非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的講解(共5頁(yè))

1、PAGE PAGE - 6 -非限制性 HYPERLINK /yingyu/yufa/12937.html t _blank 定語(yǔ)(dngy)從句非限定性定語(yǔ)從句：非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的作用是對(duì)所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，通常和主句間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)( ki)，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)(dngy)從句來(lái)說(shuō)明前面整個(gè) HYPERLINK /yingyu/yufa/12923.html t _blank 句子的情況或主句的某一部分 ，that不能用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句那座房子在地震中依然聳立，它是一百多年前建造的。Her house, which was built a

2、 hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake.3. 有時(shí)as也可用作關(guān)系 HYPERLINK /yingyu/yufa/12869.html t _blank 代詞4. 在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物.5.當(dāng)先行詞是專有 HYPERLINK /yingyu/yufa/12862.html t _blank 名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句通常是非限制性的。查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的 HYPERLINK /zuowen/laoshimingyan.html t _blank 老師

3、。Charles Sm HYPERLINK /yingyu/yufa/12942.html t _blank ith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個(gè)漂亮的花園。My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.這本小說(shuō)很動(dòng)人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 6.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞, 對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾, 這時(shí)從句謂語(yǔ)

4、動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)，他似乎沒(méi)抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝?，這就叫做蒸發(fā)。Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只是對(duì)主句內(nèi)容，或先行詞的補(bǔ)充、解釋或附加說(shuō)明。主句與先行詞或從句之間一般用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，常常單獨(dú)翻譯。沒(méi)有它，主句意思仍然完整。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有as，which，who， whom，whose等，作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)及定

5、語(yǔ)。關(guān)系 HYPERLINK /yingyu/yufa/12871.html t _blank 副詞有when，where等，作定語(yǔ)從句的狀語(yǔ)。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中一般不能省。一、as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可以代主句的全部或部分內(nèi)容。常表說(shuō)話人關(guān)于說(shuō)話的依據(jù)(yj)、態(tài)度、評(píng)論、看法等。有“正如、像”等意思(y s)。定語(yǔ)(dngy)從句可以置主句句首、句中或句末。as后常接expect，know，report，say，see等動(dòng)詞的主、 HYPERLINK /yingyu/yufa/12895.html t _blank 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句。1正如大家所知道的那樣，月球每月環(huán)繞地球運(yùn)行一

6、圈。As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month2像我們所期望的那樣，邁克參加了會(huì)議。Mike，as we expected，attended the meeting3他并未失去知覺(jué)，這從他的眼神可以判斷出來(lái)。He wasnt unconsicious，as could be judged from his eyes二、which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的情況很多。I指代主句的全部或部分內(nèi)容時(shí)，常表事實(shí)、狀態(tài)、起因等，有“這就使得、這一點(diǎn)”等意思，常置主句末。主句與定語(yǔ)從句用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。 1Dor

7、athy was always speaking highly of her role in the play，of course， made the HYPERLINK /yingyu/yufa/18724.html t _blank others unhappyAwho Bwhich Cthis DwhatII指代先行詞有多種情況。定語(yǔ)從句置先行詞后面。1在“npronnumprep which”，“prepwhich”定語(yǔ)從句里。 1）他們談?wù)撨^(guò)一部電影，我決不會(huì)忘記片名。They talked about a movie，the name of which Ive never forg

8、otten2）在悉尼奧運(yùn)會(huì)，中國(guó)隊(duì)奪得了28枚金牌，其中16枚是女子奪得的。In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals，16 of which were won by women3）中國(guó)有數(shù)千個(gè)島嶼，其中最大的是臺(tái)灣島。China has thousands of islands，the largest of which is Taiwan4）卓別林1910年去了美國(guó)，那時(shí)他已學(xué)會(huì)跳舞和演喜劇了。Chaplin went to the states in 1910，by which time he had learnt to dance and

9、act in comedies2表唯一性，或者就是指代先行詞的事物時(shí)。大壩長(zhǎng)3，830米，是世界上最大的壩。The dam，which is the biggest in the world，is 3，830 metres long3先行詞是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物時(shí)。月球本身(bnshn)不發(fā)光，它只是地球的一個(gè)衛(wèi)星。The moon，which doesnt give out light itself，is only a satellite of the earth4先行(xinxng)詞表示類屬的事物時(shí)。足球是一項(xiàng)非常(fichng)有趣的運(yùn)動(dòng)，全世界都踢足球。Football，which is

10、a very interesting game，is played all over the world5先行詞是專有名詞時(shí)。1）世界上最大的三項(xiàng)人造工程是中國(guó)的長(zhǎng)城，埃及的金字塔和阿斯旺高壩，它也在埃及。Three of the biggest man-made projects in the world are the Great Wall of China，the Pyramids of Egypt and the Aswan High Dam， which is also in Egypt2）尼羅河年年漲洪水，現(xiàn)在比較正常地在大壩下面流過(guò)了。The Nile，which HYPERLI

