定語從句學案

1、 定語從句考點解讀：一、定義：從句作定語，修飾名詞、代詞，這樣的從句叫定語從句。二、定語從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語從句作定語放在先行詞的前面。如果要表達：我喜歡那個漂亮的女孩。 如果要表達：那個喜歡我的女孩。只能借助于定語從句the girl who loves me.其中the girl即為定語從句的先行詞，而 who即為定語從句的關而。三、關系詞：指人： who、whom關系代詞Y指物：which、as（作主賓表）L指人和物：that,whose關系濟表時間：whenj關系副詞| 表地點：where（作狀） 表原因：why1、who指人，who在從句中當主語。He who has not

2、 reached the Great Wall isn tatiUemon好漢。The teacher spoke at the meeting just now is having a rest in his office.? 作主語時不能省略，作賓語時可省略。2、whom指人，是who的賓格形式，在從句中作賓語，前面沒有介詞時,可用 who/that來代替，也可 省略。The girlI like isn t here now.中文意思： -The doctor with she went to the United States last month is very famous.中文意

3、思：The person you met yesterday is our Chinese teacher.3、 whose指誰的，或某物的，在從句中作修飾詞。whose和它所修飾的名詞在定語從句中可作主語及動詞或介詞的賓語。The girl father is a doctor is our classmate.You re the only oneadvice he might listen . to中文意思： I d like a room window looks out over the sea.中文意思：4、that在從句中作主語或賓語，既可以指人又可以指物；作賓語時可以省略。Sh

4、e is the very person (that) I want to see at once.中文意思：A plane is a machinecan fly.中文意思：_zzzzzz_5、which在從句中作主語或是賓語，只能指物；West Lakelies in Hangzhou is one of the most famous lakes in China.中文意思：The coat () I put on the desk is black.6、as當先行詞有such , so , the same等修飾時，關系代詞要用as ； as在從句中可作主語，賓 語和表語。e.g. 1

5、) . I have never seen such a kind girl as she is .2) . He is such a good teacher ( so good a teacher ) as every student respects .X但在以下兩種情況下有區(qū)別：.as從句可位于句首(或主句前),而which從句只能在主句后。e.g. is often the case , we have worked out the production plan .A . Which B . When C . What D . Asthat, which可以在從句中當主語或賓語，當

6、賓語時可以省略。whom在從句中是當賓語的，也可以省略。但是，當以上關系詞前面有介詞時，就不能省略A）指人時who, whom, that這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞， 把以下兩個句子合并成一句：I thank the woman.The woman helps me a lot.The man was Jone .I saw him.TShe was the woman .I told you about her.She was the woman (who whom that) I told you about .徽介詞賓語)/She was the woman about whom

7、 I told you.介詞后只能用賓格)B)指物時which, that它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等, 把以下兩個句子合并成一句：A prosperity appears in the countryside.A prosperity had never been seen before .A prospehty which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.農村出現(xiàn)了 前所 未有的繁榮。(which /that在句中作主語). Where is the book I b

8、ought last week?A. For which B. that C. who D. as.The place interested me most was the Childrens Palace.A. which B. where C. what D. in whichC) Whose用來指人或物，(只用作定語，若指物，它還可以同of which互換)， 例如：They rushed over to help the man. His car had broken down.那人車壞了，大家都跑過 去幫忙。It there anyone in your class family i

9、s in the country?A. who B. whos C. which D. whosethat與which的區(qū)分A)指物或人時宜用that的情況：? 先行詞是不定代詞 all, everything, nothing, anything, much, little, few 等時Is there anything (that) you don t understand?All that can be done has been done.? 先行詞被 all, every, any, no, little, much 等修飾時，I want to read all the book

10、s were written by Lu Xun.? 先行詞被序數(shù)詞及形容詞最高級修飾時This is the best book () I have ever read.This is one of the best films I have ever seen.This is the best can be done now.? 先行詞被 the only, the very, the last, the same 修飾時，如果是人時，可以用who/whom來代替。He is the only personcan help you out.中文意思：-This is one of the

11、very book that I am looking for.中文意思：?當先行詞既指人又指物時。We are talking about the people and the things () we have visited in this country.中文意思：我們正在談論在這個國家所見過的人和事。? 主句是以who, what, which開頭的特殊問句時。Who is the person is making this lecture?是誰在做報告？（二）關系副詞： when, where, why關系副詞可代替的先行詞是 電叫、地點或理由的名詞,在從句中作 狀語。1關系副詞的

12、用法：. when指時間，在從句中作時間狀語，它的先行詞通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year等。如：I still remember the time I first became a college student.Do you know the date Lincoln was born?練習：Do you know the year the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. which B. that C. when D. on which. where指地點，在從句中作地點狀語。它的先行詞通常有：

13、place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country 等， 如：This is the hotel they are staying.I forget the house the Smiths lived.練習：Great changes have taken place since then in the factory we are working.A. where B. that C. which D. there. why指原因或理由，它的先行詞只有reasono如:That is the reason he is leaving

14、so soon.注：why時常也可以省略。如：That is the real reason he did it.請分析一下定語從句：（請劃出定語從句，并標出先行詞）Check the ways you study for an English test.Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar.You couldn t understandople who talked fast.I have some ideas that may help.They said something you didn t lik

15、e.Can you think of any problems you have had recently?He would always take pride in everything good I do.My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey?If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me.Standing very close

16、 to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries.If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them.All I ever wanted to do was traveling.實戰(zhàn)演練:一、請?zhí)顚懚ㄕZ從句的關系詞：Please pass me the cartoon book has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.Whenever he was late, he could find plenty of excus

17、es sounded reasonable.-What are you looking for?-I m looking for the bookyou lent me yesterday.Tony, tell me the result of the discussion you had with your dad yesterday.The book I bought yesterday is lost.The river is in front of my village is quite clean.Mount Wuyi lies in the north of Fujian is f

18、amous for its mountains.-Do you know the girl is dancing over there?-Yes. She is Tom s sister.Success will belong to those never say impossible ” .The first thing my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.-Is there anyone here name is Betty?-Sorry, I don t know.All the students c

19、ome from Class Five will visit the History Museum.I love the “Super Girl Li Yuchun is beautiful and sings well.The athlete to you talked is a famous runner.The young woman skirt is white is our English teacher Miss Yang.二.填寫適當?shù)年P系詞-Do you know the man is talking with your father?-Yes, he s our headma

20、ster.Is this the river I can swim?This is the best hotel in the city I know.My watch is not the only thing is missing.The man coat is black is waiting at the gateThe girl is reading under the tree my sister.I love places the people are really friendly.三.用適當?shù)年P系代詞that, which, who, whom 填空。The first thing you must do is to have a meal.April 1st is the day is called April Fool s Day in the west.The family had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.The house we live in is very old.Didn t you see the man I talked with just now?四、翻譯我們在醫(yī)院一直照顧take care of的老太太死了 .你想娶marry的姑娘昨大偷