（全國卷）2022屆高考考前沖刺卷（一）-英語

1、此卷只裝訂不密封班級 姓名 準(zhǔn)考證號 考場號 座位號 2022屆高考考前沖刺卷英語（一）注意事項：1答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第卷（選擇題）第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給

2、的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIn the long history of humans, womens stories have often been overlooked. Yet as modern society has allowed women to speak for themselves, more and more women are standing up to choose how to live their lives. Here are five powerful films that just might inspire yo

3、u to re-imagine what it means to be a woman.Hi, Mom (2021)Directed by Chinese comedian Jia Ling, this heartwarming comedy, about a woman who accidentally meets her mother during time travel, became a hit with audiences this year, leading the mainland box office right after Chinese New Year.Leap (202

4、0)This 2020 film about the Chinese national womens volleyball team presents their history from 1981, when they won the Womens World Cup, to the year 2016. Actress Gong Li stars as the legendary volleyball player Lang Ping, and Peter Chen from Hong Kong is the director.Coco Avant Chanel (2009)The lif

5、e of Coco Chanel serves as a guide to all women wishing to establish their own careers. Audrey Tautou, famous for her iconic performance in Amelie, stars as the glorious French fashion designer. It is French director Anne Fontaines most famous film.The Joy Luck Club (1993)Based on the novel The Joy

6、Luck Club, Chinese director Wang Ying tells the stories of four Chinese women and their daughters who were all born and lived in the US. Their conflicts also reflect the collision between traditional Chinese culture and American culture.The Story of Qiu Ju (1992)Directed by Zhang Yimou, the 1992 fil

7、m describes a peasant woman Qiu Ju who lives in a rural area of China and fights for justice. It is a screen adaptation of writer Chen Yuanbins novel The Wan Familys Lawsuit.1. Why does the author select the above 5 movies?A. To arouse attention to women.B. To speak highly of great mothers.C. To sup

8、port womens fight for equal rights.D. To introduce the history of women movies.2. How does Coco Avant Chanel differ from the other 4 movies?A. It inspired a lot of women.B. It is set in a foreign country.C. Its actress became world-famous for her role.D. Its director has a different culture backgrou

9、nd.3. Which film concerns generation gap?A. Hi, MomB. LeapC. The Joy Luck ClubD. The Story of Qiu Ju【答案】1-3 ADC【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了五部引起對女性的關(guān)注的電影。1. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Here are five powerful films that just might inspire you to re-imagine what it means to be a woman.（下面是五部有影響力的電影，它們可能會激發(fā)你重新想象作為一個女人意味著什么。）”

10、可知，作者選擇了以上5部電影來引起對女性的關(guān)注。故選A。2. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)Hi, Mom (2021)部分第一句“Directed by Chinese comedian Jia Ling”（由中國喜劇演員賈玲執(zhí)導(dǎo)），Leap (2020)部分最后一句“Peter Chen from Hong Kong is the director”（來自香港的Peter Chen是導(dǎo)演），Coco Avant Chanel (2009)部分最后一句“It is French director Anne Fontaines most famous film.”（這是法國導(dǎo)演安妮方丹最著名的電影。），Th

11、e Joy Luck Club (1993)部分第一句“Based on the novel The Joy Luck Club, Chinese director Wang Ying tells the stories of four Chinese women and their daughters who were all born and lived in the US.”（電影改編自同名小說喜福會，中國導(dǎo)演王穎講述了四個在美國出生和生活的中國婦女和她們的女兒的故事。）和The Story of Qiu Ju (1992)部分第一句“Directed by Zhang Yimou, t

12、he 1992 film describes a peasant woman Qiu Ju who lives in a rural area of China and fights for justice.”（這部1992年的電影由張藝謀執(zhí)導(dǎo)，講述了中國農(nóng)村的一位名叫秋菊的農(nóng)婦為正義而戰(zhàn)的故事。）可知，其它幾部電影都是由中國導(dǎo)演執(zhí)導(dǎo)，Coco Avant Chanel的導(dǎo)演來自法國。故選D。3. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Joy Luck Club (1993)部分第一句“Based on the novel The Joy Luck Club, Chinese director Wang Y

