高考英語圖表類作文寫作技巧講解

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)高考英語圖表類作文寫作技巧講解考點(diǎn)分析 圖表作文以說明文和議論文為主?？疾闀r(shí)要求學(xué)生根據(jù)所給的圖表、數(shù)據(jù)等進(jìn)行分析，閱讀文字和說明，然后組織語言進(jìn)行寫作，得出令人信服的結(jié)論，必要時(shí)還要加入個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。專題詳解文體一：說明文文體特點(diǎn)：（重事實(shí)）說明文是以說明為主要表達(dá)方式，用簡潔明了的語言來解釋說明事物，闡明事理。 它要求語言要簡明扼要，客觀準(zhǔn)確?？蚣埽旱谝欢危焊爬ㄕf明內(nèi)容 常用的詞有：1.table, a pie chart餅圖, a bar chart柱狀圖, grap

2、h, survey, picture2.describe, show, represent, illustrate, reveal, 3. figure, statistic, number, percentage, proportion常用的開篇句型（即概述圖表內(nèi)容時(shí)常用的表達(dá)法）:1.The graph/chart/table above shows / describes / illustrates that. 2. From the above graph/chart, it can be seen that3. As shown in the graph / survey, 4.Th

3、e chart/table shows the differences between5. I launched an inquiry into / I conducted a survey on / to 第二段：描述變化情況并分析引起變化的因素A. 寫作關(guān)鍵：1.對比分析，尋找數(shù)據(jù)的變化規(guī)律；2.篩選數(shù)據(jù)這些數(shù)據(jù)是否具有典型代表性、是否需要一一列出？一般而言首尾數(shù)字以及增減值是必需的；3.強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)據(jù)間的關(guān)系，突出變化。B. 常用詞匯和套語： a.描寫數(shù)據(jù)變化常用套語:增加： 1.There was a great / stable / slight increase /rise in倍數(shù)：2

4、.The number /rate has nearly doubled, compared with that of last year. 3.The number is times as much as that of. 保持不變：4.In 1985, the number remained the same.減少：5. There was a gradualsharp decline in 1989.分別列舉：6. The numbers / percentages are andrespectively. b.說明因果關(guān)系 表示原因：as / since / due to / owni

5、ng to / thanks to / because (of) 進(jìn)一步解釋：that is to say / to put it another way 表示結(jié)果：therefore / thus / as a result ( consequence), so that 提示例證：(take)for example / instance, such as (一般不用于句首), 常用套語: 提出第一個(gè)原因： The first reason can be seen by every person. The first and most important reason / One of th

6、e premier causes is that 解釋某一種現(xiàn)象： is the cause of mainly / partially contribute(s) to the tendency of account(s) for the fact / phenomenon 總括性解釋原因：There exist reasons, which may account for this difference.The reasons for the phenomenon may be as follows:There are several causes for this significant

7、 growth in. 例證：This point can be confirmed by the fact / example of + nn + is a case in point. 第三段：總結(jié)歸納 提議提出解決辦法結(jié)尾常用套語In my opinion / Personally / As far as Im concernedIn short/ In brief/ In a word/ In conclusion /In summary/ To sum up, 3. From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclus

8、ion that 4. Obviously, if we want to, it is necessary/ There is no doubt that attention must be paid 文體二：議論文文體特點(diǎn)：（重說理）議論文是以議論為主要表達(dá)方式的一種文體。論證講求邏輯合理，例證充分?？蚣埽旱谝欢危焊爬▓D表內(nèi)容： 第二段：分析引起變化的因素 （原因）常用連接詞:順序：To begin with . In addition / Furthermore/ Moreover, . First (of all)above all, Second / Then / Next, Fina

9、lly平行：as well as, together with , not only but also .選擇：or , either.or順接：besides /whats more / in addition /also /moreover /worse still轉(zhuǎn)折： however, but, otherwise (否則)，nevertheless（然而） eg: The result may be unexpected; nevertheless, it is true.對比： while / unlike / by/in contrast, (句間對比)eg: The medic

10、al facilities in big cities are mostly advanced. In contrast, their counterparts in the country tend to be of lower quality. 條件： if , on the condition ( that ) , as long as , unless讓步： though, in spite of (盡管, 對已存在的狀況讓步)even if （即使，對還沒發(fā)生的狀況讓步）第三段：總結(jié)歸納 提議提出解決辦法其他注意點(diǎn)： 1）圖表的參照時(shí)間和所使用的單位； 2）從而正確選用時(shí)態(tài)。一般而言

11、，沒有參照時(shí)間的表格和圖表常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，有參照時(shí)間的一般選用一般過去式；3）語態(tài)上可以選擇被動(dòng)語態(tài)，以凸顯客觀性。例文1：根據(jù)以下圖畫，寫一篇英語短文，描述今昔通訊方式的變化，以及這些變化給人們生活帶來的影響。注意：1詞數(shù)：120左右2生詞：通訊：communicate (with sb.) vi. communication n互聯(lián)網(wǎng)：the Internet n.分析從材料的呈現(xiàn)方式（兩幅圖對比）及材料所提供的要求“描述變化及影響”可知，本文應(yīng)該用說明文體來寫作。難點(diǎn)：時(shí)態(tài)一般情況下，說明文應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，但本文描述的是今昔通訊方式的變化，所以在描寫過去通訊方式的時(shí)候要用一般過去時(shí)，例如

