高中英語-語法復(fù)習(xí)課件1-定語從句復(fù)習(xí)課件-新人教版選修8

1、語法專項提升定語從句第一頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。關(guān)系代詞that與which的用法區(qū)別(1)關(guān)系代詞指代物，而引導(dǎo)詞只用which不用that的情況：關(guān)系代詞指物，作介詞賓語的時候：This is the question about which they have had so much discussion in the past few weeks.這是他們在過去幾周討論了屢次的問題。第二頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。關(guān)系代詞指前面的整個句子，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時：He failed in the exam，which made his father angry.他考試不及格

2、，這使他父親很生氣。第三頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。(2)that和which都指物時，在以下四種情況下只能用that而不能用which：領(lǐng)先行詞是all，everything，something，nothing，anything，much，little，few等不定代詞時。There was little that I could do for you.我不能為你做什么。That is all that I want to say.那就是我想要說的。領(lǐng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級修飾時。The first place that they visited in Guilin was Ele

3、phant Trunk Hill.在桂林他們所參觀的第一個地方是象鼻山。This is the best film that I have ever seen.這部電影是我看過的最好的一部。第四頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。領(lǐng)先行詞被the very，the only，the just等修飾時。This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.這正是我要買的詞典。Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows.史密斯先生是他唯一認(rèn)識的外國人。當(dāng)人和物同時作先行詞時。Do you know the thing

4、s and persons that they are talking about?你知道他們正在談?wù)摰娜撕褪聠?？第五頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。當(dāng)主句的主語是疑問詞who或which時。Which is the bike that you lost？哪一輛是你喪失的自行車？Who is the boy that won the gold medal？獲金牌的小男孩是誰？第六頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。介詞關(guān)系代詞(1)介詞關(guān)系代詞中介詞的賓語只能是which或whom。The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to b

5、e a thief.你昨天告訴我的那位紳士證實是小偷。In the dark street，there wasnt single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上沒有一個人能為她提供幫助。第七頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。(2)當(dāng)復(fù)合介詞短語which引導(dǎo)定語從句時，這種定語從句常與先行詞用逗號隔開，從句用倒裝語序。He lived in a big house，in front of which stood a big tall tree.他住在一所大房子里，房前有一棵大樹。(3)介詞which/who不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。The poor

6、 man has no house in which to live.那個可憐的人沒有房子住。第八頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。(4)ofwhich/whom表示所屬關(guān)系。(表所屬關(guān)系也可用whose)Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which (whose price) was very reasonable.最近我買了個古代的花瓶，它的價錢很合理。第九頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞as既可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，as在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句常用

7、于以下句式：第十頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。 其中關(guān)系代詞as在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語、賓語或表語。We have found such materials as are used in their factory.我們已經(jīng)找到了像他們工廠里用的那種材料。(as作主語)These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.(as作賓語)這些房子以人們期望的低價出售。He is not the same man as he was.他和過去不同了。(as作表語)第十一頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。注意：(1)such.as.(定語

8、從句)像 那樣such.that.(狀語從句)如此以至于This is such an easy question as I can answer.(定語從句)這是一個我能答復(fù)的簡單問題。This is such an easy question that I can answer it.(狀語從句)這是個簡單的問題，我能答復(fù)。第十二頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。(2)the same.as.表示相似的東西the same.that.表示同一人或物This is the same knife as I lost.這把小刀和我丟的那把一樣。This is the same knife that

9、 I lost.這把小刀就是我丟的那一把。第十三頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。關(guān)系代詞as，which的區(qū)別(1)as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有時還可插入主句中，而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能置于主句之后。相同的是兩者都可替代主句的整個內(nèi)容，而不是主句中的某一個詞。The weather turned out to be very good，which was more than we could expect.第十四頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。(2)當(dāng)非限制性定語從句放在主句前面時，只能用as。As is known to everybody，the

10、 moon travels round the earth once every month.The moon travels round the earth once every month，as/which is known to everybody.It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.后兩句屬名詞性

11、從句范疇。第十五頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。(3)as意為“正如，后面的謂語動詞多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report，announce等；which意為“這一點。As is known to all，Edison invented the telephone.Edison invented the telephone，as is known to all.第十六頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。使用定語從句應(yīng)注意的幾個問題(1)領(lǐng)先行詞是way，意為“方式，方法，在從句中作狀語，那么引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有以下三種：我不喜歡他說話的方式。第十七頁，編輯于星期

