大學(xué)英語(yǔ)-翻譯課件-分句與合句

1、分句與合句分句與合句，是沖破原文句法結(jié)構(gòu)的束縛進(jìn)行翻譯的兩個(gè)相輔相成的重要方法。分句： 把原句某句話的成分加以分解，譯成兩個(gè)或這兩個(gè)以上的句子。合句：就是把原文兩個(gè)或者兩個(gè)以上的句子加以合并，譯成一個(gè)句子。原因：英語(yǔ)與漢語(yǔ)存在句式上的差異：漢語(yǔ)重意合竹竿式句子短英語(yǔ) 重形合分岔式句子長(zhǎng)單詞分譯短語(yǔ)分譯句子分譯分譯單詞分譯是指把原文中的一個(gè)單詞分譯成一個(gè)句子。單詞分譯原因：句法上的需要，由于有的詞在搭配及詞義等方面的特點(diǎn)，直譯會(huì)使句子生硬晦澀，而把單詞分譯出來(lái)能使句子通順。另外，有的時(shí)候?yàn)榱思訌?qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，突出重點(diǎn)，也會(huì)使用單詞分譯。英語(yǔ)中名詞、形容詞以及副詞、動(dòng)詞都可以分譯。At present p

2、eople have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply.現(xiàn)在，人們都傾向于采取不偏不倚的態(tài)度來(lái)回答問(wèn)題，因?yàn)樗踩?，不招風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。He shook his head and his eyes were wide, then narrowed in indignation.他搖了搖頭，兩目睜得圓圓的，接著又瞇成一條線，臉上露出了憤怒的神色。Chairman Mao might have spoken with understandable pride of his policy of “self-reliance”.

3、毛主席在談到他的“自力更生”的政策時(shí)，也許有些自豪感，這是可以理解的。George nodded, thankful that his wife was no the talkative kind.喬治點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，他妻子不是那種絮絮叨叨的人，對(duì)此他心存感激。Buckly was in a clear minority.巴克利屬于少數(shù)派，這是明擺著的事實(shí)。That region was the most identifiable trouble place.那地區(qū)是個(gè)麻煩的地方，這是大家很容易看出來(lái)的。The American commander, Admiral Nimitz, was under

4、standably reluctant to join the battle.美軍司令海軍上將尼米茲怠于出戰(zhàn)，這是可以理解的。I tried vainly to put the pieces together.我想把這些碎片拼在一起，可是拼不起來(lái)。The Chinese seemed justifiably proud of their economic achievements.中國(guó)人似乎為他們?cè)诮?jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)上取得的巨大成就感到自豪，這是合乎情理的。Jerry quickly ordered everyone to put on life jackets, and tried unsuccess

5、fully to put out the fire.杰瑞立即叫大家穿上救生衣，并且分離撲火，但卻無(wú)濟(jì)于事。Radio waves have been considered radiant energy.人們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到，無(wú)線電波是一種輻射。The maximum demand for electricity today is expected to double within a decade.可以預(yù)料，目前對(duì)電的最大需要量在十年內(nèi)可望增加一倍。短語(yǔ)分譯是指把原文中的一個(gè)短語(yǔ)分譯成一個(gè)句子。名詞短語(yǔ)、分詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)都可以分譯稱分句。短語(yǔ)分譯They were at home in the h

6、ome the people, moving confidently without fear.他們?cè)谌罕娂依锔械阶栽冢袆?dòng)時(shí)心里踏實(shí)，無(wú)憂無(wú)慮。Sunrays filtered in wherever they could, driving out darkness and choking the shadow.陽(yáng)光攝入了他所能透過(guò)的所有地方，趕走了黑暗，驅(qū)散了幽影。I wrote four books in the first three years, a record never touched before.我頭三年寫了四本書，打破了以往的記錄。The station chief wo