13、ing tells the stories of four Chinese women and their daughters who were all born and lived in the US.”（電影改編自同名小說喜福會，中國導(dǎo)演王穎講述了四個在美國出生和生活的中國婦女和她們的女兒的故事。）可知，The Joy Luck Club關(guān)注代溝問題。故選C。B“BANG!” the door caused a reverberation (回聲). It was just standing there, with my father standing on one side, and m

14、e on the other side.We were both in great anger. “Never set foot in this house again!” stormed my father. With tears welling up in my eyes, I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street.The street lights were shining, causing rather sad feelings. I wandered aimlessly.A young father who held a ch

15、ild in his arms walked past me. I felt as if I saw my childhood from another space: happy and carefree.But now . I dont know whether it is because I have grown up or because my dad is getting old. We differ in our ways of thinking. He always puts his opinions and codes of behavior on me. Whenever he

16、 does something wrong, he never admits it. We are just like two people coming from two different worlds. It feels like there is an iron door between us that can never be opened.I wandered the streets, without a destination in mind. My heart was frozen on this hot summer night. As I walked on, there

17、were fewer and fewer people in the streets, until I had only the street lights to keep me company. When I finally reached the high-rise apartment block in which I lived, I saw that the light was still on.I thought to myself: “Is my father waiting for me, or is he still angry with me?”In fact, it was

18、 nothing. Perhaps, my dad was throwing away some of his old stamps. Perhaps he thought they were useless. I never had the courage to tell him that I liked collecting stamps. All the lights were off except my fathers.Dad was always like this. Maybe he didnt know how to express himself. After shouting

19、 at me, he never showed any mercy or any moments of regret. However, after an argument he has the habit of tucking me underneath the covers (掖被子) while I am sleeping.This was how he always was. He has been a leader for so long that telling everyone else what to do has become his second nature.The li

20、ght was still on. “Am I wrong?” I whispered, maybe . With the key in my hand, I was as nervous as I had ever been. At last, I decided to open the door. As soon as I opened the door, tears ran down my cheeks. I suddenly realized that the iron door that I had imagined between us did not exist at all.

21、Love its second to none.4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The author and his father lacked communication.B. The authors father didnt approve of his stamp collecting.C. The authors father opened the door for him when he came back.D. The author fully understood w

22、hy he and his father had different thinking.5. Decide which is the best order of the following according to what happened in the passage?a. I opened the door and entered the house.b. Sadly I ran out into the street.c. I reached the place where I lived and saw my home still brightly lit.d. I thought

23、of my fathers kindness towards me.e. I walked about in the street without any aim.A. b, e, c, d, aB. b, e, d, c, aC. b, e, a, c, dD. b, e, c, a, d6. What conclusion can you come to after reading the passage?A. The father treats his son in an unfair way.B. The father is neither kind nor rude to his s

24、on.C. The father is actually kind to his son.D. The father is always finding his son wrong.7. This passage is mainly about _.A. where the boy wentB. why the boy left homeC. what made a father angryD. how the boy understand his fathers love【答案】4-7 AACD【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者和爸爸吵架離家后，爸爸一直為深夜未歸的作者亮著燈，最后作者意識到愛是

25、第一位的。4. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“We are just like two people coming from two different worlds. It feels like there is an iron door between us that can never be opened.(我們就像來自兩個不同世界的兩個人。這感覺就好像我們之間有一扇永遠(yuǎn)打不開的鐵門)”可知，作者和爸爸之間像是有一扇從未打開的鐵門，有隔閡。由此可知，作者和他的父親缺乏溝通。故選A項。5. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“With tears welling up in my eyes, I rushe

26、d out of the flat and ran along the street.(我的眼眶里充滿了淚水，我沖出公寓，沿街跑去)”可知，作者先是悲傷地跑到了街上，對應(yīng)b。根據(jù)第三段“I wandered aimlessly.(我漫無目的地閑逛著)”可知，跑到街上后，作者漫無目的地在街上走著，對應(yīng)e。根據(jù)第六段“When I finally reached the high-rise apartment block in which I lived, I saw that the light was still on.(當(dāng)我終于到達(dá)我住的高層公寓樓時，我看到燈還亮著)”可知，當(dāng)我到達(dá)我住的地