12、五：十二點 八分。(2)注意區(qū)別先行詞和引導(dǎo)詞。Is this名詞the one that從句第十八頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。Is this the名詞that從句第十九頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。(3)領(lǐng)先行詞是表示時間的名詞時，應(yīng)注意引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中的成分。Do you still remember the days that/which we spent in Qingdao？你還記得我們一起在青島度過的日子嗎？Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao?你還記得我們在

13、青島過暑假的日子嗎？第二十頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。(4)領(lǐng)先行詞為case，point，position，situation等詞且關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語時，常用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他們已經(jīng)到了必須彼此分手的地步。第二十一頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。定語從句中的謂語動詞與先行詞保持一致當(dāng)引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時，那么定語從句中的謂語動詞的數(shù)的形式應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。(1)one of復(fù)數(shù)名詞關(guān)系代詞復(fù)數(shù)動詞 He is one

14、 of the students who pass the exam.(2)the only one of復(fù)數(shù)名詞關(guān)系代詞單數(shù)動詞He is the only one of the students who passes the exam.他是唯一通過考試的學(xué)生。 第二十二頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。(3)其他情況I，who am your teacher，will try my best to help you.我，你的老師，將盡力幫你。Have you heard of the persons and things that are being talked about？你聽說過正在被

15、談?wù)摰倪@些人和事嗎？第二十三頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。1(2021年福建卷)Its helpful to put children in a situation_they can see themselves differently.Athat BwhenCwhich Dwhere第二十四頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椋喊押⒆臃旁谝粋€能使他們從另外一個角度認(rèn)識自己的環(huán)境中對他們有益。此題考查定語從句，先行詞是situation，代入定語從句后為：They can see themselves differently in_the_situation.由此可見，先行詞在定語

16、從句中作狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞；而when表“時間，不合此題要求，只有where符合此題要求?！敬鸢浮緿第二十五頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。2(2021年山東卷)Whenever I met her，_was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile.Awho BwhichCwhen Dthat【解析】此處考查which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。句意為：無論何時我遇見她，她都會一如既往地向我微笑。【答案】B第二十六頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。3(2021年江西卷)The house I grew up_has been taken down

17、and replaced by an office building.Ain it BinCin that Din which【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知house后面有一個限制性定語從句，而且定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞已經(jīng)省略，那么該引導(dǎo)詞一定在定語從句中作賓語，所以此空中要填介詞in，且其后不能再有賓語?！敬鸢浮緽第二十七頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。4(2021年陜西卷)Gun control is a subject_Americans have argued for a long time.Aof which Bwith whichCabout which Dinto which【解析】句意為：

18、槍支的控制是在美國爭論了很長時間的一個話題。此題考查“介詞關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句。先行詞為subject，帶入定語從句后為：Americans have argued about the subject for a long time.由此可知，先行詞在定語從句中作about的賓語，介詞about提前，故用關(guān)系代詞which?！敬鸢浮緾第二十八頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。5(2021年天津卷)A person_email account is full wont be able to send or receive any emails.Awho BwhomCwhose Dwhoever【

19、解析】句意為：一個人的電子郵件賬戶滿了，就不能收發(fā)任何郵件了。此題考查定語從句。先行詞為a person，代入定語從句后為：whose email account is full.由此可見，whose在定語從句中作定語，是形容詞性的，修飾名詞。who作主語；whom作賓語；whoever連接代詞，“無論誰，用來引導(dǎo)名詞性從句或狀語從句?！敬鸢浮緾第二十九頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。6(2021年全國卷)She brought with her three friends，none of_I had ever met before.Athem BwhoCwhom Dthese【解析】 句意為

20、：她帶了3個朋友過來，沒有一個是我曾經(jīng)見過的。此題考查非限制性定語從句。先行詞是her three friends，代入定語從句后為：I had ever met none of her three friends.而介詞后指人時用關(guān)系代詞whom。 【答案】C第三十頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。7(2021年全國卷)My friend showed me round the town，_was very kind of him.Awhich BthatCwhere Dit【解析】句意為：我的朋友真不錯，他帶我繞城轉(zhuǎn)了一圈。此題was缺少主語，排除where；it不能引導(dǎo)定語從句，排除it；

21、that不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，排除that?！敬鸢浮緼第三十一頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。8(2021年浙江卷)I have reached a point in my life_I am supposed to make decisions of my own.Awhich BwhereChow Dwhy【解析】 句意為：我已經(jīng)到了應(yīng)該自己作決定的那個人生階段。where引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞point?！敬鸢浮緽第三十二頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。9(2021年遼寧卷)Theyve won their last three matches，_I find a bit surpri

