高中英語 2022屆術科生英語課-話題4：文娛與體育-題型專練 課件

1、深圳市教育科學研究院 2022 年3月深圳教育云資源平臺深圳市教育科學研究院 2022 年3月2022屆術科生英語復習課教學內(nèi)容：話題4：文娛與體育第8課時： 七選五解題方略執(zhí)教人： 李韜單位： 深圳市龍崗區(qū)橫崗高級中學 我們必須了解文章的語篇結構，掌握語篇的銜接手段，把握句際和段際之間的邏輯關系，才可有效解題。Be more like an author/editor.Be less like a reader.Getting to know about Gap-Filling:了解文章的語篇結構總分結構總分結構總分總結構總分分結構(1) 語法手段(指代) 凡在選項中或空格前、后句中遇到代詞

2、，我們要思考該代詞替代上文中的什么內(nèi)容，意義是否通順。如：考點1：語篇的銜接手段 語篇的銜接手段主要有語法手段(如指代等)和詞匯手段(如復現(xiàn)關系、同現(xiàn)關系等)。 (2021年全國甲卷) You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesnt end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources (資源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old

3、 clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-youre-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor? 36 . Its the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time. B. Hold

4、 a clothing swapE. Donate whatever clothes are left over解析：本題前句問“那么，該如何處理那些堆在臥室地板上、雖完好但可能有點厭倦的衣服呢？”，后句提到“這是扔掉舊衣服、從朋友那里得到衣服并同時開派對的最好方法”，B選項“進行衣物交換”是對前句的回答，且與后一句的It相呼應，故選B項。B 詞語復現(xiàn)：如果空格前、后句中與正確選項中含有相同的一個或幾個詞，叫原詞或同詞復現(xiàn)；如果前后句與選項中沒有相同的詞，但有同義表達，叫同義復現(xiàn)。(2) 詞匯手段(復現(xiàn)/同現(xiàn))(2020年新高考卷) Keep track of how you are feel

5、ing. 38 This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms (癥狀) and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long youve felt that way.C. You can talk to anothe

6、r doctor if the treatments dont work.D. Before your doctors visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.原詞復現(xiàn)D解析：觀察選項，選項D中的“how you are feeling”與小標題中的“how you are feeling”屬于原詞復現(xiàn)。將答案代入原文，前后語義銜接緊密，故選D項。 詞語同現(xiàn)：就是相互關聯(lián)的詞語在上下文中有同時出現(xiàn)的可能性。如school, teacher, student, headmaster, class, test, fail, pass, learn等詞就有可

7、能在同一篇文章中同時出現(xiàn)。如：(2021年全國甲卷) Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. 40 . And dont forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, its a party!D. Just keep music playing throughoutG. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition解析：與上下文中的song，party

8、可能同時出現(xiàn)的，只有D選項中的music，故選D項(始終播放音樂)。詞語同現(xiàn)D 結構復現(xiàn)：就是句子結構重復出現(xiàn)，常有also作為標志詞。如： (2019全國卷) 37 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set yo

9、ur goals.B. So how should you motivate yourself?D. So why should we try to set specific goals? 結構復現(xiàn)B解析：因空后句中how should you與選項B中 how should you是結構復現(xiàn)；下文提到“更重要的是，你應該如何保持動力來實現(xiàn)目標？”，將選項B“那么你應該如何激勵自己呢？”代入文中，前后意義銜接。(1) 總分關系: 要求考生根據(jù)“總(主題句)”選“分(支撐句或分述句)”,也可能根據(jù)“分”選“總”。如：考點2：把握句與句的邏輯關系(2021年全國甲卷) 38 . They shou

10、ld also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home. F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spotsG. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition解析：設空處位于本段段首，應為本段的主題句。后文提到“他們還應該準備大量的可重復使用的袋子，把他們的新衣服帶回家”，G選項“告訴每個人帶上完好且干凈的衣服”恰好概括這一段的主旨，選項中的clean clothes in good

