form of a verb: a spelly made)espelly:toemphasizesth.ismoreworthmentioningormoreimportantnthe other things, ( , espelly when)7Preliminary Primary ElementaryFundamental初步的；開始的（強調(diào)開始之前有準備工作）最初的；主要的；基本的；沒有預備初步的；簡單的基礎的Plex（常用）困惑；茫然；費解Make you feel worried and co

26、nfused because it is difficult to understand.e.g. I was somewhat plexed by his response.Puzzle: confuse sb. or make them feel slightly anxious because theysth.ot understande.g. What puzzles me is how the burglar goto the house without setting off thealarm.Confuse（常用Make sb. feel）t they cannot think

27、clearly orot understand.e.g.t give me so much information. you are confusing me.I was confused.Fatigued: very tired.e.g. fatigued after her long journey, Bill fello a deep sleep.Tired: feelingt you want tosleep or rest.Exhausted: extremely tired anding no energy.Bored: tired and impatient because yo

28、u e nothing to do.e.g. Children easily get bored.ot think sth. iseresting, or because youThieves 小偷；竊賊 Burglars潛入室內(nèi)的盜賊 Robbers 強盜；賊Bandits土匪；強盜（常出沒在山區(qū)、森林）Synthetic FalseImiionCounterfeit的；人造的（強調(diào)替代品，與原物不一樣，如假牙，人造瓚石）仿造的(Beware of imiion謹防比 Imiion 更貶義)Artifil人造的（強調(diào)生產(chǎn)方式，如：人工降雨）Mortal : causing death or

29、likely to cause deathe.g. mortal injures / blow / combat Fatal: resulting in sbs deathe.g. fatal accident / illness / injures Deadly : like dead in appearancee.g. His face has a deadly paleness likely to cause deathe.g. deadly8lel: causing death, oring theer to cause deathe.g. a lel dose of a drugIm

30、aginative: new anderesting idea used in a clever way; good at thingking of new,eresting ideas and at forming pictures in ones minde.g. imaginative writer; imaginative childImaginable: emphasize imagineAll, every, onlyt sth. is the best, worst example of sth.t it issible toImagined: forming a picture

31、 or idea in your mind about what sth. could be like. Imaginary: not really, but produced from pictures or ideas in your mind.e.g. all the charactershis book are imaginary.Reproach: sb. for /with sth. forng sth.blameorcriticizesomeoneinawaynot angrytshowsyouaredisappoed,bute.g. Jake reproached her bi

32、tterly for abaning him.Scold: angrily criticize someone, esp. a child, about sth. Compliment: sb. on sth.Say sth. nice to sb. in order to praise himReprimand: sb. for sth.vee.l sb. offillyt sth. theyee is very wrong.Rebuke: speak to sb. severely, about sth. theyee wrong. sb. for V-ingot approve of s

33、th. theyeChide: (literary) to speak angrily to sb. because youe.ComplimentComplement:showupthegoodqualities moreattractive.insb.orsth.ormakethemseemEmpty:ing nothing inside; noving people inside; not being usede.g. an empty tablehe corner empty nest: the situationt parents are in when all their chil

34、drene left homeBl: without any writing, pr, or recorded sound; showing no understanding;e.g. go bl: suddenly unable to remember sth.for TV; stop showing any imagesVacant: vacant seat, roomemptyandavailableforsb.touseempty and available for sb. to start withitionveredVacant job,BDaercee:iveedmpty,not

35、byanythingornotinganydecoration;notcDoevseerreteddby遺棄絕ras望scDleosthper,atbeyd trees9Disappoed失望近形詞fiction fraction frictionfunction小說 一部分摩擦功能；職責tumble stumble scramble humbletremble跌倒拌倒攀登；爭奪謙虛；羞辱顫抖；擔心resumeconsume中斷后重新開始消耗假定；假設；采用 (thinkamet sth. is true although youe no proof ofit. E.g. responsibi

36、lities /er: start to do a job esp. an important one)presume推測；冒昧 (think you can be sure of sth. because it is likely, althoughthere is no proof. E.g. sb. / sth. to be sth. / be ed to do sth. / to do sth.resumptionconsumption恢復消費假定；臆斷；傲慢(the amption of responsibilities: the act ofamptionstarting topr

37、esumptione control orer) ( His air of amption made him disliked.)傲慢；推測；假定(disrespectfulorimpolitebeiortshows you are too confident)bore core poresoreV.鉆孔n.孔n.令人討厭的v.事v.a.使厭煩注視疼痛的n.毛a.多孔的孔n.痛處；潰瘍simplify modify verifyrectify簡化更改證實對某物作稍微修改使其完善糾正；把不滿意的狀況變成合乎人們所期待的狀況justify testify rectifyverify證明是有道理的證

38、明糾正；把不滿意的狀況變成合乎人們所期待的狀況證實10transcription: subscription： prescriptiondescription：抄寫；翻譯；副本 捐贈；訂閱；認購；藥方；指令描述；描繪attributecontribute把歸因于（to捐贈；投稿）contribute to有助于distributetribute分發(fā)；分配貢品；勒索的錢財；頌詞attitude altitude aptitude latitudemultitude態(tài)度高度天資；傾向緯度人群（a multitude of 許多）descriptiveprescriptive說明的規(guī)范的；約定俗成的

39、erference erruption erventioneraction干預（強調(diào)妨礙）打斷介于；在中間起作用相互作用tranion辦理；交易；學報；相反作用transmistransformation transition傳送；轉(zhuǎn)換；發(fā)送變遷；過渡時期contactact接觸；交往；有影響的熟人 （tact完整無缺的圓滑，乖巧，手腕）sibility validity reliabilitysecurity可能性有效性；正確性可靠性保障；安全感conceivable；可相信的able to be belileved or imagined. E.g. every可conceivable m

40、eansperceivable可感知的；可認識的arise:bego happen (problem, difficulty)e.g. arise from= caused by11rise: increase, go upwards, rise,e sucsfulraise: e.g. raise a question; waise your voicearouse:makeyou wakesb.eeresting,expectsth.;makesb.angry,afraid;When things and primove upwards on their own, they rise.Pe

41、ople tax.Respectfulovernment raise / increase the price. E.g. Theernment is raising the尊重別人的；有禮貌的 值得人們尊重的；正派的受到人們尊重的各自的；各個的Respectable RespectedRespectivedetain: (offilly) prevent sb. from leaving some place（拘留；扣押）Delay sb. who wants to leave, by talking to them, asking them to do sth.（耽擱；留住）Attain:

42、succeedinreachingaparticularleveloringetting foralong time.sth.aftertryingRetain: keep sb. or continue toe sth. e.g. retain a sense of dignityCertain: Contain: Room Doom BoomLoom一定容納房間厄運；定罪，迅速發(fā)展織布機ense entional ensive endingended有意的；故意的精細的；強化的打算；意欲are:l sb.t t sth. with definiy happen.e.g. sb.be ed

43、of: feel certahat sth. will happenensure: make sure (AmE. Insure)e.g. Please ensuret it does happent the lights are switched oefore leaving the building.usedinthismeaning,butitmainlyusedinArecanbe:sucs,safety.E.g.The bands latest release has ared their sucshe rock world.insure: against sth. bad happening to it by