考點(diǎn)13-推理判斷之推斷文章走勢(shì)-講考點(diǎn)-胸有成竹（教師版）

1、考點(diǎn)13-推理判斷之推斷文章走勢(shì)-講考點(diǎn)-胸有成竹【2023年高考命題預(yù)測(cè)】推理判斷之推斷文章走勢(shì)考點(diǎn)是高考中可能考的考點(diǎn)。在當(dāng)今高考的新改革時(shí)代，考查 學(xué)生的預(yù)測(cè)推斷是新課標(biāo)中的要求，但在高考中出現(xiàn)的不多。全面?zhèn)淇际侨f全之策。預(yù)測(cè)在 2023高考中，推斷文章走勢(shì)有可能在高考閱讀理解中呈現(xiàn)?！就评砼袛嘀A(yù)測(cè)推斷題考點(diǎn)指南】規(guī)律方法： 常見的設(shè)問方式：What will be discussed further in the coming paragraph?What may the researchers do next according to the last paragraph?. Wh

2、at would the author most probably discuss next?Where does the article go next?What would the following paragraph talk about? 規(guī)律方法：如何解決預(yù)測(cè)推斷題？有些題目要求根據(jù)語篇，對(duì)事件可能的結(jié)局或下一段可能涉及的內(nèi)容等進(jìn)行猜想推理。做 此類題目時(shí)，務(wù)必把握作者的寫作思路，如文章可能按事件開展的經(jīng)過描寫，也可能按因 果關(guān)系、比照關(guān)系來表達(dá)，從而做出比擬科學(xué)的、合情合理的預(yù)測(cè)判斷。特別要注意文章 最后一段的內(nèi)容及最后幾句話?？祭治觯骸緩V東省茂名市五校聯(lián)盟2021-2022學(xué)

3、年高三上學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考】Hello!” You type into the chat box. Theres a slight feeling of excitement flowing through your fingers, and you cant wait for a reply. You think, “Theres probably nothing more exciting than this.”With communication from all comers of the world possible at the ease of your fingers, we are

4、 now witness to an advanced form of the hand shake and physical conversations: online friendships.Alarmingly, according to Internet Safety 101, almost half of young adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent posting their own real names and identification online and 58 percent thi

5、nking it doesnt cause concern. And though some parents may be biting their fingernails in fear right now, more than half of the youth have admitted to making their friends online and a good majority regularly text them.Though the statistics are daunting, we hope, we havent scared you off! Researcher

6、s actually found that pursuing online friendships could be beneficial. Penn State University reported that this was especially the case for those with social anxiety, as they might form a stronger comfort bond with their peers through the screen rather than a face-to-face meeting.Additionally, onlin

7、e interaction may increase your self-confidence. In our current situation of isolation, perhaps that perfect connection from the safety of our homes is all it takes to make things just a little more bearable.In the end, it all depends on you. Whether or not your search for a friend bears fruit lies

8、in your approach, and though Im not a great relationship master, I have some tips that will aid you in your exploration for the BFF of your dreams.What can we infer from the third paragraph? A. The youth often meet online friends in reality.B , Most Internet users like texting to their online friend

9、s.C. Many parents like biting fingernails when worried.D. Most young adults lack awareness of Internet safety.Which can replace the underlined word daunting in Paragraph 4?A. Disappointing.B. Misleading.C. Frightening.D. Dissatisfying.Whats the authors attitude to making friends on the Internet?A. O

10、bjective.B. Supportive.C. Negative.D. Unclear.What do you think the text will talk about next?A. How to get on well with online friends.B. How to find online best friends.C. How to keep in touch with online friends.D. How to benefit from dream online friends.【答案】1. D2. C3. A4. B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章通過場(chǎng)景描寫引

11、入本文話題網(wǎng)上交友。首先陳述了很多 年輕人網(wǎng)上交友的現(xiàn)狀以及家長(zhǎng)對(duì)此的擔(dān)憂，然后通過一個(gè)研究證明，網(wǎng)上交友也是有益的。 1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Alarmingly, according to Internet Safety 101, almost half of young adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent posting their own real names and identification online and 58 percent thinking it doesnt cause co

12、ncern.（據(jù)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)平安 101”調(diào) 查顯示，令人擔(dān)憂的是，近一半的年輕成年用戶曾收到過令人不快的信息，其中92%的人 曾在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布過實(shí)名和身份信息，58%的人認(rèn)為這沒什么可擔(dān)憂的戶可推斷，大多數(shù)年輕人 缺乏互聯(lián)網(wǎng)平安意識(shí)。應(yīng)選D。2.詞句猜想題。根據(jù)第三段中“Alarmingly, according to Internet Safety 101, almost half of young adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent posting their own real names and identi

13、fication online and 58 percent thinking it doesnt cause concern.（據(jù)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)平安 101”調(diào) 查顯示，令人擔(dān)憂的是，近一半的年輕成年用戶曾收到過令人不快的信息，其中92%的人 曾在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布過實(shí)名和身份信息，58%的人認(rèn)為這沒什么可擔(dān)憂的戶以及畫線詞后文“we hope, we haven11 scared you off!俄們希望我們沒有把你嚇跑）”可知，數(shù)據(jù)說明大多數(shù)年輕人 缺乏互聯(lián)網(wǎng)平安意識(shí)，可見這些數(shù)據(jù)是令人害怕的。A. Disappointing.令人失望的；B. Misleading.誤導(dǎo)的；C. Frightening.