27、方時，看到我家仍然燈火通明，對應(yīng)c。根據(jù)第九段“However, after an argument he has the habit of tucking me underneath the covers (掖被子) while I am sleeping.(然而，他習(xí)慣于和我爭吵后在我睡覺的時候給我掖被子)”可知，作者想到了父親對他的好，對應(yīng)d。根據(jù)第十一段“At last, I decided to open the door. As soon as I opened the door, tears ran down my cheeks.(最后，我決定開門。我一開門，眼淚就順著臉頰流了下

28、來)”可知，作者最終開門回家了，對應(yīng)a。所以正確的順序應(yīng)該是b, e, c, d, a。故選A項。6. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第八段“All the lights were off except my fathers.(除了我父親的燈，所有的燈都關(guān)了)”及第九段“Dad was always like this. Maybe he didnt know how to express himself. After shouting at me, he never showed any mercy or any moments of regret. However, after an argument

29、he has the habit of tucking me underneath the covers(掖被子) while I am sleeping.(爸爸總是這樣。也許他不知道如何表達(dá)自己。在對我大吼大叫之后，他從來沒有表現(xiàn)出任何憐憫，也沒有片刻的后悔。然而，他習(xí)慣于和我爭吵后在我睡覺的時候給我掖被子)”可知，作者和爸爸吵架離家后，爸爸一直為深夜未歸的作者亮著燈，爸爸不知道如何表達(dá)自己，但行動表明他很疼愛自己的兒子。由此推知，作者的父親實際上對他很好。故選C。7. 主旨大意題。本文是一篇記敘文，作者和爸爸吵架后，奪門而出，跑到了街上，在街上漫無目的地走著，走著走著就又回到了自家樓下，發(fā)

30、現(xiàn)爸爸一直為深夜未歸的他亮著燈，作者也想到了爸爸往常對自己的好，即使是兩人吵了架，爸爸也會在作者睡覺的時候給他掖被子，最后作者回到了家，意識到了爸爸對他的愛。由此可知，這篇文章主要是關(guān)于作者是如何理解了父親對他的愛。故選D項。CSpicy tomatoes could soon be on the menu thanks to the rise of gene-editing(基因編輯) technology, researchers say.It is not the first time that experts have claimed the techniques could help

31、 develop fruit with unusual features: scientists have already been looking at changing the color of kiwi fruit and bettering the taste of strawberries.But researchers in Brazil and Ireland say such methods could also offer practical advantages, with hot tomatoes offering a new way of harvesting the

32、pungent(辣味的) chemicals found in peppers known as capsaicinoids(辣椒素)，which make food taste “hot”.“Capsaicinoids are very valuable compounds(化合物): they are used in the weapons industry, they are also used for painkillers. and there are some researches showing that they promote weight loss,” said Agust

33、in Zsgn from the Federal University of Vios a in Brazil, a co-author of a new article arguing for the benefits of engineering hot tomatoes.Writing in the journal Trends in Plant Science, the researchers say peppers are difficult crops to grow and low productive. Worse still, it is tricky to keep the

34、 pungency of the fruits stable. By contrast, tomato production is high and the plant is well-studied. “You could produce the capsaicinoids in a more cost-effective manner,” said Zsgn.Tomatoes and peppers developed from a common ancestor, but separated about 19 million years ago. “All these genes to

35、produce capsaicinoids exist in the tomato, they are just not active,” said Zsgn. “Using gene-editing technology, it is bound to switch these genes back on in tomatoes, adding a kick to the fruit,” he said.8. Why are the tomatoes made hot by the researchers?A. To test the gene-editing technology.B. T

36、o enrich the variety of the tomatoes.C. To make the tomatoes more delicious.D. To explore ways to harvest capsaicinoids.9. In which of the following situations can capsaicinoids be used according to the text?A. Feeling weightless.B. Lacking sleep.C. Having a headache.D. Losing appetite.10. What is Z

