考研英語(yǔ)詞匯：Lesson11筆記

1、LessonllAccelerate=speed up 力口速speed up 好壞者B有 quicker/moreAccelerationBetter=improveWorse=destroyed=weaken例句：supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of lifeimagine=envisagevisionimage圖像形象=印象imagine 想象區(qū)向：Its hard to imagine that many people are dumb=stupid enough to want chi

2、ldren just because Reese and Angelina make it look soglamorous 光軍的imagination 想象力imaginative有想象力的envisage en+ vis+ age 展望面又寸 想象例句:explore 開(kāi)發(fā),探索 the many possibilities we can envisageenvision 想象 預(yù)見(jiàn) 展望例句:Thats because Congress has always envisioned=expect joint 聯(lián) 合的 federal-state immigration enforceme

3、nt 執(zhí)法will be decorated withwill be decorated withHamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, theBanquo Banqueting Room, and so forth （小并歹I，閱讀中的無(wú)效信息），and will be very expensive.orn-表示裝飾的詞根ornate華麗的ornament 裝飾物 ornamentationadorn 裝飾adornment裝飾品例句：The fashion industry knows （that） it has an inherent proble

4、m in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types.liberal/illiberalLegal illegalliberal自由的，開(kāi)朗的, 自由主義者liberal arts人文藝術(shù)（偏重文科教學(xué)）liberal arts education 文學(xué)liberty自由,解放liberalism自由主義illiberal吝嗇的，小心眼的（重利的）例句:The AAAS displays great enthusiasm = passion 熱情 for liberaleducation文科教育彳列句：Although mor

5、e than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a10non-specialist liberal-arts degree 文科學(xué)位 before embarking on aprofessional qualification形近詞literal照字面的literacy有文化，識(shí)字literature 文學(xué)例句：His concern is mainly with the humanities 人文科學(xué)：litera

6、ture, languages, philosophy and so on.Abstract 抽象的/abstractionAdj.抽象的n.摘要v.提取ab- abs-離去或者語(yǔ)氣加強(qiáng)tract-作為詞根有拉出tractor拖拉機(jī)extract就是提取，剝離attract 吸弓| 拉出來(lái),SiSSe=appeal=seducedistract拉開(kāi)，分心contract co con 一起，把兩個(gè)人拉到一起,簽合同?？家馑季褪浅橄蟮?1an abstract idea=concept 概念Elegant高雅的 日egancy 高雅例句:People are absorbed into “a c

7、ulture of consumption launched by the 19th-century department stores （后置定語(yǔ)）that offered ”vast arrays=a lot of goods in an elegant 高雅的 atmosphere/7 Elevate 提升日evator電梯Elevating 高雅的二elegant例句：Immigrants are quickly fitting into 融入 this common 群眾 culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is ha

8、rdly poisonous=harmful.醫(yī)療健康類(lèi)詞匯unhealthy/healthhealth 健康=well-beinghealthy健康的例句：pose no threat to his safety or well-beingunhealthydiagnosis12名詞診斷Diagnostic診斷的，判斷的Reduce二change from A to B例句:Now a pink slip 失業(yè),a bad diagnosis , or a disappearing spouse 酉己彳禺 can reduce a family from solidly mid-class

9、to newly poo r in a few months.medicine（medical）medical treatment 藥物治療medicine 藥物（相對(duì)更加廣泛,處方,）medication藥物 藥物治療（多指醫(yī)生開(kāi)的處方藥）Med/mid表示中間的，調(diào)節(jié)的mediate調(diào)停調(diào)節(jié)斡旋mediate a meeting between A and Bmedium中間的,中等的，媒介例句:That would probably be more than enough 綽綽有余的 for any medium-sized city even in the hottest summer

10、treatment13treat招待，款待it s my treat我請(qǐng)客treat him well好好招呼他treatment 治療under treatment （處于治療中）和under-treatment （處理缺乏，不到位）Under development 處于開(kāi)展中Under-development 欠興旺的例句：she is under treatment她處于治療中例句:It identifies 辨明 the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive過(guò)度的 use of Ineffectual and forced medica

11、l procedures that mayas the twinprolong and even dishonor the period of dying 定從problems of end-of-life care 臨終關(guān)懷.Epidemic 流彳亍病/cancer/diabetes/obesityheart attack 心臟病cold catch a coldflu流感 bird flu禽流感euthanasia 安樂(lè)死obesity = overweightdiabetes 糖尿病 diabetic 糖尿病患者 diabeticsepidemic流行病流行的例句：Now mpia 烏托

12、邦 has grown unfashionable, as=because have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing usz14from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change.Nutrition 營(yíng)養(yǎng)Mal-nutrition 營(yíng)養(yǎng)不劃under-nutrition 營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良PracticeMal-practice違規(guī)操作例句:At the start of the 20th century, under-nutrition and ch

13、ildhood infections 感染 got in the way.Gene/genetic/genome/generate/generationGene 基因Genetic遺傳的Generation 一代人產(chǎn)生Generate 產(chǎn)生15正面社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類(lèi)Independence 獨(dú)立性depend on 依賴(lài) rely on base ondependent依賴(lài)的dependency 依賴(lài)性Dependenceindependent例句：Q The White House claims that its power 權(quán)利 of enforcement 執(zhí)法is dependent on t