14、令人害怕的；D. Dissatisfying.令人不滿意的。應(yīng)選C。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Alairningly, according to Internet Safety 101, almost half of young adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent posting their own real names and identification online and 58 percent thinking it doesnt cause concern.（據(jù)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)平安 101”調(diào) 查顯示，令人

15、擔(dān)憂的是，近一半的年輕成年用戶曾收到過令人不快的信息，其中92%的人 曾在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布過實(shí)名和身份信息，58%的人認(rèn)為這沒什么可擔(dān)憂的廣以及第四段中 Researchers actually found that pursuing online friendships could be beneficial. Penn State University reported that this was especially the case for those with social anxiety, as they might form a stronger comfort bond with th

16、eir peers through the screen rather than a face-to-face meeting.（研究人員實(shí)際上發(fā)現(xiàn)，追求網(wǎng)絡(luò)友誼可能是有益的。賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)報(bào)告稱， 這對(duì)那些有社交焦慮的人來說尤其如此，因?yàn)樗麄兛赡軙?huì)通過屏幕與同齡人形成更強(qiáng)的舒適 聯(lián)系，而不是面對(duì)面的見面）”以及通讀全文可知，文章介紹了網(wǎng)上交友的缺點(diǎn)和優(yōu)點(diǎn)，表述 客觀，無明顯個(gè)人情感傾向，所以是客觀的。應(yīng)選A。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whether or not your search for a friend bears fruit lies in your approach, a

17、nd though Fm not a great relationship master, I have some tips that will aid you in your exploration for the BFF of your dreams.（你尋找朋友的過程是否有結(jié)果取決于你的方法，雖 然我不是一個(gè)很好的人際關(guān)系專家，但我有一些建議可以幫助你探索你夢(mèng)想中的“最好的朋 友”）”可推知，文章接下來會(huì)給出一些關(guān)于如何在網(wǎng)上找好朋友的建議。應(yīng)選B?！驹囶}精練】1.【河北省邯鄲市十校2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考】Restricting meals to early in th

18、e day did not affect weight among overweight adults with prediabetes or diabetes, according to research presented at the American Heart Associations Scientific Sessions 2020.“We have wondered fbr a long time if when one eats during the day affects the way the body uses and stores energy,said study a

19、uthor Nisa M. Maruthur, associate professor of medicine in Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. Most previous studies have not controlled the number of calories, so it wasnt clear if people who ate earlier just ate fewer calories. In this study, the only thing we changed was the time of day of eat

20、ing.”Maruthur and the colleagues followed 41 overweight adults in a 12-week study. Most participants （90%） were African American women with prediabetes or diabetes, and average age of 59 years. Twenty-one of the adults followed a time restricted eating pattern, limiting eating to specific hours of t

21、he day and ate 80% of their calories before 1 pm. The remaining 20 participants ate at usual times during a 12-hour window, consuming half of their daily calories after 5 pm for the entire 12 weeks. All participants consumed the same pre-prepared, healthy meals provided for the study. Weight and blo

22、od pressure were measured at the beginning of the study, then at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks.The analysis found that people in both groups lost weight and had decreased blood pressureregardless of when they ate. We thought that the time restricted group would lose more weight J Maruthur said. Yet

23、that didnt happen. We did not see any differences in weight loss fbr those who ate most of their calories earlier versus later in the day. We did not see any effects on blood pressure either.The researchers are now collecting more detailed information on blood pressure recorded over 24 hours, and th

24、ey will be compiling this information with the results of a study on the effects of time-restricted feeding on blood sugar, insulin and other hormones and making analyses on the findings. Together, these findings will help us to more fully understand the effects of time-restricted eating on cardiome

25、tabolie health J Maruthur said.1. What made the study different from earlier ones?A. Participants5 age.C. The number of participants.2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?The research procedure.C. The research purpose.Participants9 daily eating time.D. The research members.B , The research result.D. T

26、he research institution.3 . What can we learn from the study?A. Blood pressure is connected with eating time.B , Absorbing less calories earlier makes for weight loss.Eating time determines the effect of losing weight.Taking in calories earlier doesnt impact weight loss.What may the researchers do n

27、ext according to the last paragraph?A. Stop research.B. Announce findings.C. Analyze data.D. Write essays.【答案】1. B2. A3. D4. C【解析】本篇是說明文。主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究說明，能量攝入時(shí)間的早晚對(duì)減肥沒有什 么影響。文章介紹了研究過程以及研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“In this study, the only thing we changed was the time of day of eating.(在這項(xiàng)研究中，我們唯一改變的是一天中吃飯的時(shí)間廣可知

