清華附中高二英語M6U4M7U1要點

1、清華附中高二英語M6U4 M7U1要點一重點單詞1. refer 過去式：referred現(xiàn)在分詞：referringv. refer to sb./ sth. (1)涉及，提到The professor the president referred to is a famous scientist with admirable courage from the USA.總統(tǒng)提到的教授是位美國有名的科學家，其勇氣可嘉。(2)向求助refer to a dictionary/an expert 查閱字典/求助專家=consult the dictionary/an expert(3)refer

2、to sb as 將稱為Qintong is referred to as the home of Boating Festival.溱潼被稱為會船節(jié)之鄉(xiāng)。(4) referencen. 提及,涉及a reference book 參考書，工具書with/in reference to 關于I am making a speech with/in reference to the new plan put forward on 15 March.我做了一次關于在3月15日提出的新計劃的演講。2. ambassador the British ambassador to Greece英國駐希臘大

3、使3. operate v.(1)操作，運作operate sth Do you know how to operate the heating system? 你知道怎么操作這加熱系統(tǒng)嗎? operation n.be in operation運轉著，實施中come into operation生效When does the new law come into operation? 這項新法律何時開始生效?putinto operation使生效(2)動手術operate on sb. for sth.為某事給某人動手術The doctor is going to operate on a

4、patient for stomachache.這個大夫將給一個病人做胃疼手術。 perform an operation動手術 operator n.接線員 4.honour (1) V. 使感到榮耀;給榮譽，尊敬honour sb.for因為給予榮譽尊敬某人She will be honoured for her work in promoting friendship between the two countries.她將因在促進兩國之間的友誼方面所做的工作而受到表彰。 (2)honoured adj.受尊敬的Were deeply honoured that you should a

5、gree to join us in accumulating the information.你同意跟我們在一起積累信息，我們深感榮幸。feelbe honoured to do sth.做某事深感榮幸(3) honour n.榮譽，尊敬，敬意It is an honour to hear you speak highly of me.聽見您贊揚我，深感榮幸。 giveshow honour to尊重(敬重)have the honour to do sth.of doing sth.榮幸地干May I have the of your company at dinner?in honour

6、 of sb.sth.紀念;出于對敬意Washington, a state of the USA, was named in honour of one of the greatest American presidents.(4) honourable adj.可敬的;值得欽佩的一位值得尊敬的顧問an honourable consultant5.purpose n.目的。意圖(1)for/with the purpose of為了、帶的目的=with the intention of doing sthDid you come to London to see your family,

7、or for business purposes? 你來倫敦是來看望家人，還是公干? (2)achieveaccomplishfulfill a purpose達到目的 (3)answerserve ones purpose符合某人的需要 (4)on purpose(一by design)故意(地) (5)by accident(一by chance)偶然地 一Im sorry l stepped on your toe; it was an accident. 一It wasnt! You did it on purpose. 對不起，我踩了你的腳趾頭，我不是故意的。 不，你是存心踩的。.6

8、.cooperate v.合作 = 1 * GB2 cooperate with sb.inon sth.在某方面某事上與某人合作The British cooperated with the French in designing the satellite.英法兩國合作設計人造衛(wèi)星。(2)cooperation n.合作;協(xié)作This film was produced in cooperation with Australian.這部影片是同澳大利亞電視臺合作制作的。 (3)cooperative adj.合作的;協(xié)作的;同心協(xié)力的7.touch = 1 * GB2 v碰觸，接觸That

9、 paint is wet - dont touch it. (2)n . U 觸覺the sense of touch 觸覺I found the appropriate key in the dark by touch.在黑暗中我摸索到了那把正確的鑰匙。(3)n.接觸,聯(lián)系,碰觸=contactget/be in touch with keep in touch withlose touch with be out of touch8. conflict 沖突 be in conflict with 與相沖突，有矛盾9. worthy adj. 令人敬重的；值得的，相稱的；有價值的 a w

10、orthy man a worthy life be worthy of sth being done be worthy to be done be well worth doing It is worthwhile to do sth/doing sth 10. labor(1)n / 勞工；勞動；勞力 National Labor Day國際勞動節(jié) child labor 童工 (2) vi (labored, laboring) labor in the field 在田間勞作11. voluntary （1）adj. 自愿的，志愿的voluntary work 志愿者工作（2）vol

11、unteer n. 自愿（者） （3）v. 主動做某事volunteer to participate in the 29th Olympics主動參加29屆奧運會12. press(1)n 新聞界；記者，新聞工作者；報刊雜志a press conference 記者招待會(2)v壓擠with palms pressed together手掌合在一起13.awareness n.意識 (1)raiseincrease awareness of提高對的意識The campaign aims to raise awareness of the dangers of passive smoking.