37、sgns attitude to the gene-editing technology?A. Confident.B. Uncertain.C. Tolerant.D. Unacceptable.11. Whats the text mainly about?A. An introduction to gene-editing plants.B. Creating hot tomatoes by gene-editing.C. Problems with capsaicinoid production.D. The procedure of producing capsaicinoids.【

38、答案】8-11 DCAB【解析】本文是新聞報道。文章報道了巴西和愛爾蘭的研究人員用基因編輯技術(shù)培育辣番茄的研究與它的意義和前景。8. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三自然段“But researchers in Brazil and Ireland say such methods could also offer practical advantages, with hot tomatoes offering a new way of harvesting the pungent(辣味的) chemicals found in peppers known as capsaicinoids, (但巴西和愛

39、爾蘭的研究人員說，這種方法也可以提供實際的優(yōu)勢，如辣西紅柿提供了一種新的收獲辣椒中被稱為辣椒素的刺激性化學(xué)物質(zhì)的方法)”可知，辣西紅是對收獲辣椒素的新方法的探索。故選D項。9. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四自然段“they are used in the weapons industry, they are also used for painkillers. (它們被用于武器工業(yè)，也被用于止痛藥)”可知，辣椒素可用于止痛。故選C項。10. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六自然段“Using gene-editing technology, it is bound to switch these genes ba

40、ck on in tomatoes, adding a kick to the fruit”, he said.(“利用基因編輯技術(shù)，這些基因必然會在番茄中重新啟動，給這種水果增加活力，”他說)”可知，Zsgn對用基因編輯技術(shù)的應(yīng)用充滿信心。故選A項。11. 主旨大意題。本文是一篇新聞報道，首段“Spicy tomatoes could soon be on the menu thanks to the rise of gene-editing(基因編輯) technology, researchers say. (研究人員稱，由于基因編輯技術(shù)的興起，辣番茄可能很快就會成為人們的菜單)”介紹了

41、用基因編輯技術(shù)培育辣番茄的話題，下文都是圍繞這一話題展開，所以用“Creating hot tomatoes by gene-editing”作為標(biāo)題恰當(dāng)?shù)皿w。故選B項。DGetting computers to understand human body language is no simple task. Lets break down the steps to get a good understanding of what your body language is saying.First, the computer needs to see. So, it needs a cam

42、era. But a computer doesnt see like we do, and it only gets a stream of data from the camera. So, software first has to recognize the shape of a human body, and then map out the key points of our body. Some poor souls have to teach a computer what all of our different body parts look like in lots of

43、 different lighting conditions, and lots of different body types.But understanding that an image contains an elbow, a knee, or a face doesnt do much good. So, now the computer is paying close attention to our faces and our hands. Classifying emotions as body language and facial expressions is litera

44、lly in our genes, so it comes pretty easily.But computers need to see a ton of examples of any given kind of body language, then to be told what that body language is or means, and then they can, over time, and with more and more examples, identify that same or similar stance with that emotion.If Im

45、 a self-driving car approaching a crosswalk and I see an upheld hand in front of me, I can infer the human wants me to stop as they intend to cross the street. If I instead see that same human using the “move along” gesture, thats a strong indication that they would prefer me to continue on my journ

46、ey instead of waiting. A car has just read your body language.12. What is the most important for computers to understand human body language?A. A camera.B. A stream of data.C. Software.D. A lighting condition.13. Why are emotions divided into body language and facial expressions?A. To encourage peop

47、le to know about genes.B. To make computers watch emotions closely.C. To save the time of analysing a ton of data.D. To get computers to recognise them easily.14. What does the underlined word “stance” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Attitude.B. Meaning.C. Behavior.D. Expression.15. Which of the fol

48、lowing can be the best title for the text?A. How Computers Read Body LanguageB. When Self-driving Cars Will Be BornC. Why Emotions Are of ImportanceD. What the Unknown Future Holds 【答案】12-15 CDBA【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了計算機(jī)理解人類肢體語言的詳細(xì)步驟。12. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“So, software first has to recognize the shape of a h

