高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 閱讀理解 15 生態(tài)環(huán)保類講義

1、專題十五生態(tài)環(huán)保類-2-(2018全國D)We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(裝置) well after they go out of style.Thats bad news for the environmentand our walletsas these outdated devices

2、consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.-3-To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its lifefrom when its minera

3、ls are mined to when we stop using the device.This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation.Desktop computers,basic mobile phones,and box-set TVs defined 1992.Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.And MP3 players,sm

4、art phones,and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002,before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.-4-As we accumulated more devices,however,we didnt throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room,and suddenly one day,you have a TV in every room of the hous

5、e,”said one researcher.The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.Were not just keeping these old deviceswe continue to use them.According to the analysis of Babbitts team,old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices w

6、ith their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions(排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.-5-So whats the solution(解決方案)?The teams data only went up to 2007,but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electroni

7、cs that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for world processing and TV viewing.They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.-6-32.What does the author think of new devices?A.They are environment-fr

8、iendly.B.They are no better than the old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of style quickly.33.Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new technology.D.To find out electricity consumption o

9、f the devices.34.Which of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-set TV.B.The tablet.C.The LCD TV.D.The desktop computer.-7-35.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.C.Upgrade them.D.Recycle them.-8-【文章結(jié)構(gòu)】 -9-【難點(diǎn)分析】The teams data

10、only went up to 2007,but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for world processing and TV viewing.這個團(tuán)隊(duì)的數(shù)據(jù)僅僅是到2007年,但是研究人員也在探討,如果消費(fèi)者用像兼有文字處理和電視觀看功能的直板電腦一樣的多功能電子產(chǎn)品替換舊產(chǎn)品的話,將會發(fā)生什么樣的情況?分析

11、:what would happen if consumers replaced.是虛擬語氣,使得作者的表述語氣委婉。-10-【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是議論文。當(dāng)我們購買了新的電子設(shè)備時,我們?nèi)匀皇褂门f的電子設(shè)備。其實(shí),舊電子設(shè)備耗費(fèi)的能源比新設(shè)備要多,從而損害我們的環(huán)境、浪費(fèi)我們的金錢。32.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Thats bad news for the environmentand our walletsas these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same t

12、hings”可知,過時的設(shè)備要比新設(shè)備消耗更多的能源,因此可推測出新設(shè)備對環(huán)境有好處。33.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt.tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life”可知,Babbitt和她的同事做這項(xiàng)研究是為了發(fā)現(xiàn)這些設(shè)備所消耗的能量,所以選D項(xiàng)。-11-34.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的最后一句“They found that more on-demand ent

13、ertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%”可知,B項(xiàng)使用的能量最少。35.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology.”以及第三段中的“As we accumulated more devices,however,we didnt throw out our old ones”可知,文章建議人們不要再使用舊的電子設(shè)備。

14、-12-A(2018北京朝陽二模)Dear Koko,Ive learned about you from my amazing teacher.I think its fun that you can communicate with us humans by using the sign language.Ive spent a lot of time watching you in different videos and love you from the bottom of my heart.-13-Its heartbreaking to learn about all of th

15、e cruel things done to gorillas (大猩猩).In Africa,for example,the killers use guns to kill your fellows for meat.They dont understand the influence their actions are having on gorillas.Another thing is the loss of gorillas natural home,which is caused by the improved infrastructure such as building ro

16、ads and airports.When we cut down trees,you become homeless.We take away your shelter and sources of food,leaving you with very little chance of survival.-14-Some of my classmates are writing to the relevant departments about these serious problems.Hopefully these letters will make a difference duri

17、ng your lifetime.Over the past three months,my class has been researching on gorillas,and Ive learned so many things.For example,Ive learned that you have a lot of feelings similar to mine and you are always so careful with everything you do.I think that you are really worth saving.Weve come up with

18、 many ideas to help you and your fellows.One of the best ideas is to communicate with the President of the World Bank and have him give more financial support to the organizations for gorillas.Another idea is to make public laws on the killers.I also think we need to keep educating people about gori

19、llas.-15-I love writing to you and hope you can understand how important youve become to our class.Would it be too much to ask for a return letter?【語篇解讀】本文是寫給大猩猩的一封信,信中講述了大猩猩當(dāng)前的悲慘遭遇及人類采取的保護(hù)措施。-16-1.According to the passage,Koko is probably .A.a killer of gorillasB.a member of the gorilla familyC.an

