[英語]Profiles of the Chinese Pig Industry

1、英語Profiles of the Chinese Pig IndustryPrfilesfthehinesePigIndustryNatterhyuask,theanserillbethesae:hinaistheN.1prkprduerandnsuernthisplanet.Intheyearf2000,527illinheadsfpigsereslaughtered,andnearly50%fallprkintherldisnprduedinhina(NBS,FA,USDA,2002).The1.3billinnsuersseetpreferprkveranythereatsinthEi

2、reals-essentiallyallprkprduedintheuntryisnsueddestially.Dependingnhyuask,yuillatleasthavesedifferentansersabuttheprfilesfthehinesepigindustry.In1999,asurveyndutedbyNBS(NatinalBureaufStatistisfhina)revealedthathusehldsinruralhinaraisedanaveragef1.48pigs(NBS,2000).nepersnf8intherldisahinesefarer.Anthe

3、rfrequentlyqutedstatistiisthatabut80perentfallhinesepigsareprduedinthebakyardsffarershes.Reentreprtspreparedin2002byhgindustryassiatinsinZhejiang,Shanghai,Beijing,andGuangdngprvinesprpsedthat40t50perentfthehgsereprduednsalefarsinthseprvines.Hever,itisdiffiulttpreiselydefineasalefarandvalidatetherepr

4、tsithutrereliabledata.hataretherretnuberstdesribetheprfiles?Therealityaybesiple:therehasbeennsundandprehensiveinvestigatin/surveyaplishedsfarinrdertauratelyprfiletheindustry.InreasingarketpennessinferredbyhinasaessinttherldTraderganizatin,ntinuedinegrth,andtheshiftffdnsuptinpatternstardsreeathaveatt

5、ratedreandreattentinsfrtherestfrldnhineseprkindustry.Thisreprtatteptstdepitthepigindustryinhinabyexplringtheprdutinstsandajrnstraintsfseveralsineprduers.Keyfatrsandissuesillardinglybestressedtillustratehatdifferentiatesthehinesepigindustryfrtheruntriesandhatdiretintheindustryisheadinginfrthefuture.a

6、se1:s.Yan-StrugglingBakyardPrduerss.Yanis64yearsldandhasbeenraisingtpigsfrthelast40yearsexeptfrseveralextreeyearsinearly1960shenanypeplediedffaine.Sheandherhusbandre-builttheirhuseinruralShandngPrvinesatleastsixtiesinthelast40years.InthseverydiffiultyearsaidtheulturalRevlutin,3r4pigsayearuldaddasign

7、ifiantpartffailyrevenue.Fdgrain(ainlyheat)asneverenughfrfuryunghildrenintheearlyyears.Sellingapigtrthreetiesayearalledfrthepurhasesftherfdsinreturn.Table1.peratinDesriptinfs.Yans2-pigFar.ItesNte1.FeederPigs-bughtfrlalbazaarsatabut15t23Kgandabut$0.85/Kg2-r3-ayrssbred.Payanbedeferredasshrt-terdebt.2.F

8、eed-nlyabut10%fthefeedisgrain,prteineals,andpreixes;thersarefdresiduesithnst.nlyfeedlittlegrainatearlyandlatestage.3.Daystarket-abut200daysfr20Kgt65Kg.4.arketpigs-sldtdealersrnlalbazaars.Liveeightprievariesfr$0.65t$0.80/Kgin2002.5.anure-stredinapenpitfrfieldappliatinnsideredthavevalue6.LabrVets-tieu

9、sedfrbuyingandsellingpigsandleaning;vetsanddrugsstabut$10perpig.NpprtunitystfrlabrinludedTTable2.nslidatedBalaneSheetfs.Yans2-pigperatin,June30,2002ItesAunt,USDItesAunt,USDAssetsLiabilityurrentashfrfeedandvets42Shrtterdebtfrfeederpigs194%preixandtherfeedinstre9Taxespayable4FixedPigshed,trugh,andtls1

10、33Pigs77Ttalequity238Table3.EstiatednslidatedIneStateentfs.Yan2-pigperatin,Deeber31,2002ItesAunt,USDNteRevenuesPigssld141.53pigssldayearanurelletedfrfertilizeruse29pprtunitystExpensesBuyfeederpigs21.5Grainandprteineals13.88%ffeedPreixes2.85KgttalLabr65NrallyntinludedVetsanddrugs7.3thers6.5Depreiatin

11、2.7Netinebefretaxes50.9Netine48.93-5%taxesandfeesNetineperpig16.3AdvantagestbeabakyardprduerEnterrithdrabusinesst/frpigindustryatessentiallynst.Prdutinflisttallyadjustabledependingnarketprie.Trthreepigssldperyearusedtauntfr30t40perentashinefrherfailybutnaybedntnly10perent.DisadvantagesandnstraintsNl