49、uman body, and then map out the key points of our body.(所以，軟件首先要識別人體的形狀，然后繪制出我們身體的關(guān)鍵點)”可知，要讓計算機(jī)理解人類的肢體語言，最重要的是軟件。故選C。13. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“But understanding that an image contains an elbow, a knee, or a face doesnt do much good. So, now the computer is paying close attention to our faces and our hands. Cl

50、assifying emotions as body language and facial expressions is literally in our genes, so it comes pretty easily.(但理解圖像中包含肘部、膝蓋或一張臉并沒有多大幫助。所以，現(xiàn)在電腦正在密切關(guān)注我們的臉和手。將情緒歸類為肢體語言和面部表情是由我們的基因決定的，所以很容易就能做到)”以及第四段“But computers need to see a ton of examples of any given kind of body language, then to be told wha

51、t that body language is or means, and then they can, over time, and with more and more examples, identify that same or similar stance with that emotion.(但是計算機(jī)需要看到大量的任何一種肢體語言的例子，然后被告知這種肢體語言是什么或意味著什么，然后它們可以，隨著時間的推移，通過越來越多的例子，識別出那種肢體語言情緒狀況下相同或相似的意義)”可知，因為肘部、膝蓋或一張臉的圖像對計算機(jī)理解人類肢體語言并沒有多大好處，所以計算機(jī)關(guān)注情緒：臉（面部表情

52、）和手（肢體語言），把情緒被分為肢體語言和面部表情，是為了讓計算機(jī)好識別它們背后的意義。故選D。14. 詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“But computers need to see a ton of examples of any given kind of body language, then to be told what that body language is or means, and then they can, over time, and with more and more examples, identify that same or similar stance w

53、ith that emotion. (但是，計算機(jī)需要看到任何一種特定肢體語言的大量例子，然后被告知這種肢體語言是什么或意味著什么，然后隨著時間的推移，通過越來越多的例子，他們可以用這種情緒識別那種肢體語言情緒狀況下相同或相似的stance)”可知，計算機(jī)識別的是特定肢體語言背后的意義，通過越來越多肢體語言的例子，計算機(jī)就可以識別出那種肢體語言情緒狀況下相同或相似的意思。故畫線詞意思是“意義”。A. Attitude.態(tài)度；B. Meaning.意義；C. Behavior.行為；D. Expression.表情。故選B。15. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Getting computers to

54、 understand human body language is no simple task. Lets break down the steps to get a good understanding of what your body language is saying. (讓電腦理解人類的肢體語言并不是一件簡單的事情。讓我們分解這些步驟，以便更好地理解你的肢體語言在說什么)”結(jié)合文章，主要說明了計算機(jī)理解人類肢體語言的詳細(xì)步驟?？芍?，A選項“計算機(jī)是如何識別肢體語言的”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白

55、處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。September 23 marks the start of a new season. _16_ In Great Britain, the third season of the year usually has only one name: autumn. But if you travel across the Atlantic, youll find that people use both fall and autumn interchangeably when referring to this time of year, making i

56、t the only season in the English language with two widely accepted names. _17_According to D, fall isnt a modern name that followed the more traditional autumn. The two terms are actually first recorded within a few hundred years, with the term fall being used even a bit earlier._18_ The word is of

57、Germanic origin and meant “picking” or “collecting”, a nod to the act of gathering and preserving crops in the field before winter. In the 1500s, English speakers began referring to the season separating the hot and cold months as either the fall of the leaf or the spring of the leaf, or fall and sp

58、ring for short. _19_ By the end of the 1600s, autumn, from the French word “automne” and the Latin “autumnus”, had overtaken fall as the standard British term for the third season.Around the same time England adopted autumn, the first-ever British American colonists(殖民者) were voyaging to North Ameri

59、ca. _20_ While the former fell out of fashion overseas, it established itself in the local vocabulary by the time America won its independence. Today, using both words to describe the season before winter is still a unique American behavior.A. With them they brought the words fall and autumn.B. The

60、Americans prefer using fall to using autumn.C. However, what exactly you should call that season depends on where you are.D. But for some reason, only spring had staying power in Britain.E. It is time to gather apples, rice and other things for the farmers.F. So what is it about the season that make