Unit-2-Reading(閱讀和課文講解)-課件(牛津譯林版選修7)

1、Reading預(yù)習(xí)多維感知Step One：Fast ReadingRead the text and then choose the best answers. ( )1Who found penicillin?ADr.Thun.BAlexander Fleming.CHoward Florey. DErnst Chain.B2Because of _，mass production of penicillin started quickly.Athe development of scienceBthe development of medicineCthe Nobel Prize in

2、Physiology or MedicineDDWorld War 3According to the passage，penicillin can be used to treat the followings EXCEPT _.Aminor wounds BPneumonia（肺炎 ）Cdiabetes Dbacterial illnessesC4Why was penicillin called the greatest drug of the 20th century?( )ABecause it was found by Alexander Fleming.BBecause it o

3、nce made three people get the Nobel Prize.CBecause it was found in the 20th century.DBecause it saved millions of lives.D5According to the passage，aspirin (ASA) can _.B(1)reduce fever(2)reduce pain(3)reduce the risk of heart attacks(4)increase the length of peoples lives(5)prevent a stroke(6)reduce

4、the risk of colon cancer(7)treat pneumoniaA(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)B(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)C(1)(2)(4)(5)(7)D(1)(2)(3)(4)(7)Step Two：ListeningListen to the tape and answer the following questions.1When did people find that drinking a special kind of tea could reduce body pains and fever?_Nearly 3,500 years a

5、go.2When was penicillin first discovered?_3What award did Fleming，F(xiàn)lorey and Chain share?_In 1928.The Nobel Prize in Medicine.Step Three：Careful ReadingRead the text and fill in the blanks.Names of1_AspirinPenicillinWho invented or discovered itDr.Felix HoffmannAlexander FlemingMedicinesWho put it i

6、nto 2._ or produced it The company Hoffmann worked forHoward Florey and Ernst ChainWhat is 3._ in the medicineSalicylic acid and some other 4._Blue mould use/practicecontainedchemicalsEffectsReducing fever and stopping _5_Reducing the risk of _6_attacks_7_ a stroke Treating illnesses caused by _10_p

7、ainheartPreventing/StoppingbacteriaEffectsReducing the risk of some cancerIncreasing the _8_ of peoples livesReducing blood sugar _9_Treating illnesses caused by _10_lengthlevelsbacteria1.重點(diǎn)講述兩種引發(fā)醫(yī)學(xué)革命的藥物focus on two drugs that started revolutions in medicine經(jīng)證明對人類有益咀嚼一種含有特殊化學(xué)物質(zhì)的葉子為了達(dá)到同樣的功效1899年進(jìn)行的首批

8、實(shí)驗(yàn)以粉末/藥片的形式暢銷的止疼藥有的潛力Prove beneficial to mankindchew on leaves possessing a special chemicalfor the same effectthe first trials taking place in 1899the best-selling medicine for pain reliefhave the potential to doin powder form/ in the form of powder有助血液循環(huán)退燒/減輕疼痛/降血糖減少心臟病/癌癥風(fēng)險延長人們的壽命在當(dāng)代社會有在某方面的應(yīng)用Hel

9、p the blood circulate betterreduce fever/ pain/ blood sugar levels/ the risk of heart attacks/some cancers(by 40%)increase the length ofpeoples liveIn contemporary societyHave an application in sth.將這種酶試驗(yàn)于另一種細(xì)菌上凈化批量生產(chǎn)加快政府批準(zhǔn)程序共得諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎由于盤尼西林的廣泛使用try out on another bacteriamake pureproduce in large qua

10、ntities/ mass productionaccelerate the government approval processshare the (Medicine) Nobel Prize in/ for Medicinedue to the widespread of penicillin1. If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world, its likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin.open upHe lai

11、d the book flat and opened it up.A new restaurant was opened up in town.I open up the store for the day at 8:30.The railway opened up the east of the country.The sales manager wants to open up new markets in the Far East. I find it hard to open up when trying to discuss my own problems.翻開營業(yè)開張開放開拓敞開心