20、expert on gorillasD.a governor in charge of gorillas 答案解析解析關(guān)閉推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“I think its fun that you can communicate with us humans by using the sign language.”第二段“When we cut down trees,you become homeless.We take away your shelter and sources of food,leaving you with very little chance of survival.”第

21、三段“I think that you are really worth saving.”等信息可判斷收信人Koko可能是一只大猩猩,故選B項(xiàng)。 答案解析關(guān)閉B-17-2.What is mainly talked about in the second paragraph?A.The problems gorillas face at present.B.The danger gorillas cause for humans.C.The unique characteristic gorillas have.D.The natural environment gorillas live i

22、n. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“.all of the cruel things done to gorillas(大猩猩).In Africa,for example,the killers use guns to kill your fellows for meat. .Another thing is the loss of gorillas natural home.”等信息可知本段主要是描述了大猩猩當(dāng)前被捕殺和家園被破壞的不幸遭遇,故選A項(xiàng)。 答案解析關(guān)閉A-18-3.Which of the following is the authors suggestion ac

23、cording to this passage?A.Gorillas should be protected in nature reserves.B.Killers for gorillas should be legally responsible.C.Organizations should be set up to protect gorillas.D.People should make donations to gorilla protection. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Another idea is to make public laws on the k

24、illers.”可知作者建議制定關(guān)于殺害大猩猩兇手的法律,他們應(yīng)該為自己所做的事負(fù)法律責(zé)任。故選B項(xiàng)。 答案解析關(guān)閉B-19-B(2018河北石家莊二模)Though the harmful effects of plastic on wildlife and human health are well-documented,this material is hard to avoid.Nearly everything we touch,from grocery bags to drink bottles,to food packaging,contains plastic.Now,Amst

25、erdams Ekoplaza supermarket is making it a little easier for consumers to reduce consumption of single-use plastic bags and containers,which are blocking our landfills at alarming rates,with a special plastic-free aisle(通道).Believed to be the worlds first,the aisle has 700 products on sale including

26、 rice,beans,yogurt,chocolate milk,cereal,snacks and meat.-20-While items still require packaging,everything is housed inside reusable or recyclable containers made of glass,metal or cardboard.The unique idea was given to the grocery-chain officials by UK-based environmental group A Plastic Planet,wh

27、ich takes the lead to advocate for at least one plastic-free aisle in supermarkets around the globe.The non-profit has even created a signature “plastic-free” mark to help consumers identify eco-friendly packaging.“This is a consumer-led campaign,” said a group co-founder Sian Sutherland.“Were a gra

28、ssroots organization.So obviously were working with industry and the government,but most importantly,we represent the public.”-21-Ekoplaza,which plans to roll out the plastic-free aisles across its 74 stores by the end of the year,is not the only company trying to reduce plastic waste.In Berlin,the

29、Original Unverpackt grocery store has been trying to change customer habits since 2014 by selling everything,from grains to produce and even soaps without plastic packaging.The supermarket,which requires customers to bring their own reusable containers,even sells chewable toothpaste that needs no tu

30、bes.Though it is encouraging to see companies trying to make a difference,for real change to happen,consumers have to avoid products encased in plastics,even if it means giving up their favorite food or drink.As Sutherland put it,“Plastic food and drink packaging remains useful and yet a destructive

31、 presence on the earth for centuries afterwards.”-22-【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了阿姆斯特丹的Ekoplaza超市及世界其他的一些有名超市致力于為顧客提供無塑料通道,鼓勵顧客使用可再循環(huán)利用的購物袋,以減少塑料的白色污染。-23-4.What does Ekoplaza want to do by setting up a plastic-free aisle?A.Cut down managing cost.B.Reduce plastic-packaging.C.Make shopping much easier.D.Incr

32、ease the amount of sales. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ Now,Amsterdams Ekoplaza supermarket is making it a little easier for consumers to reduce consumption of single-use plastic bags and containers,which are blocking our landfills at alarming rates,with a special plastic-free aisle(通道).”可知,Ekoplaza超市正在努力以一種無塑料特別通道的方式使消費(fèi)者更容易減少對一次性塑料包裝和容器的使用。 答案解析關(guān)閉B-24-5.Which of the following can make a real difference?A.Consumers.