中國傳統(tǒng)文化-二十四節(jié)氣(英文2022新版)

1、中國傳統(tǒng)文化-二十四節(jié)氣介紹Chinese Traditional Culture 24 Solar Terms24 Solar Terms IntroductionThe 24 solar terms, based on the suns position in the zodiac, were created by farmers in ancient China to guide the agricultural affairs and farming activities. The 24 solar terms reflect the changes in climate, natur

2、al phenomena, agricultural production, and other aspects of human life, including clothing, food, housing, and transportation. The 24 solar terms play important roles and have greatly influenced peoples basic needs in life, and they still have an important function nowadays.IntroductionOriginAs earl

3、y as the Spring and Autumn Period(770476 BC), Chinese ancestors had already established two major solar terms, ri nan zhi (日南至 Sun South Most) and ri bei zhi (日北至 Sun North Most).As of the end of the Warring states Period(475221 BC), eight key solar terms (Beginning of Spring, Spring Equinox, Beginn

4、ing of Summer, Summer Solstice, Beginning of Autumn, Autumn Equinox, Beginning of Winter and Winter Solstice) marking the four seasons, were established according to the different positions of the sun and changes in natural phenomena.The rest of the solar terms were initiated in the Western Han Dyna

5、sty(206 BC24 AD). Hence most terms refer to the climate of Xian, capital of the Han Dynasty.MeaningThe solar terms known as Beginning of Spring, Beginning of Summer, Beginning of Autumn, and Beginning of Winter are used to reflect the change of seasons, dividing the year into four seasons of exactly

6、 three months. The solar terms of Spring Equinox, Autumn Equinox, Summer Solstice andWinter solsticeare divided from an astronomical aspect, reflecting the turning point of the variation of the altitude of the sun. Minor Heat, Major Heat, End of Heat, Minor Cold, and Major Cold reflect the changes o

7、f temperature in different periods.Pure Brightness, Rain Water, Grain Rain, Minor Snow, and Major Snow, White Dew, Cold Dew, and Frosts Descent reflect the phenomenon of precipitation, indicating the time and intensity of rainfall, snowfall, dew, and frost.Grain Buds and Grain in Ear reflect the mat

8、urity and harvest time of crops, while Awakening of Insects reflects observed insect activity. Feb . 3 , 4 or 5Beginning of Spring is the first one of twenty-four solar terms . From this day on， the days get longer and the weather gets warmer. Custom of eating spring rolls and cakes is popular on th

9、is day. Feb 18 , 19 or 20 Rain Water ranks the second of twenty-four solar terms ,and it usually comes betwen Feb 18, 19 or 20.From now on, the rainfall is increasing more and more, and ice and snow become to melt; beside the temperature is also rising up. Awakening of Insects ，On this day thunder w

10、akes and arouses the animals that hide and solitude in the soil and earth. From the day on, weather grows warmer and warmer, and spring thunders come to emerge. Mar . 5 , 6 or 7 Mar . 20 ,21 or 22Spring Equinox,the length of day and night is almost equal on this day. People will do the egg test and

11、taste some spring vegetables.Apr . 4 ,5 or 6Pure Brightness is an important traditional festival in china. People can take part in some activities, such as going out, sweeping the graves, flying kites, etc. Apr . 19 , 20 , or 21Grain Rain ranks the 6th of all solar terms.During this period, the rain

12、fall is increasing and the cereal crops grow fast.May . 5 , 6 or 7Beginning of Summer marks the arrival of summer. From the day on, it will be hotter and hohter and the rainfall is sharply increasing.May . 20 , 21 or 22Grain Buds, at this time, rice begin to grow ear. In the south farmers will enter

13、 the season of harvest and sowing.Jun . 5 , 6 or 7Grain in Ear, in this period, wheat has been ripe. Peasants start to sow rice. Yangtze River region in China will enter the rainy season.Jun . 21 or 22Summer Solstice, this Festival is also an important featival in the ancient society of china. It ha

14、s the similar meaning to Dragon Boat Festival. Temperature is increasing sharply.Jul . 6 , 7 or 8Minor Heat, it marks the beginning of the hot weather, but not the hottest.The rainy season will come to an end in Huaihe River Valley. Midsummer is coming and the temperature will rise.,Jul . 22 , 23 or