14、he states support （用常識(shí)可以判斷錯(cuò)誤的 選項(xiàng)）distinctiondistinct清楚的,明了的，清楚的（偶爾表示有差異的）distinctive有差另的（different from others ）,有特色的distinction 區(qū)另!榮譽(yù)=honor例 句 :No clear-cut=obvious distinction can be drawn betweenprofessionals 專(zhuān)家 and amateurs 業(yè)余愛(ài)好者 in sciencedistinguish分辨（考試中常出現(xiàn)）distinguish A from B 把 A 和 B 區(qū)分開(kāi)dis

15、tinguish oneself as ooo 因而有名氣 be famous forCritical thinking/mind 批判性思維例句:One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing between facts 事實(shí) and opinions 看法/facts from opinionsextinct extinguish extinction 滅絕（物種-環(huán)保相關(guān)素材）Eliminate 消滅 elimination例句:The campaign to eliminate alphab

16、etisr still has a long way to go go extinct=die outextinguish 熄滅例句：If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed 未告知的 citizenry 公民權(quán) will extinguish the precious embers 灰燼,余暉 of medical progress.AlexInformed citizenry 公民知情權(quán)Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him a

17、s a man who iscapable of=able to turning the Philharmonic 爰樂(lè)樂(lè)團(tuán) into a markedly 顯著地 different, more vibrant 有舌力的 organization 樂(lè)隊(duì).4. remark(remarkable)markRemark=review 話(huà)語(yǔ)評(píng)論Remarkable二marked顯著的,非凡的(值得關(guān)注的)consider 考慮/considerable 大量的it is remarkable that.例句：Owing to 歸因于/因?yàn)?the remarkable development in

18、 mass-communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas人文科技類(lèi)詞匯科學(xué)科技類(lèi)詞匯hypothesis/theoryhypo-作為詞根,向下的 有時(shí)候偏負(fù)面（hypocrisy虛偽）thesis是理論的意思，而理論的下面就應(yīng)該是一個(gè)假設(shè)（沒(méi)有被印證，還是假想階段）under the hypothesis of= under the precondition of 在.前提之下thesis （可以指論文的意思）和theory基本上可以通

19、用彳列句:In the internet age, at least in theory, this fraction = part can be much reduced.（中文翻譯是理論上說(shuō)）science/technology 科技（AI-data protection ）這個(gè)基本上不用多說(shuō)，都知道ScientificScientistHigh-tech industryTechnician技工（高級(jí)）科幻片 science& fiction movieAcademic 學(xué)術(shù)的/practical 實(shí)用的 knowledgeacademy學(xué)院（學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)）school學(xué)院同義詞 facul

20、ty institution schoolAcademic學(xué)術(shù)的和practical有明顯區(qū)別彳列 句 ：Traditional tests best assess 評(píng) 估 analytical and verbal skills（academic knowledge） but faj| t0 measure creativity and practical knowledge , components 零件/元素（同位語(yǔ)）also critical to problemsolving and life success.（后置定語(yǔ)）profession 職業(yè)二elite 精英 反 amateu

21、rprofessor 教授professional專(zhuān)業(yè)的 amateur業(yè)余愛(ài)好者Profession =occupation 職業(yè)（career 職業(yè)生涯/job/work 工作（量）/occupation ）Find a job first, then choose your career.先就業(yè)，再擇業(yè)compete/competitive 有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的/competitioncompete 競(jìng)爭(zhēng) + withcompetitor競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者=rival （有敵意的,hostile有敵意的）例句：For the time, attention, and money of the art-lovi

22、ng public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded 唱片 performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century.EducationalEducation educatorEducational有教育意義的novel/noveltyNovel = new小說(shuō)，新穎的no

23、velist小說(shuō)家 fiction （小說(shuō)，更多偏向科幻類(lèi)）novelty新穎，新奇的事物novel application 倉(cāng)新應(yīng)用例句：Sometimes years are required for truly novel discovery claims to be accepted and appreciated.machine/mechanical 機(jī)械的machinery不可數(shù)，是機(jī)器的總稱(chēng)machine 可數(shù) device 機(jī)械mechanical 機(jī)械的mechanic技工，機(jī)修工Mechanism=system 機(jī)制（常考詞）例句：An important factor i

24、n a market-oriented economy js the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers.automate/automaticauto 汽車(chē)automatic 自動(dòng)的,自動(dòng)化 robot roboticMid-classlO.Empirical中性詞（experimental）empire 帝王,帝國(guó)empirical經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的，憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，依據(jù)觀察的11. paradox矛盾例句:Two paradoxes exist throughout this

25、 credibility process.取信過(guò) 程出版類(lèi)常見(jiàn)詞匯Reviewer審核員/評(píng)論家view review reviewer 評(píng)論家，評(píng)論員peer review 同業(yè)審查（discovery claim ）Peer pressure 朋輩壓力例句:Researchers should improve their standards he wrote in 2012z but journals （學(xué)術(shù)）期刊 should also take a tougher line=standard, （by） engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and edit