11、condition對應下文的“new” clothes。對應G(2020年全國卷) Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39 (2) 順承關系：順承是

12、按時間、空間或邏輯事理上的順序說出連續(xù)的動作或相關的情況，分句之間有先后相承的關系。如：C. Nothing is too small to celebrate. D. Remember, you are only human.C解析：本段的主題是意識到自己所有的優(yōu)點。根據(jù)上文中的“List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.”可知，此處表示所列的成就中，即使是那些看似微不足道的小事，也是我們生活中的成就。結

13、合選項可知，C項（再小的事都值得慶祝）與上文為順承關系，符合語境。(3) 轉折關系：選項或空后句中常有but, however, instead等詞。如： (2020年新高考卷)People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.” 17 Focus on the speaking.

14、Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.前后語義轉折關注公眾而忽略演講A. Do the opposite. F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners. 關注演講本身相反之事A解析：空前提到了人們太過于關注公眾而忽略了演講本身，后文則談到要關注演講本身；由此可知，前后文之間形成語義上的轉折。結合選項可知，A項（做相反的事）符合前后文邏輯關系及語境，指出要關注演講本身而非觀眾。(4) 因果關系：空格前后可能有

15、so, therefore, since, because等詞。如： (2021年全國乙卷) According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, its not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party. 36 , if youre out of your comfort zone or if youre wandering into somebodys house for the first time. So the main thing is just

16、 to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. B. The first step is to go exploringD. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers因果B解析：本段末句提到“所以最主要的事情就是現(xiàn)身，勇于冒險，嘗試不同的食物，和陌生人交談”，因此如果你走出自己的舒適區(qū)或如果你第一次走到別人的房子，“第一步就是去探索”，選項B與空格后句是因果關系，故選B項。 (5) 解釋關系： 用更為明白易懂的

17、話重述或解釋前面的信息，常用that is (i.e.), in other words, that means, in fact等或冒號(:)、破折號()等標點符號。如：D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.解析：In other words表示該句是對空格前一句的解釋，且take care of your body是exercise的近義表達，還有your brai

18、n是詞語復現(xiàn)，故選G項。 (2011全國卷) 2. Go for a walk. Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. 74 近義表達詞語復現(xiàn)G (6) 順序關系：指one

19、 / first second (ly) third (ly) (第一第二第三)，first next then (首先接下來然后)等。如： (2013全國卷 )One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production, sales, the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies, and accounting. 74 The third relates to the establishment of standards of word

20、in all departments.E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.E解析：因前有One后有The third，這里應是The second，故選E項?？键c3：重視語篇的明顯標志E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this s

21、kill.F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.*. 標點符號 (2014全國卷) Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 39 “Why do you think shes crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If

22、someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”三個問號考點3：重視語篇的明顯標志解析：由空后的連續(xù)三個問題可知，與F項的ask questions相關，故選F，“我們可以在實際生活中這樣做(read people)，或者就故事中的人物提問”。結構復現(xiàn)三條思路一看文章結構二找銜接詞語三析邏輯關系指代同現(xiàn)原詞復現(xiàn)同義復現(xiàn)復現(xiàn)總分 順承 轉折 因果 解釋 順序 Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and

23、 hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.l 36 We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.l “I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I

24、cant imagine doing anything else with my life. Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. Teaching dance is wonderful. 37 Its great to watch them. For many of them, its a way of meeting people and having a social life.l 38 I can tell you about one young couple, says Bridges. “Theyre learning to do tra

25、ditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 39 ”l So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and bette

26、r. 40 I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me Im alive.A. So why do we dance?B. Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.D. My older students say it makes them feel young.E. I keep practicing even when Im extremely tired.F. Dancing seems to change their feel

27、ing completely.G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.2018年全國卷III 七選五If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 36 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being phy

28、sically fit.l Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 37_ l Your metabolism(新陳代謝) gets a head start. 38 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.l 39 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to rela