國際音標課件 (2)

1、The First LessonIm happy, lucky to help you learn the most interesting subject -EnglishWelcome to our schoolTo learn English well, you must learn1. International phonetic symbols(音標)2. Words and expressions3. Sentence patterns4. Grammar rulesWhat am I going to do for you?To give you some directions,

2、 help you learn, check your schoolwork.What are you going to do in and after class? To be active (in class activities). To be brave (to speak, ask and answer). To be careful (with your work).Shall we have some class rules in our English lessons?Dont be late for school or class. No eating or drinking

3、 in class. No sleeping in class. No talking when someone is speaking. No laughing when someone makes a mistake. 6. No fighting in class. 7.Hand in your homework on time* Be on time. Be quiet when the teacher comes.* Take your textbook, a notebook, (a writing pad) a black pen and a red pen.* Listen c

4、arefully in class.* Always put up your hand before you want to say something. RememberThe Alphabet元音和輔音的定義：1. 發(fā)音時聲帶振動，呼出的氣流通過口腔時不受阻礙，這樣形成的語音稱為元音。2. 不論聲帶振動與否，發(fā)音時呼出的氣流通過口腔或鼻腔時受到一定的阻礙，這樣形成的語音稱為輔音。英語語音專題International Phonetic symbols（國際音標）What are phonetic symbols?the system or pattern of speech sounds

5、used in a particular language?語音最小單位是音素。語言的語音都是由四十八個不同的音素相互組合而成的。How many phonetic symbols are there?48 phonetic symbolsVowel soundsConsonantsPure vowelsdiphthongsVoiceless C.Voiced C.i: i e : : : u: uei u ai aui i up t k f s tr hb d g v z d dr dz r l m n w j元音 vowels (20個) 1. 前元音 i: e, ee, ea, ie,

6、ei, eo A: Tea or coffee? B: Tea for Lee and coffee for me, please. i i, e, y, ey His little sister is sitting in the middle. e e, ea, ai Good, better, best. Never let it rest. Till good is better. And better best. a Cat, cat! Catch that black rat! he see, read, piece, ceiling, peopleis, English, bus

7、y, moneyred, then, head, againhat, bag, can, appleCompare it-eat 2. liveleave 3. fillfeel 4. seatsit 5. treetrip 6. bitbee 7. sheepship 8. deeddid 9. liveleave 10. feedfit 11. peapit 12. ridread 13. streetstrict 14. sleepslip Comparebet-bat 2. patpet 3. bagbeg 4. satset 5. neck-lack 6. sadsaid 7. ba

8、dbed 8. daddead 9. ladled 10. fadfed er, a, e The farmers sister is a doctor. : ir, ur or The early bird catches the worm first. o, u Come to the front on the double.clever, ruler, panda, opengirl, shirt, purple, worklove, colour, us, duck中元音earth nurse skirt learn her wordRead the wordsear(不單獨出現(xiàn)時)

9、ur ir er or :Phrases:A dirty skirthurt a birdLearn to workworse and worseRead the wordsago again address hundred parent license water August bananatoday colour policeman a e er o our 在非重讀音節(jié)中 PhrasesSooner or laterAutumn and AugustWorker and farmerabout the picture of the teacher a: ar, a Its far to

10、the farm from the park. o, a The little pot is so hot. : or, a, au, ar My daughter whos forty-four is a lawyer. u oo Look at the cookbook. Its really good. u: oo, u, ou, oe How do you do? You look really cool.shop, sorry, watch, whatmorning, call, autumn, warmfootball, wood, classroom, booksoon, rul

11、er, soup, shoehalf, class, park, hard后元音Compare a:cut-cart 2. lucklark 3.duckdark 4. toughtask 5.mudmark 6. busbath 7. farfun 8. shutshark a: fa:spka:pit sndipa:tibsfa:msnba:skit tCompare pot-port 2. lotlord 3. notnorth 4. foxforks 5.shotshort 6. wokwalk7. spotsport 8. cockcaught Compare walk work s

12、hortshirtwarmworddoor-dirtsore- sircause-curd _ i: i e a: : u: u : 單元音 vowels (12個)雙元音 ei a, ai, ay, ea, ei Rain, rain go away. Little Johnny wants to play. ai i, y Out of sight, out of mind.i oy, oi Soybean oil is my choice.u o, oa, ow, Go and open the window, Joe, and show me the photo.au ou, ow I

13、 found a mouse in the house.game, rain, play, greatfive, idea, try, goodbyeboy, toy, point, oilold, hello, coat, showabout, round, down, townface same game play waste hate late hay complain famous Read the wordsI life quiet mind price night die shy white lie highPhraseseihate to be latesave her face

14、never wastemet the first ladyaiPhrasesthe blue skyin the countrysidethe biting windOut of sight ,out of mindai 寫法_ 1 2 ai 3 ai road coat goat boat loadcold smoke go home hopeRead the wordshow about shout cow loudmouse ground hour crown mouthPhrasesu Gold Coast make a toast be all bonesthe local lang

15、uagePhrasesau go for an outing between ourselves read aloudout of dateau_寫法 1 2 au 3 auLearn the phrasestoil and moila spoiled boy Annoying noiselive for enjoymentRead the words Boys and girls, please pay attention to “ oy ”!boy toy joy soy annoying employ Read the wordsNow please pay attention to “