12、in the past, people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone 及It used to take several days to hear from each other.在描寫過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，例如本文的起始句可用“Great changes have taken place in the way of communication in peoples life in recent years”及講述影響的

13、過渡句“with these changes, peoples pace of life has been quickened and peoples work has been made more efficient”. 范文:As shown in the pictures, great changes have taken place in the way of communication in peoples life in recent years.In the past, people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing

14、letters or using the public telephone. But now almost everyone has his own mobile phone. People can communicate with each other almost at any place and at any time. Whats more, people have easy access to the Internet, which enables them to send and receive e-mails whenever they like. With these chan

15、ges, peoples pace of life has been quickened and peoples work has been made more efficient. It used to take several days to hear from each other, but now it takes only several minutes, even if they are in two different continents.In a word, people have an easier life nowadays.3例文2:假如你在自己的班級(jí)就校服問題進(jìn)行了調(diào)

16、查（survey）,下面是調(diào)查結(jié)果的統(tǒng)計(jì)表，請參考該表寫一篇題為 Report on the Survey about Our School Uniform 的報(bào)告。注意：1. 報(bào)告必須包含調(diào)查表中的主要內(nèi)容，可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使內(nèi)容連貫。2. 字?jǐn)?shù)120字左右指導(dǎo)：這是屬于典型的表格作文，題材貼近考生的生活實(shí)際，而且要點(diǎn)已經(jīng)給出。 步驟一：審題：按照表格的內(nèi)容寫一篇說明文。步驟二：根據(jù)要點(diǎn)編寫提綱。1. conducted a survey, school uniform, whether they like it;2. majority, 60% of them, fashionable,

17、 fancy color, neat and tidy, a symbol of student, feel equal, no need to compare blindly;3. feel uncomfortable, dull, old-fashioned, simple style4. have no idea步驟三：將要點(diǎn)擴(kuò)展成句。1. I conducted a survey about our school uniform. My aim is to learn whether they like it or not.2. The majority like it. 60% of

18、 them say it is fashionable. The color is fancy. They think it is neat and tidy and serves as a symbol of student. Others hold that we feel equal when dressed in uniform. There is no need to compare blindly.3. 30% of my classmates dont like the school uniform. They say they feel it uncomfortable to

19、wear school uniform. The color is dull. It is old-fashioned. The style is too simple.4. The rest of them have no ideas about it. They feel it hard to decide whether they like it or not.步驟四：運(yùn)用合適的關(guān)聯(lián)詞、過渡語連句成文。最后進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)臐櫳托薷?。范文?Recently, I conducted a survey among our classmates about our school uniform,

20、 aiming to learn whether they like it or not. To my relief, the majority like it. 60% of them say it is very fashionable and the color is fancy. They think it is neat and tidy, and whats more, the school uniform is a symbol of student, making us free from blind comparison with each other. However, t

21、here are 30% of them who dont really like the school uniform. They argue that they feel uncomfortable to wear the uniform. Apart from the dull color, the school uniform is terribly out of fashion and the style is too simple. Also, there are 10% of students who didnt express any ideas about this issu

22、e. They just felt it hard to decide whether they like it or not. In conclusion, most students in my class are in favor of the school uniform. 練習(xí):Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假設(shè)你是中華中學(xué)學(xué)生姚平，最近參加了一項(xiàng)研究性學(xué)習(xí)調(diào)研，課

23、題為父母是否以子女為榮。通過調(diào)研你校學(xué)生及其父母，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)雙方對此問題的看法有差異（數(shù)據(jù)如圖所示）。根據(jù)圖表寫一份報(bào)告，在報(bào)告中，你必須：描述調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)；分析可能導(dǎo)致這一結(jié)果的原因。提示： 體裁：議論文（重說理，建議兩到三個(gè)理由。）模版：第一段：A survey conducted recently indicatesreveals that 第二段：There exist reasons, which may account for this difference. First (of all)above all, Second / Then / Next, Finally第三段：In a w

24、ord,參考答案： A survey conducted recently indicatesreveals that the kids who consider themselves as prides of their parents are less than the parents who are proud of their kids. There exist two reasons, which may account for this difference. First, a lot of Chinese parents will not express directly how

25、 much they are proud of their kids. This tendency to conceal feelings hardly helps children develop a strong sense of self-confidence. Second, the current educational system that focus too much on the value of academic performance has negative effect on kids confidence. They tend to believe that onl

26、y by achieving excellent scores can they make their parents proud. This makes kids with different talents or skills to underestimate themselves. In conclusion, it is essential that our parents give their kids more heartily encouragement. And that it is necessary that we change the exam-oriented educational system to cultivate our students into individuals with self-esteem. II.GuidedWriting Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假如你是某校學(xué)生會(huì)委員，在學(xué)校組織了一項(xiàng)有2000多名學(xué)生參與的“有煩惱向誰傾訴”的調(diào)查活動(dòng)。請寫一份調(diào)查報(bào)告，內(nèi)容須包括下表內(nèi)容以及你對調(diào)查結(jié)果的看法。要求：題目自擬字?jǐn)?shù)：120150求助對象比例理由同學(xué)、朋