7、uld have to be close to the director, a member of the inner circle.這位站長(zhǎng)就得接近董事，因?yàn)槎率呛诵募瘓F(tuán)的成員。Energy can neither be created or destroyed, a universally accepted law.能量既不能創(chuàng)造也不能被消滅，這是一條普遍公認(rèn)的規(guī)律。The power increased with their number.他們?nèi)藬?shù)增加了， 力量也隨之增強(qiáng)。He arrived in Washington at a ripe moment internationally

8、.他來(lái)到華盛頓，就國(guó)際形勢(shì)來(lái)說(shuō)，時(shí)機(jī)正合適。Built in 1192, the bridge is over 700 years old.這座橋是1192年修建的，已經(jīng)有七百多年的歷史了。Throughout his life, Benjamin Franklin continued his education, learning from human contacts as well as from books.富蘭克林的整個(gè)一生都在受教育，他不僅從書本中學(xué)習(xí)，而且也從與人的交往中學(xué)習(xí)。簡(jiǎn)單句的分譯并列句的分譯復(fù)合句的分譯句子分譯簡(jiǎn)單句并列句復(fù)合句英語(yǔ)句型簡(jiǎn)單句有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)或多個(gè)主語(yǔ)和一個(gè)謂

9、語(yǔ)，一個(gè)主語(yǔ)和多個(gè)謂語(yǔ)。并列句是由并列連詞連接的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。1.由and、but、or、so、for并列連詞詞組連接成的。Johnlikesplayingbasketball,buthedidntplayityesterday. 2.notonlybutalso,eitheror,neithernor,notbut,bothand,等Notonlyonebutalsoallofuswereinvited. 復(fù)合句指的是含有兩個(gè)或更多的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，其中有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)充當(dāng)句子的某一成分，如主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等。主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句

10、His contemptuous attitude towards us is contemptible.他以蔑視的態(tài)度對(duì)待我們，這種態(tài)度是可鄙的。His wealth enables him to do everything.他有錢，什么事都能干。This rare and fabulous bird is unique.該鳥系珍惜禽類，天下無(wú)雙。The wonderful purity of nature at this season is a most pleasing fact.大自然在這個(gè)季節(jié)里顯得特別純潔，令人十分賞心悅目。That question is too hard for

11、 me to answer.那個(gè)問(wèn)題太難了，我回答不了。He is too ill to have been anywhere but in bed.他病得太厲害，哪也去不了，只能呆在床上。She had made several attempts to help them find other rental quarters without success.她已經(jīng)試了好幾次，要幫他們另找一所出租的房子，結(jié)果并沒(méi)有成功。His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery.因

12、為她沒(méi)與遵守安全規(guī)則，機(jī)器出了故障。Helen March picked up the telephone seconds after the first ring and sounded puzzled when Alan asked for June.第一聲電話鈴響過(guò)幾秒鐘后，海倫. 馬奇拿起話筒。聽到艾倫找瓊接電話，她的聲音流露出迷惑。However， travelers will find they can also use the new currency in some places outside the official euro zone; several large UK-

13、based retail chains will accept the new notes and coin, including Marks& Spencer, Virgin, Selfridges and Dixons.然而，游客們也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，在法定的歐元區(qū)之外的一些地方，這種新貨幣也可流通使用。一些總部設(shè)在英國(guó)的大型零售連鎖企業(yè)也會(huì)接受顧客使用新的歐元紙幣和硬幣來(lái)付賬，其中有馬爾克斯與斯賓塞公司、維爾京公司、謝爾弗里吉斯公司和狄克遜斯公司等NEC says it has designed the robot 5 to be “cute”. It can doze off and walks

14、 in its sleep, and will start dancing and playing music if it is patted.日本電氣公司稱已設(shè)計(jì)出一種小巧可愛(ài)的機(jī)器人5號(hào)。他會(huì)打瞌睡，說(shuō)夢(mèng)話。要是你拍他一下，他便開始跳舞和演奏音樂(lè)。The addition of manganese to steel produces a fine grain substance which has greater toughness and ductility.鋼中加錳可形成細(xì)晶粒物質(zhì)，這種物質(zhì)有更好的韌性和塑性。Possibly the greatest name in the history of Ger