12、扉，暢所欲言the reform and opening-up policyIt is probable that he will come.他很可能會來.probable adj. 很可能的，與likely意思相近，有時可以互換；possible的語氣稍弱。它們各自的句型如下：Its probable/possible for sb. to do sth.Its probable/possible thatIts likely thatsb./sth. is likely to do sth. Its likely thatTry on the shoes/ clothes before y

13、ou buy them. 買鞋/衣服要先穿上試試再買。The method seems good but it needs to be tried out. Experts are trying out this medicine on mice. 試驗(yàn)They are trying out a new presenter for the show. 試用Shirley will try out for the lead in the play. 參加的選拔牛刀小試單項填空(1)_ the new medicine for a year and well see how well it wor

14、ks.ATry out BMake outCGive out DPick out解析：選A。句意：試用一年這種新藥，我們就會知道它的效用有多大。從題干里的“我們以后就會知道它的效用有多大”可以推斷出，我們是在對藥進(jìn)行試用。完成句子(2)杰米迫不及待地想試一下他那輛新自行車。Jamie could hardly wait _ his new bike.to try out(3)安娜是爭取國際文憑的12名學(xué)生之一。Anna is one of 12 students _ the international diploma.trying for(4)去試穿一下這件毛衣，看是否合身。Go _ this

15、 sweater and see if it fits.try on5. trial n. C or U a test, usually over a limited period of time, to discover how effective orsuitable sth. or someone is:Theyve employed her for a six-month trial (period).他們雇傭她已經(jīng)有6個月的試用期了.這個新方法正在試用his new method is on trial.6. inform=in the form ofThe lawn was lai

16、d out in the form of the figure eight.這塊草坪是以八這個數(shù)字的形式設(shè)計的.in any shape or form:of any typeIm opposed to war in any shape or form.我反對任何形式的戰(zhàn)爭.7. contain: v. T not continuous to have something inside or include something as a part:How much liquid do you think this bottle contains?你認(rèn)為這個瓶子里裝有多少水?Try to avo

17、id foods which contain a lot of fat.盡量不要吃含有很多脂肪的食物.注意比較: include：v. T to contain something as a part of something else, or to make something part of something else:The bill includes tax and service.帳單包括稅收和服務(wù).There are 30 students in our class, including me/ me included.我們班上有30個學(xué)生,包括我.4. that ASA cou

18、ld reduce the risk of colon cancer by 40 per cent. Lines25-26Eating a lot of green food helps _ .If you tell me the truth, you will _.By criticizing the boss he risked _ his job. (lose)reduce the risk of heart diseasereduce the risk of being scoldedlosing減少心臟病的危險減少挨罵的風(fēng)險You have to take/run a lot of

19、risks if you want to succeed in business.Anyone swimming in this lake does so at his own risk. The disease is spreading and all young children are at risk.冒險有某人自擔(dān)風(fēng)險處境危險Guess the meaning of each phrase.5. He noted that Lines35 note: notice/write down1) Please note that this shop will be closed on Sun

20、days.2) He keeps a diary to note what happens to him.1) We should also read the notes on the text at the back of the book.2) He took another look and found it was a 10-pound note.3) We always take notes in class.4) At first I was going to write Kathy a note, but then I decided to call her instead.5)

21、 Lily has a nice voice but she had trouble hitting the high notes. Guess the meaning of “note (n.)” .注釋紙幣筆記便條音符8. in large quantities. Lines47-481) Buy vegetables _, and youll be given a very good discount.2) When young at college, dad bought books _, for life was too hard.in large quantitiesin smal

22、l quantities大量少量Large quantities of goods _ been stored for the winter.large/small quantities of + n. + pred. pl.a quantity of + /u/ + pred. singhaveLarge quantities of food _ been stored for the winter.haveA large quantity of beer _ been sold.has10. Due to the widespread use of penicillin, many liv

23、es were saved during World War II. Lines 50-51The flight will arrive late due to the heave fog.When is the next train due? /約定/預(yù)期 Please let me know when the rent is due in advance.（到期 ）The strike is due to begin on Tuesday.預(yù)定7 Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pa