22、sing actually.Athat BwhenCwhat Dwhich【解析】句意為：他們已經(jīng)贏得了最后三場比賽，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這確實有點令人驚訝?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。先行詞是前面整個句子，which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，并在定語從句中作find的賓語?！敬鸢浮緿第三十三頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。10(2021年江蘇卷)Because of the financial crisis，days are gone_local 5star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.Aif BwhenCwhich Dsince【解析】句意為：由于經(jīng)濟(jì)危機，在當(dāng)?shù)匚逍羌?/p>

23、酒店住一個晚上就要6 000元的日子一去不復(fù)返了。when local 5star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night作days的定語，關(guān)系副詞when在定語從句中作時間狀語?！敬鸢浮緽第三十四頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。1(2021年皖南八校第二次聯(lián)考)Many youth went to the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum on Nov.16,2021，_US President Barack Obama delivered a speech during his fourday state

24、visit.Awhich Bin thatCwhere Dthat【解析】考查定語從句的用法。where引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum?！敬鸢浮緾第三十五頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。2(2021年福建四地六校第三次聯(lián)考)“Youll have to wait for two hours，_is，about 1130，_the medical report will come out， the doctor said to me.Athat；when Bwhich；thatCthat；before Dwhich；w

25、hen【解析】考查插入語和定語從句的用法。that is是插入語，意思是“也就是；when引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾前面的時間1130。【答案】A第三十六頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。3(2021年福建四地六校第三次聯(lián)考)I dont like the way_he often uses to speak to me.Ain which BhowCwhich Dwhat【解析】考查定語從句。which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞way，而且which在從句中作uses的賓語?！敬鸢浮緾第三十七頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。4(2021年南京檢測)John，_money is no problem，

26、still leads a simple life.Afor whose Bof whoseCof whom Dfor whom【解析】考查定語從句。可以把定語從句局部變化成“Money is no problem for John，這樣便不難看出用介詞for關(guān)系代詞whom(指代John)來引導(dǎo)定語從句。【答案】D第三十八頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。5(2021年南京檢測)Nowadays，when people talk about magicians，the first one_comes into their mind is Liu Qian.Awhom BwhichCthat D

27、what【解析】考查定語從句。根據(jù)語境可知，空缺處應(yīng)填一個關(guān)系代詞且該關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語且指人，先行詞前有the first修飾，所以選that?！敬鸢浮緾第三十九頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。6(2021年蘇州模擬)He didnt put the things_they belonged，for_he got his punishment.Awhich；that Bwhat；thisCthat；whose Dwhere；which【解析】考查復(fù)合句。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看前半句中的從句是狀語從句表示放東西的地方，因此使用where引導(dǎo)；后半句是非限制性定語從句，使用which指代前面整個

28、句子的意思，這是which的典型用法。【答案】D第四十頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。7(2021年浙江嘉興二模)All the neighbors admire this family，_the children and parents build up a friendly relationship.Awhy BwhereCwhich Dthat【解析】考查定語從句。句意為：所有的鄰居都羨慕這個家庭，在這個家庭里父母和子女建立了和諧的關(guān)系。where在此處相當(dāng)于in which，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為this family?！敬鸢浮緽第四十一頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。8(20

29、21年南通調(diào)研)Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons cant be the only preparation for all of the situations_appear in the working world.Awhere BwhenCthat Dwhat【解析】此題考查定語從句。句意為：找到工作的年輕人也許會意識到大學(xué)的功課缺乏以應(yīng)對工作中的所有情況。先行詞是the situation，代入定語從句后為：The situations appear in the working world?！敬鸢浮?/p>

30、C第四十二頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。9(2021年皖南八校聯(lián)考)This term the students in our province are studying a new course called Life Guidance，_covers possible real life issues.Awhose BwhichCthat Dwhat【解析】考查定語從句。 which在句中引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Life Guidance。cover覆蓋，涉及?！敬鸢浮緽第四十三頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。10(2021年青島二模)All_is a continuous su

31、pply of the basic necessities of life.Awhat is needed Bfor our needsCthe thing needed Dthat is needed【解析】考查定語從句。句意為：現(xiàn)在所需要的是根本生活必需品的不斷的供給。在該句中，主語局部含有一個定語從句，先行詞是all，在主句中作主語，因此要用關(guān)系代詞that。all that is neededwhat is needed?！敬鸢浮緿第四十四頁，編輯于星期五：十二點 八分。11(2021年日照二模)As to the unemployment，the government has taken a series of measures in many are