16、 oi ”! oil soil boil coin point noise i ear, eer, ea We are near the end of the year. ere, air, are, eir Where there is a will, there is a way. u ure, our Its sure to be good for the tourists. Poor tour!hear, year, deer, reallythere, chair, careful, theirsure, tour, poor, February 寫法_ 1 2 3 Read the

17、 wordsi ear dear hear tear fear clear here beer sneer peer pear wear where dare care share bare rare hair flair fair stair repair Read the phrases i come here drink the beer very clear fear nothing here and there Cheering with tearsLearn the phrases share your banana with monkey eat a lot of pears a

18、 rare metal run barefoot at the trade fairRead the words u sure unsure brochure poor moor tourTongue Twister Sure sure sure, Poor poor poor, Im sure you know Im poor, So I cant go to make a tour._ i u ei ai u au i i: i e a: : : u: u元音 vowels (20個)輔音28個輔音 Consonants (28個) 1.爆破音 p Practice makes perfe

19、ct. b Barry found a big bug on her bed. t This is a hat, thats a cap. d The doorman told David to go down. k Dont kit the kitten. g A good beginning makes a good ending.pbpay - baypear bearpen - Benpig - bigpbcap - cablap - labtap - tabrope - robetdtown downtie dietear deartouch Dutchtdbent bendrigh

20、t ridelent lendbet bed兩清輔音一起時，后一個清輔音變成濁輔音，或叫濁化sp sb st sd sk sgspeak spit spy study star start sky school screenkgKate gatecard guardcould goodcoat goatkgpick pigflak flagback bagLock log2.鼻音 m May I have some milk, mum? n Nora knows the new comer. Lingling is listening to the song.Compare n n ng /n

21、k inink sin-sing thin-thing thanthank son-song 3.摩擦音f If you buy fish, make sure its fresh.v Victor is very clever. Thank you for your table cloth. Those are far and these are near. s Sandy has a new swimming suit. z What size of shoes does Daisy wear? sure, she, social, nation Wash the fish, please

22、. pleasure, televisionGeorge measured the garage with pleasure. h have hot, who whole hate houseHelen holds her hands. r read, write, wrongAre you ready to read? 4.破擦音 t He teaches children how to play chess. d John likes to tell jokes. tr Therere lots of trucks in the street. dr He likes strong dri

23、nks. ts The students are wearing white shirts. dz Take away your dirty hands. 5) 舌邊音: l land, world 如果在后面 讀 little, middle, castle，puzzleWhat a beautiful bicycle!6) 半元音: w wall, what, answer The homework every week is very hard. j yes yellow yearYes, your yellow skirt is wet.light night rightlock kn

24、ock rocklot not rotlead need readlice nice rice compare:1. Red lorry, yellow lorry, red lorry, yellow lorry. 2. Lets look for leaves in the large lake with a long ladder.Tongue twisters成音節(jié)m，n，l英語輔音字母中有 3 個輔音m，n，l是響音，它們和輔音音素結(jié)合，也可構(gòu)成音節(jié)，也叫成音節(jié)。它們構(gòu)成的音節(jié)往往出現(xiàn)在詞尾，一般是非重讀音節(jié)。如：apple pl ， table teibl，middle midl,

25、 little litl，garden ga:dn，lesson lesn, physical fisikl ， realism ri:lizm 等等。 _ p b t d k g f v sz h w j t d tr dr tsdz m n l r Parts of speech 詞類 / 詞性名詞 noun (n.) 人和事物的名稱代詞 pronoun (pron.) 代替名詞的詞形容詞adjective (adj.) 修飾名詞的詞數(shù)詞numeral (num.) 表示多少和第幾的詞動詞 verb (v.) 表示動作和狀態(tài)副詞 adverb adv. 修飾動詞 ,形容詞和副詞的詞冠詞ar

26、ticle (art.) 說明名詞所指的人或物介詞 preposition（prep.）表示名詞與其它詞的關(guān)系連詞conjunction (conj.) 連接詞、短語和句子的詞 感嘆詞interjection (inter.) 表示感情的詞Sentence patterns Simple sentence 簡單句 I like apples. Jane and I often swim in summer. He comes and says hello to me every day.Compound sentence 并列句We help them and they help us.Com

27、plex sentence 復(fù)合句 He said that he would visit you.1. Declarative sentence 陳述句 My bag is pink.2. Interrogative sentence 疑問句 What colour is your bag?3. Imperative sentence 祈使句 Lets begin.4. Exclamatory sentence 感嘆句 What a fine day it is today!Types常用句型1. There be (is / are) + 名詞 +介詞短語 There is a tree

28、in front of the house. There are some flowers in the vase.2. 1) 主語(n.& pron.)謂語(vi.) + 狀語(adv./prep.短語) This machine works well. 2) 主語連系動詞(link v.)表語(a./ad./ prep.短語) My bag is pink. You are a doctor. 3) 主語謂語(vt.) 賓語(n.& pron.) I have an English book. 否定結(jié)構(gòu) be + not 助動詞 do, does, did, will等not+實義動詞一般疑問句把 be, have和助動詞 放在主語前 Are you listening to me? Have you any ball-pens? Do you enjoy sports?特殊疑問句用疑問代詞 /疑問副詞： who, whose, which, what, where what time/ when, why, how1. What refers to things. What is your favorite sport?2. Where refers to places.