24、in，but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.阿司匹林不僅被證明對于退燒和止痛必不可少，而且還有其他用途。句型巧析品味經(jīng)典Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.不但學(xué)生反對這個計劃，老師也反對。They speak English not only in class but also in the dormitory.他們不僅在班上說英語，在宿舍里也說。Not only does the sun give us light，bu

25、t also it gives us heat.太陽給我們提供光與熱。自我探究本句中not only.but(also)連接兩個并列分句。因not only放在句首，故其所在的分句使用了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。歸納拓展(1)語法功能：連接平行結(jié)構(gòu)。,(2)主謂一致：not only.but(also).連接的兩個并列成分作主語時，謂語動詞的人稱與數(shù)遵循就近原則。(3)倒裝：not only.but(also).連接兩個并列分句，且not only位于句首時，not only后的分句須部分倒裝，but(also)后的分句不倒裝。牛刀小試單項填空(1)The computer was used in teach

26、ing.As a result，not only _，but students became more interested in the lessons.Asaved was teachers energyBwas teachers energy savedCteachers energy was savedDwas saved teachers energy解析：選B。not only.but(also).連接兩個并列分句，且not only位于句首時，not only后的分句部分倒裝。(2)Not only his parents but also his brother _ to th

27、e Summer Palace.They havent been back.Ahave been Bhave goneChas been Dhas gone解析：選D。句意：他的父母和哥哥都去頤和園了。他們還沒有回來。not only.but also.連接的兩個并列成分作主語時，謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)遵循就近原則，故此處謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式；再結(jié)合語境“他們還沒有回來”可知，D項切題。8。If penicillin had not been available，many people would have died from sickness or even small wounds.如果沒有青

28、霉素，很多人會死于疾病，甚至是很小的傷口。品味經(jīng)典If I had followed your advice，I would have got there earlier.如果我聽從你的建議的話，我早就到那兒了。If it hadnt been for the big tree，the car would have fallen off the bridge.如果不是這棵大樹，這輛汽車早從橋上翻下去了。If I were you，I should seize the chance to go abroad.如果我是你的話，我會抓住這個機(jī)會出國。If you came tomorrow，we w

29、ould have the meeting.如果你明天來的話，我們將開會。自我探究本句為虛擬語氣句，對過去的事實(shí)作出假設(shè)。在這種情況下，條件狀語從句通常用過去完成時，主句謂語形式為“would/should/could/mighthave done?！睔w納拓展虛擬條件句主從句的謂語形式：從句謂語主句謂語虛擬現(xiàn)在(bewere)should/would/could/mightdo虛擬過去haddoneshould/would/could/mighthave done虛擬將來should動詞原形/were to doshould/would/could/mightdo【注意】if 引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句

30、中，若有were，should 以及had，則可以省去if，出現(xiàn)省略倒裝形式。牛刀小試單項填空(1)(2011年高考北京卷)Maybe if I _ science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.Astudied Bwould studyChad studied Dwas studying解析：選C?？疾殄e綜時間的虛擬語氣。主句用的是would be able to.表示對現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)，但由if從句中的then可知，從句表示對過去情況的虛擬。故選had studied。(2)(2010年高考陜西卷)

31、If we _ the other road，we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.Atake Bhad takenCtook Dhave taken解析：選B。句意：如果當(dāng)初我們走另一條路，我們或許就能及時到這兒開會了。由主句謂語形式可知，該句表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，故從句謂語形式為had done。(3)(2010年高考浙江卷)Had I known about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy _.Awould have been saved Bh

32、ad been savedCwill be saved Dwas saved解析：選A。本題考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)句子的倒裝特征判斷此處是省略了if的虛擬語氣，原形是：If I had known about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy _.故選A。句意：如果我早知道這個電腦程序，就可以節(jié)省大量的時間和精力了。兩種挽救生命的藥物這篇文章將著重講述兩種引發(fā)了醫(yī)學(xué)革命的藥物。倘若你打開世界上的任何一個藥柜，或者走到任何一個賣藥的柜臺，都可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。自這兩種藥被發(fā)明以來，它們已挽救了數(shù)百萬人的性命，并已證實(shí)對人類有益。阿司匹林阿司匹林發(fā)明于1