12、這項運動的目的是要提高對被動吸煙的危害的認識。 (2)aware adj.知覺的，覺察的be aware of了解知道He claimed that the government was acutely aware of the problem.他聲稱政府很清楚這個問題。(3)be aware that-clauseI dont think she was well aware that he was married, was she?我認為她對他已婚一事十分清楚，是嗎？14.urgent 緊急的;急迫的;迫切的(1)An SOS is an urgent message.緊急呼救信號They

13、 were urgent for the doctor to come.be urgent for sb to do sth急切地要某人做(2)urgency n. 緊急；急迫 This matter is very urgent. =This is a matter of great urgency(3)urge v 催促；力勸urge sb to do sthurge sb into doing sth催促，力勸某人做某事The comedian urged us into immediate action.那位喜劇演員催促我們立刻行動。The master thus urge all y

14、oung foreigners to remember the famous saying.大師力勸年輕外國人們牢記那句名言。15.1ack 缺乏，不足，沒有(1)vt. lack sthHes good at his job but he seems to lack confidence. 他善于工作，但似乎缺乏信心。(2)vi lack inIm afraid hes somewhat lacking in intelligence. 恐怕他智力有點欠缺。(3) n. lack offor lack of sth.因缺少The psychologist show great sympath

15、y for the disabled animals that soon died for lack of water. 那位心理學家對那些因缺水而死亡的殘疾動物深表同情。16. setset out出發(fā);開始;打算;陳述 (1)set out for動身前往(2)set out to do sth.著手做某事Theyll set out in search of the lost child. 他們出發(fā)去尋找那個丟失了的孩子。We set out to paint the whole house but finished only the front part.我們?yōu)橛推嵴孔娱_始干起來，

16、但只完成了前面部分。 (3)set about doing sth.著手做某事 (4)set off(for)出發(fā)動身啟程(去);燃放，引起 (5)set down放下，寫下，記下 (6)set aside撥出，留出，擱置，不理會 (7)set sail for起航去(8)be set in以為背景 (9)set up成立，建立 (10) set sb. a good example 給某人樹立一個榜樣(11) set sth. on fire/set fire to sth. 縱火燒 (12) set foot in/on 踏上17.remote be remote from sp/sth

17、遠離；偏離in the remote village 偏遠小山村remote control panel 遙控器18.accessible adj.可接近的，可得到的(1)be accessible to易得到的，易找到的;易到達的The island is accessible only by boat. 這島只有乘小艇才能去。(2)access取得或接近的權利、機會、方法;通路。Students need easy access to books. 要使學生很方便就能借到圖書。The only means of access to the building is along a narro

18、w, muddy track.進入這座建筑物的唯一通道是一條泥濘的小路。 (3)havegain access to獲得的機會權利 19. remind y.提醒，使想起 (1)remind sb. ofabout sth.使某人想起某事Ive forgotten his namewill you remind me of it?我忘了他的名字，你提醒我一下好嗎? (2)remind sb.thatclause使某人想起(某事)，提醒某人(某事)She reminded me that I hadnt written to Mother. 她提醒我還沒給母親寫信。 (3)remind sb.t

19、o do sth.使某人想起干某事;提醒某人干某事Remind me to write to Mother. 請?zhí)嵝盐医o母親寫信。 (4)reminder提醒記憶之物;提示信件 詞語辨析：remind，recall與remember (1)remind sb.of sth.提醒，使想起 (2)recall sb.to sth.使人回憶起 (3)remember記得20. collection 捐款；收藏收集這些珍貴的郵票花費了專家十年時間。The collection of these precious stamps cost the specialist ten years.a collec

20、tion of的收集The museum has a fine collection of modern official-looking pictures.這家博物館有許多現(xiàn)代貌似官方的圖片。21. face(1)face the difficulty/dilemma面對困難The skilled assistant turned to face the newcomer and introduced herself.熟練的助手轉身面對新來的人作了自我介紹。(2)be faced with sth.面臨;面對The country is now faced with the prospect