11、NK /yingyu/yufa/12909.html t _blank used toflood every year，now runs more regularly below the dam6先行詞是表人的職業(yè)、品質(zhì)、身份等名詞，作定語(yǔ)從句的表語(yǔ)時(shí)。主句和定語(yǔ)從句之間含有對(duì)比的意思。邁克的哥哥是警察，他可不是。Mikes brother is a policeman，which he isnt7先行詞是 HYPERLINK /yingyu/yufa/12871.html t _blank 形容詞作定語(yǔ)從句的表語(yǔ)時(shí)。主句和定語(yǔ)從句含有對(duì)比的意思。李玲很聰明，李瓏可不是。Li Ling is

12、very clever，which Li Long isnt8先行詞是集體名詞表整體意思時(shí)。我家有35口人，是一個(gè)大家庭。My family，which has 35 HYPERLINK /yingyu/yufa/18755.html t _blank people，is a large HYPERLINK /yingyu/yufa/18730.html t _blank one9先行詞是國(guó)家名詞表地域概念時(shí)。他去年去了埃及，埃及在非洲。Last year he went to Egypt，which is in Africa三、as，which是指代主句內(nèi)容的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表依據(jù)、評(píng)論

13、與表事實(shí)、狀態(tài)等沒(méi)有多大差別，又在主句末時(shí)，有時(shí)可以通用。1他非常高興，從他的表情可以看出來(lái)。He is quite pleased，as which can be seen from his face2大家都知道，你一向勤奮學(xué)習(xí)。You always work hard，as which everyone knows但是，上面兩句把定語(yǔ)從句置主句句首時(shí)，就只能用as。3This elephant is like a snake，as anybody can see像任何人都能看見(jiàn)那樣，這頭象像條蛇。4竹子是空的，這就使得它很輕。Bamboo is hollow，which makes it

14、very light 在否定意義的非限制性定語(yǔ)(dngy)從句里，一般用which引導(dǎo)。5我完全沒(méi)有(mi yu)想到，他來(lái)參加我的生日聚會(huì)了。He came to my birthday party，which I didnt expect at all四、who，whom，whose等引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，指代人的普通名詞、專有名詞等。表示正是或?qū)Ｖ赶刃?xinxng)詞等情況。在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。1鮑勃的父親從事這項(xiàng)工程，在埃及度過(guò)了四年。Bobs father，who worked on the project，spent four years in Egypt2爸，這

15、是鄭杰，我在巴黎認(rèn)識(shí)的。Dad，this is Zheng Jie，who I knew in Paris 這一句是用主格who代替賓格 whom。3他非常愛(ài)戴他的母親，她死于 1818年。His mother，whom he loved dearly， died in 18184金先生的腿受了重傷，他很快就被送去住院了。Mr King，whose legs were badly hurt， was quickly taken to hospitalnpronnumprepwhom；prep whom；in whose n；the nof whom等引導(dǎo)非限制性的定語(yǔ)從句。5他提到過(guò)一個(gè)筆友，

16、他的名字我從未忘記。He spoke of a pen-pal，the name of whom whose name Ive never forgotten6大約兩千人從事過(guò)這項(xiàng)工程，其中很多是歐洲人。About 2，000people，many of whom were Europeans，worked on the project7他辦公室有9個(gè)職員，其中最年輕的是劉先生。In his office there are nine clerks，the youngest of whom is Mr Liu8我決定寫有關(guān)卓別林的代章，他的一部電影我?guī)啄昵熬涂催^(guò)了。I decided to w

17、rite about Chaplin，one of whose films I had seen several years before9我們?nèi)ヂ?tīng)這個(gè)著名的歌唱家演唱。我們已經(jīng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)了有關(guān)他的很多故事。We went to hear this famous singer， about whom we had heard many stories 10金女士在帕蒂思辦公室工作。他發(fā)現(xiàn)她的秘密時(shí)感到非常驚奇。Mr Pattis，in whose office Ms King was working，was very surprised when he found out her secret五、w

18、hen，where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，作定語(yǔ)從句的狀語(yǔ)。when and then， where and there。why不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。1金先生很快被送去住院(zh yun)，在那里一個(gè)醫(yī)生要檢查他的腿。He was quickly taken to hospital，where a doctor wanted to examine Mr Kings legs2我們把郊游推遲到下個(gè)星期，那時(shí)我們不會(huì)(b hu)那么忙了。We HYPERLINK /yingyu/yufa/12915.html t _blank willput off the outing until next

19、week，when we wont be so busy3他在1912年去了美國(guó)(mi u)，當(dāng)時(shí)他在那里引起了一個(gè)重要電影導(dǎo)演的注意。He went to America in 1912，where and when he was noticed by an important film director在prepwhere when非限制性定語(yǔ)從句里，where there，when then。4他的頭很快從第二層樓的一個(gè)窗戶伸出來(lái)了，從那里他只能看見(jiàn)樹(shù)木。His head soon appeared out of the second storey windows，from which he could see nothing but trees5那是在1929年，從那時(shí)起情況就已經(jīng)好轉(zhuǎn)了。That was in 1929，since which things have been better6我10點(diǎn)去睡覺(jué)，在那時(shí)以前我看了1小時(shí)的書。I went to bed