15、 24 Major Heat Is the hottest period of the year, and the temperature is the highest. Peasants are busy with the harvest of crops. Aug . 7 , 8 or 9Beginning of Autumn ,it suggests hot summer will soon be over and the autumn will come soon. The leaves will become yellow and fall down. Aug . 22 , 23 o

16、r 24End of Heat, it suggests that summer heat formally terminates and the temperature gradually goes down. Sep .7 , 8 or 9White Dew, it is becoming cooler. People will find there are many dews and leaves on the ground in the early morning and in the evening people feel cool.Sep . 22 , 23 or 24Autumn

17、 Equinox, it suggests that half of the autumn has passed away and the day and night have the same length on that day. Oct . 8 or 9 Cold Dew, the temperature is much lower than that of the Autumn Equinox. The original white and glistening dew on the ground is about to condense into frost. Oct . 23 or

18、 24Frosts Descent, it suggests that the weather is getting colder and frost will come into being. Its the last solar term of the fall. Plants stop growing except cold-resistant ones. Nov . 7 or 8Beginning of Winter, it tells us winter will come soon. Peasants and farmers should cover up the crops an

19、d grains after the harvest. Cold and substantial low temperature is coming. Nov . 22 or 23Minor Snow, the temperature will fall more than before. In North China the temperature will gradually drop to below 0 , and then begin to snow. Dec . 6 , 7 or 8Major Snow, It comes after Light Snow. Weather in

20、the northern regions will be affected by cold air, so heavy snow often appears, causing snow accumulation on the ground.Dec . 22 , 23 or 24Winter Solstice, it marks the coming of winter. On this day, in North China, people usually eat dumplings.Jan . 5 , 6 or 7 Minor Cold, it marks the beginning of

21、the coldest days of the year. Jan . 20 or 22Major Cold, this solar term ranks the last of all, and its also the last one solar term in winter. At this time most parts of China are experiencing the coldest period of the year. Now you can:Talk about Chinese Solar Terms Introduce Chinese Festivals to o

22、thersDownload Winter Olympics 2022 VIDEONoSolar TermsChineseMonth and DateRemarks1Beginning of Springl chn立春Feb 4thA dubiously premature name, as its not the beginning of spring in most of China; only in the extreme south.2Rain Watery shu雨水Feb 19thThere is an increase of rainfall from then on.3Awake

23、ning of Insectsjng zh驚蟄Mar 5thThunder begins and hibernating insects wake up.4Spring Equinoxchn fn春分Mar 20stWith an equal length of day and night.5Pure Brightnessqng mng 清明Apr 4thIt is clear and bright (when its not raining), and the weather becomes noticeably warmer. A misnomer, particularly in sou

24、thern China.6Grain Raing y谷雨Apr 19thThe early crops show their shoots.7Beginning of Summerl xi立夏May 5thThe beginning of summer (in southern China).8Grain Budsxio mn小滿May 21stThe seeds of summer crops begin to become plump, but are not yet ripe.9Grain in Earmng zhng 芒種Jun 6thThe wheat becomes ripe; a

25、nd the summer planting starts (in southern China).10Summer Solsticexi zh夏至Jun 21stThe daytime is the longest and the nighttime is the shortest of the year.11Minor Heatxio sh小暑Jul 7thThe beginning of the hottest period.12Major Heatd sh大暑Jul 23rdIt is the time of year when the duration of the sunshine

26、 is the longest, the average temperature is the highest, the rainfall is the greatest, and the thunderstorms are the most frequent (in some parts of northern China).24 Solar Terms Introduction In 2022Beginning of SpringRain WaterAwakening of InsectsSpring EquinoxPure BrightnessGrain RainNoSolar Term

27、sChineseMonth and DateRemarks13Beginning of Autumnl qi 立秋Aug 7thAn anomaly: nowhere is this true. Like the start of spring it is about a month premature.14End of Heatch sh 處暑A(yù)ug 23rdThe end of the hot summer.15White Dewbi l 白露Sep 7thThe transition from summer to autumn. The temperature drops sharply

28、, and the autumn rains come.16Autumn Equinoxqi fn 秋分Sep 23rdWith an equal length of day and night.17Cold Dewhn l 寒露Oct 8thThe weather becomes cold enough to reach dew point, but not cold enough to reach frost point.18Frosts Descentshung jing 霜降Oct 23rdThe weather becomes cold and frost begins to form (in North China).19Beginn