21、 of the war. 這個國家目前正面臨戰(zhàn)爭。(3)face(to the)east朝向東邊The building faces northtowards the north. 這建筑物朝北。22. expense n花費代價(1)spare no expense in doing sth=spare no efforts 不惜一切代價做某事The nongovernmental organization spared no expense in helping us preserve atmosphere. 該非政府組織全力幫助我們保護大氣。(2)at the expense of st

22、h 犧牲以.為代價=at the cost of sthThe manager accomplished the goal at the expenses of his health. 經理以犧牲他的健康為代價完成了目標。23.break break down出故障，拋錨;垮了身體;分解;失敗;不成功(1)Unfortunately, the car broke down.不幸的是，汽車拋錨了。(2)Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.人體內的化學物質把食物分解成有用的成分。 (3)The peace

23、 talks broke down without any agreement being reached. 和談失敗了，沒有達成任何協(xié)議。 (4)The old cars were broken down for their metal and parts. 這些舊汽車被拆掉為的是利用其金屬和零件。 (1)break away(from)與脫離;與斷絕關系;打破(陳規(guī)陋習)(2)break up分解，解放;分裂;擊碎;使停止;結束Their marriage broke up after they had been married for ten years.他們的婚姻在結婚10年后破裂了。

24、The police used tear gas to break up the crowd. 警察用催淚瓦斯驅散群眾。 (3)break out(vi.)(戰(zhàn)爭、火災、瘟疫等)爆發(fā) (4)break into突然發(fā)出;闖入 (5)break in打斷，闖入;使馴服;引進，吸收 (6)break off中斷，折斷 (7)break the rule違反規(guī)定 (8)break through突圍，沖垮24. fetch v.取來;去拿來 (1)Run and fetch the doctor! 跑去把醫(yī)生請來!Could you fetch me a clean shirt from my be

25、droom?你能替我從寢室里拿一件干凈的襯衫來嗎? 詞語辨析：fetch，bring，take，carry與get (1)fetch意為”去拿來”，指到別處去取東西或找人然后帶回來。(一去一來兩個過程) Please fetch me a clean coat from my bedroom. 請到我的臥室給我拿一件干凈的外套。 (2)bring意為”帶來”，方向是朝著說話人所在之處的。 (只有來一個過程) Bring your exercise-books here tomorrow. 明天把你的練習本帶到這兒來。 (3)take意為”帶走”，即將東西從說話者處拿走。(只有去一個過程) Ta

26、ke this empty box away.把這個空盒子拿走吧。 (4)carry意為”隨身攜帶”，方向不定。He always carries an umbrella with him in case of rain. 他總是隨身帶把傘以防下雨。 (5)get主要用于口語中，與fetch基本相同。 We must get him home.我們必須把他帶回家。25. occupation n.職業(yè);占有;消遣;業(yè)余活動 (1)occupy 占有，充滿be occupied with sth/in doing 忙于干某事他忙于籌備婚禮招待會。 He is occupied in prepar

27、ing for the wedding reception. (2)occupy ones mind縈繞在某人腦海中26.means C方法n. 手段，方法(可數(shù)名詞單復數(shù)同形)那位經濟學家和那位環(huán)境學者無法交流盡管他們都作出了巨大努力。The economist and the environmentalist had no means of communication, regardless of valuable efforts they had mad. (1)means作”方法”講時單復數(shù)同形。單復數(shù)同形的詞還有：species種類;series系列等means常用短語:by thi

28、s means=in this way=with this method通過這種方法by all means當然可以“May I borrow this book?”“By all means.”by no means (ALSO not by any means)not at all: 決不The guilty technician admitted in public that it was by no means certain that well finish the project by June. 內疚的技術員公開承認到到六月份完成該項目是絕對不可能的。27. commitment

29、 n. 承諾，保證(1)V. commit (過去式：committed)犯(錯誤), 干(壞事), 把.交托給, 提交, 答應負責commit sb/sth to 交托;交付commit an escaped criminal to prison將一逃犯送進監(jiān)獄commit oneself to do sth 承諾答應負責 He has committed himself to support his brothers children.他答應供養(yǎng)兄弟的孩子。commit suicide 自殺28. flee v.逃跑;逃避 (fled,fled)flee from . tointo 從逃跑