28、，參與者每日進(jìn)食時(shí)間讓 這項(xiàng)研究與之前的研究不同。應(yīng)選B。.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Maruthur and the colleagues followed 41 overweight adults in a 12-week study. Most participants (90%) were African American women with prediabetes or diabetes, and average age of 59 years. Twenty-one of the adults followed a time restricted eating pattern, l

29、imiting eating to specific hours of the day and ate 80% of their calories before 1 pm. The remaining 20 participants ate at usual times during a 12-hour window, consuming half of their daily calories after 5 pm for the entire 12 weeks. All participants consumed the same pre-prepared, healthy meals p

30、rovided for the study. Weight and blood pressure were measured at the beginning of the study, then at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks.（ Mamthur 和他的同事在一項(xiàng)為期 12 周的 研究中跟蹤了 41名超重的成年人。大多數(shù)參與者（90%）是患有糖尿病前期或糖尿病的非 裔美國(guó)女性，平均年齡為59歲。21名成年人遵循時(shí)間限制飲食模式，限制在一天的特定時(shí) 間內(nèi)進(jìn)食，在下午1點(diǎn)前攝入80%的卡路里。剩下的20名參與者在12小時(shí)的時(shí)間段內(nèi)照 常進(jìn)食，在12周的時(shí)間里，下

31、午5點(diǎn)后攝入的熱量占每日攝入熱量的一半。所有的參與者 都食用為研究提供的相同的預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備好的健康食物。在研究開始時(shí)測(cè)量體重和血壓，然后在 4周、8周和12周測(cè)量體重和血壓廣可知，第三段主要講的是研究過程。應(yīng)選A。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“We thought that the time restricted group would lose more weight J Maruthur said. Yet that didnt happen. We did not see any differences in weight loss for those who ate most of thei

32、r calories earlier versus later in the day. We did not see any effects on blood pressure either/XMaruthur說：“我們認(rèn)為有時(shí)間限制的那組人會(huì)減掉更多的體重。然而 這并沒有發(fā)生。我們沒有看到那些在一天的早些時(shí)候和晚些時(shí)候攝入大局部卡路里的人在減 肥方面有任何區(qū)別。我們也沒有看到對(duì)血壓有任何影響?！睉艨赏浦?，早吸收卡路里不會(huì)影 響減肥。應(yīng)選D。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“The researchers are now collecting more detailed information o

33、n blood pressure recorded over 24 hours, and they will be compiling this information with the results of a study on the effects of time-restricted feeding on blood sugar, insulin and other hormones and making analyses on the findings.（研究人員目前正在收集有關(guān)24小時(shí)內(nèi)記錄的 血壓的更詳細(xì)信息，他們將把這些信息與一項(xiàng)關(guān)于限時(shí)進(jìn)餐對(duì)血糖、胰島素和其他激素影響 的研究

34、結(jié)果結(jié)合起來，并對(duì)研究結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析）可推知，研究人員下一步可能分析數(shù)據(jù)。故 選C。2.【江蘇省常州市2021屆高三調(diào)研】On the way to his home the child turned many times and beat the dog,declaring with childish gestures that he held him in contempt（茂視）as an unimportant dog.the dog apologized for being this quality of animal and expressed regret in fine form

35、,but he continued stealthily to follow the child.When the child reached his door-step,the dog was a few yards behind,moving slowly toward him.He became so anxious with shame when ho again faced the child that he forgot the dragging rope . He tripped（絆彳到） upon it and fell forward.The child sat down o

36、n the step and the two had another interview. During it the dog greatly exerted himself to please the child. He performed a few playful jumps with such abandon（盡情 士也）that the child suddenly saw him to be a valuable thing. He made a swift,greedy charge（猛沖） and seized the rope.He dragged his captive（俘

37、虜）into a hall and up many long stairways in a dark building. The dog made willing efforts, but he could not walk very skillfully up the stairs because he was very small and soft,and at last the pace of the child grew so energetic that the dog became panic-stricken. In his mind he was being dragged t

38、oward somewhere unknown. His ayes grew wild with the terror of it. He began to wiggle his head wildly and to brace his legs.The child redoubled his efforts.They had a battle on the stairs.The child was victorious because he was completely absorbed in his purpose,and because the dog was very small.He

39、 dragged his acquirement to the door of his home,and finally with victory across the doorway.No family member was in.The child sat down on the floor and made overtures to（向示好） the dog.These the dog instantly accepted.He smiled with affection upon his new friend.In a short time they were firm and abi

40、ding（矢志不渝的）comrades.1 . What might have happened before the first paragraph?The child had wanted to own the dog for a long time.The dog had been someone elses pet but lost his way.The child had been looking for the lost dog for a long time.The dog had been driven out of home by the childs family.What directly made the boy change his mind?A. The dog*s apology.B , His first interview with the dog.C. His pity on the dog.D. The dog*s pleasing performance.Wh