12、everageperninputsandprdutspries.Diseasesanauseseriusprblesandlsses.rediffiulttfindarketandsellpigsduethigherstftransprtatin,thususuallyreeivelerpries.Alaysbeingalestpriereeivernatterhuhyuiprvedgenetis.Yunggeneratinnsiderdraprbleandneighbrsplaintsfdr.Dereasedinterestsinpigprdutinbyyungergeneratin.Atu

13、ally,bakyardpigprdutinisdisappearinginareasarundbigities.pprtunitystflabrhasbeenntedandbeginstinrease.EergingIssuesIndustrializatin,ntinuusrefr,andpeningttheutsiderldarebringingabutanyhangesinthehinesepigindustry.bserversandresearhersinterestedinthehinesepigindustryarestudyingtheissuesurrentlyeergin

14、gintheuntryinrdertskeththeutlkfrhineseindustry.nernedabutptentialprblesausedbyredutinsinruralines,thehinesegvernent,ithalnghistryfplannedeny,illprbablyntinuetprvidevariussupprtstthehusehldsinagriulturalareas.Pigprdutinisnefthesetrshsenbythegvernentthelpraisefarines.Thetrendtardshusehldspeializatinan

15、dexpandingfarsizesillntinueinthehpefinreasingprdutineffiieny.Althughthepaetardsprivatizingstate-nedsinefarsisntfastenughteettheindustryexpetatin,thereslvefthegvernenttdrpthelng-sufferedburdenfpr-anagedfarsisevident.InGuangdng,lalgvernentshavealreadyliquidatedanysinefars,failitatingpurhasebyfaranager

16、sandtehniiansatveryreasnablepries.neppulardelistlettheanagersnupt40%fnetassets/equityandtherrkersanbuytherest.Aftertherefrthestateayrayntretainsharesinthebusiness.anagersnrallyhavetpayashrartizetheinitialstfthetransatin.anagersare.Theyareevenalledtbuyutthefarusingthefutureearningsinseareas.Inadditin

17、,thevaluefapigfarillbeassessedellbeltherealvalueinrdertakeitaffrdablefranagers.Nelyreatedprivatesinefarsanbeverypetitiveduetthelfixedstsandttalassets,atleastinashrtter.Inadditintaniaturearketeny,prinfrastrutureandlgististhandleliveanialandhilledprklgistisillreainaajrnstraintfralngtie.theraspetslikep

18、rdutineffiienyarealsajrnstraintsfranyhinesesinefarerstvere.Thisisntliitedttehnialskills.Perhapsreiprtantisthelakfbasianageentskillsneededtaddenivaluetasineperatin.hinesensuerslkingfrqualityandflavrseeillingtpayhigherpriesfrprk.Pineeringpanieshavereprtedsuessinvalue-addedprdutshentheytrytephasizeprkq

19、ualitybyrssbreedingleanpigsithlalhinesebreeds.Severalfdprduershavealreadypenedspeializedstresrsuperarketuntersfrlal-flavrprk.Thebrilerindustryhasalreadyexperienedasiilarhangeinseveralprvinesinsuthernhinaherethefast-gringbrilershavenstlydisappearedfrthearketsduetunfavrableeatingquality.Fdsafetyhasree

20、ntlyausedalargeauntltfpublinernsinhinaduetaspatefaseshereprkasntainatedfd-relatedtxiities.Inthepast3years,severalhuanfatalitieshaveresultedfrpigfarsdeliberatelyaddinglenbuterltinreasepigleanntent.plaintsandangerfrthepublihavefredthegvernenttipsetighterntrlandestablishstritnelasfrquarantineandinspeti

21、ns.Thehangeuldptentiallydetertheneentriesfsallpigprduersandreduethenuberfbakyardprduershhavelessntrlfthequality.Brandedprdutsfrlarge-salepigfarsuldgainadvantagesiftheyandifferentiatetheirprdutsinthearket.hinasTaessinalngithfdsafetynernsuldfailitatefreignprkprduersinenteringthehigh-endfthehineseprkar

22、ket.Iprtedprkaysatisfytheneedsfhigh-endnsuers,nsuersinurbanareas,andfreignturists.Hever,hetherrntlalnsuersillpurhaseiprtedprkisdiffiulttpreditandthisilldependntheirdispsableinegrth,hangesinnsuerpreferenes,andthersial-enifatrs.EvenunderrefavrablearketnditinsafterT,freigninvestrsinthehinesepigindustry

23、stillseeautius.Untiln,liitedauntsffreignapitalhavebeenerebrughtintbreedingbusinessesandafepakingplants.Itseestbetearlytevaluatetheipatsffreigninvestents.Frtelevisinsetstlaptpputers,allnsuerprdutshavebee,tsedegree,ditiesinhinan.Thequestinis:anfreignprkprduersenteringthehinesearketdifferentiatetheirprdut?Ifnt,iprtsareunlikelyaspetitinnprieisdiffiult.Inanyaspets,theurrentindustryisquiteeffiientatdeliveringprdutfrthefartthetable.Pressing,arketingandtransprtatinstsareftenrelativelyl.