30、到(1)The audience fled in panic when the bull got loose. 那只公牛掙開了束縛，嚇得觀眾急忙四散逃走。Thousands of refugees had fled across the border to America.成千上萬的難民越過邊境逃到美國。29. diedie from死于(1)die out(物種)滅絕;(風俗習慣)消失The practice of children working in factories has nearly died out.工廠中使用童工的做法已幾乎絕跡。(2)die off(家族等)相繼死去直至死光

31、As she got older and older, her relatives all died off.隨著她越來越老，她的親屬都相繼去世了。 (3)die downaway變弱;平息;消失;熄滅 (4)die backdown(草木)枯萎;凋謝 (5)diedeath以方式死亡 (6)die young年輕時死去 指點迷津：(1)die from diseasea woundoverworkan unknown cause死于疾病外傷過度勞累不明原因(多指外部未知原因)(2)die of死于內因(情感、饑餓、疾病、寒冷、年老等)，后常加這樣的詞：die of(cold/sorrow/d

32、isappointed love/fever/heat)30. vacant (1)adj 空著的無人的(崗位,職位)空缺的;空位的Fill a vacant position填補空職。There are adequate vacant lots to develop our agriculture.有足夠的空地來發(fā)展農業(yè)。(2)vacancy n. 空位; 空缺We have vacancies for typists.我們的打字員職位空缺。Im sorry. We have no vacancies.對不起，客滿了。31. temporaryadj 臨時的，暫時的temporarily =

33、for the time being32. minor adj 不嚴重的;次要的a broken leg and minor injuries 輕傷 minority 反義詞：majority33. healTime heals all sorrows. 時間能治愈一切悲傷。Time is a great healer. 時間是治愈創(chuàng)傷的良藥。 詞語辨析：heal sb of disease =cure sb of disease34. meanwhile =at the same time=in the meantime 同時35shelter (1)n Take shelter from

34、the rain 躲雨Get under shelter 獲得掩護(2)Vtvi 庇護保護掩護 .from Trees that shelter house from cold winds.樹木保護房子免受寒風的襲擊。Shelter escaped prisoner庇護逃犯36. staff 全體員工office staff 辦公人員the nursing/teaching staff 護理人員/教員37.conscience良心；良知After she committed the crime, her conscience was troubled.她犯罪后，良心感到不安。二重點短語1.ta

35、ke on 呈現(xiàn)，雇傭，承擔2.apart from 除了，除了還有，遠離3.set out 出發(fā);開始;打算;陳述4.on behalf of sb.=on ones behalf 以某人的名義; 為了某人; 代表某人5. if only 但愿，要是就好了，只要6. break down 出故障，拋錨;垮了身體;分解;失敗;不成功7. in chaos =in a mess處于混亂之中8. die from 死于9. from place to place=from one place to another 從一地到另一地10make a difference 產生變化，發(fā)生改變;起作用，有

36、影響11think back to 回想，追憶12. a sum of money 一筆錢13.make a commitment 作出承諾14.go wrong 出錯15.be involved in. 涉及，卷入16.be aware of sth 意識到17.under the umbrella of 在的保護/管理下18.be available to sb. 可得到19.look sth. up in a dictionary 在字典里查20.force sb. to do sth. 強迫某人做某事21.be based on 以為基礎22.refer to sb. / sth. 談

37、及某人、某事23.be/feel honoured to do sth. 榮幸做某事24.take on this role 承擔這個角色25.break down 出故障；拋錨26.for lack of water 由于缺水27.remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事28.suffer from malnutrition 遭受營養(yǎng)不良29.basic equipment 基本設備30.worthy organizations 令人尊敬的組織31.in addition 此外32.assist sb. with in doing sth. 協(xié)助某人做某事33.add sth.

38、to sth. 把加到上三重要句型1I feel very honoured to have been able to take on this role. 能夠擔當這個角色，我感到很榮幸。2. I am pleased to have the chance to talk to you about the United Nations or the UN, as it is more often referred to. 我很高興今天有機會同大家談談聯(lián)合國的情況。3. Well, time flies！It is as if we had only talked for a minute！

39、唉，時間過得真快！我們好象才聊了一小會兒呢。4. Arrived here to find everything was in chaos. 來到這兒，發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都亂糟糟的。5. It reminded me of my time in Sudan. 這使我想起在蘇丹的日子。6. I know I cant change the world completely, but Im proud that I can help here and there, and make a difference to peoples lives on an individual level. 我知道我不能徹底改

40、變世界，但我很自豪，因為我能到處給人多多少少提供幫助，在個人的層面上改變人們的生活。 M7 Unit 1 Living with technology一重點單詞1Broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) n.&v. The station begins broadcasting at 6 a.m. 電臺早晨 6:00開始播音The Prime Minister will broadcast this evening.首相今晚將發(fā)表廣播講話。watched the morning news broadcast.看早晨的新聞節(jié)目He will appear on tomor

41、rows broadcast.他明天將在廣播中出現(xiàn)。live television broadcast實況電視廣播, 現(xiàn)場電視廣播satellite broadcast衛(wèi)星廣播2. contribute v.1) Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health. 有助于，促進2) Careless driving was said to have contributed to the accident. 造成，是的原因3) He contributed a large sum of money to the charity. 捐贈，捐助4) He

42、contributed three great inventions to the world. 貢獻出5) He has contributed five articles to the magazine. 投稿3wind vt. (wound, wound) 蜿蜒前進, 纏繞, 上發(fā)條, 旋緊護士把繃帶纏在我的手指上以便止血.The nurse wound a bandage around my finger so that bleeding could be stopped.記住每天晚上在上床之前給鐘上發(fā)條.Remember to wind the clock (up) every ni

43、ght before you go to bed.小男孩用手環(huán)著媽媽的腰，不讓她走。The little boy wound his arms around his mothers waist and prevented her from leaving.The path winds (its way) through the woods/ across the desert.這條路蜿蜒穿過樹林。轉動；搖轉 to wind the handle 轉動把手4.apply申請,應用 1) The new technology was soon applied in practice. 新的技術很快

44、在實踐中得以應用. 2) apply to the consul(領事) for a visa 向領事申請簽證 3) Every student in our class applies themselves to studying before the exam.專心于;使（自己或自己的努力）致力于某物 4) a rule that applies to everyone. 適用于每個人的規(guī)則 5) apply to do sth提出申請，請求apply the technology (in order) to create the transistor radio5. demand (n.

45、 vt.)1) 需要This work demands your patience.這項工作需要你的耐心。This work demands finishing / to be finished at once. deed/want/require/demand這工作需要立即完成.2).要求We demand better working conditions.我們要求更好的工作條件.She demanded to speak to the manager.她要求和經理談談.I demand that John (should) go there at once.我要約翰馬上去那兒。6.spr

46、ing（sprang, sprung) vi. spring up 突然出現(xiàn)，涌現(xiàn)，迅猛發(fā)展Many new businesses have sprung up with the development of the Internet.隨著英特網的發(fā)展,許多新的行業(yè)涌現(xiàn)出來.Shops selling souvenirs to the travelers soon sprang up along the riverside.沿河出現(xiàn)了賣紀念品給游客的商店.The problem sprang up very suddenly.問題突然出現(xiàn)了.7. assume vt. 1). 假定，設想 Le

47、ts assume/suppose this to be true.2). 裝出，裝作 The look of innocence she assumed had all fooled.3). 開始從事，承擔，呈現(xiàn) Hell assume/take on a leading position next month.4) 以為,想當然 I assumed that prices would rise. 我認為價格要上漲.8. uncertainI am uncertain what job I am going to take in the future.我不要確定將來要選擇什么樣的工作.I w

48、as uncertain about how to answer your question.我不確定該如何回答你的問題.Dont take his words seriously. He is a person of uncertain temper.別拿他的話當真,他是個脾氣難以捉摸的人.9. superior adj.較高的, 上級的be superior to勝過, 比.好; 不為.所動屈服be superior in numbers數(shù)量上占優(yōu)勢be superior to temptation不受引誘be superior to hardships不屈服于艱難困苦This machi

49、ne is superior in many respects to that.這臺機器在很多方面比那臺好。This western restaurant is superior to the one we went to last week.這家西餐館比我們上星期去的那一家好。Be senior to較 . 年長/高級10. access接近,進入,出去或使用的權力 通往那座古城堡的唯一通道就是那座橋了.The only access to the old castle is that bridge.have access to 得接近; 得會見; 得進入; 得使用Students have good access to good resources.學生可以很好地使用好的資源.2) He only has assess to his children at weekends.他只有在周末才有權利去看望他的孩子