常用法規(guī)勞動法【英文】

1、Laborr Laww of the Peoppless Reppubliic off ChiinaOrderr of the Pressidennt 11994 No.28July 5, 11994The LLaborr Laww of the Peoppless Reppubliic off Chiina, adoppted at tthe EEightth Meeetinng off thee Staandinng Coommitttee of tthe EEightth Naationnal PPeoplles Conggresss of the Peoppless Reppublii

2、c off Chiina oon Juuly 55, 19994, is hherebby prromullgateed annd shhall comee intto efffectt as of JJanuaary 11, 19995.Presiidentt of the Peoppless Reppubliic off Chiina: Jianng ZeeminLaborr Laww of the Peoppless Reppubliic off Chiina(Adoppted at tthe EEightth Meeetinng off thee Staandinng Coommitt

3、tee of tthe EEightth Naationnal PPeoplles Conggresss on Julyy 5, 19944, prromullgateed byy Ordder NNo.288 of the Pressidennt off thee Peooples Reepubllic oof Chhina and effeectivve ass of Januuary 1, 11995)Conteents Chappter I Geeneraal Prrovissionss Chaapterr II Prommotioon off Empploymment Chappte

4、r III Laboor Coontraacts and Colllectiive CContrractss Chaapterr IV Workking Hourrs, RRest and Vacaationns Chhapteer V Wagees Chhapteer VII Occcupattionaal Saafetyy andd Heaalth Chappter VII Speccial Prottectiion ffor FFemalle annd Juuveniile WWorkeers CChaptter VVIII Vocaationnal TTrainning Chappte

5、r IX SSociaal Innsuraance and Welffare Chappter X Laabor Dispputess Chaapterr XI Supeervission and Insppectiion CChaptter XXII LLegall Ressponssibillity Chappter XIIII Suppplemmentaary PProviisionnsChaptter II Gennerall ProovisiionsArticcle 11 Thiis Laaw iss forrmulaated in aaccorrdancce wiith tthe

6、CConsttituttion in oorderr to prottect the legiitimaate rrightts annd inntereests of llaborrers, reaadjusst laabor relaationnshipps, eestabblishh andd saffeguaard aa labbor ssysteem suuitedd to the sociialisst maarkett ecoonomyy, annd prromotte ecconommic ddevellopmeent aand ssociaal prrogreess.Arti

7、ccle 22 Thiis Laaw apppliees too alll entterprrisess andd inddividdual econnomicc orgganizzatioons (hereeinaffter refeerredd to as eemplooyingg uniits) withhin tthe bbounddary of tthe PPeoplles Repuublicc of Chinna annd laaboreers wwho fform. a llaborr rellatioonshiip thherewwith Statte orrganss, in

8、nstittutioonal orgaanizaationns annd soocietties as wwell as llaborrers who formm. a laboor coontraact rrelattionsship therrewitth shhall folllow tthis Law.Articcle 33 Labborerrs shhall havee thee rigght tto bee empployeed onn an equaal baasis, chooose occuupatiions, obttain remuuneraationn forr the

9、eir llaborr, taake rrest, havve hoolidaays aand lleavees, oobtaiin prrotecctionn of occuupatiionall saffety and heallth, receeive traiiningg voccatioonal skillls, enjooy soociall inssurannce aand wwelfaare, and submmit aappliicatiions for setttlemeent oof laabor dispputess, annd otther righhts rrela

10、tting to llaborr as stippulatted bby laaw. LLaborrers shalll fuulfilll thheir laboor taasks, impprovee theeir vvocattionaal skkillss, foolloww rulles oon occcupaationnal ssafetty annd heealthh, annd obbservve laabor disccipliine aand pprofeessioonal ethiics.Articcle 44 Thee empployiing uunitss shaal

11、l eestabblishh andd perrfectt rulles aand rregullatioons iin acccorddancee witth thhe laaw soo as to eensurre thhat llaborrers enjooy thhe riight to wwork and fulffill laboor obbligaationns.Articcle 55 Thee Staate sshalll takke vaariouus meeasurres tto prromotte emmployymentt, deeveloop voocatiional

12、l eduucatiion, lay downn labbor sstanddardss, reegulaate ssociaal inncomees, pperfeect ssociaal innsuraance systtem, coorrdinaate llaborr rellatioonshiip, aand ggraduuallyy raiise tthe llivinng sttandaard oof laaboreers.Articcle 66 Thee Staate sshalll advvocatte thhe paarticcipattion of llaborrers i

13、n ssociaal voolunttary laboor annd thhe deeveloopmennt off theeir llaborr commpetiitionns annd acctiviitiess of forwwardiing rratioonal propposalls, eencouuragee andd prootectt thee sciientiific reseearchh andd tecchniccal rrenovvatioon enngageed byy labborerrs, aas weell aas thheir inveentioons aan

14、d ccreattionss; annd coommennd annd awward laboor moodelss andd advvanceed woorkerrs.Articcle 77 Labborerrs shhall havee thee rigght tto paarticcipatte inn andd orgganizze trrade unioons iin acccorddancee witth thhe laaw. TTradee uniions shalll reepressent and safeeguarrd thhe leegitiimatee rigghts

15、and inteerestts off labborerrs, aand iindeppendeentlyy connductt theeir aactivvitiees inn acccordaance withh thee laww.Articcle 88 Labborerrs shhall, thrroughh thee asssemblly off staaff aand wworkeersoorthheir conggresss,orrothher fformss in accoordannce wwith the provvisioons oof laaws, rulees ann

16、d reegulaationns, ttake partt in demoocrattic mmanaggemenntorrconnsultt witth thhe emmployying unitts onn an equaal foootinng abbout prottectiion oof thhe leegitiimatee rigghts and inteerestts off labborerrs.Articcle 99 Thee labbor aadminnistrrativve deeparttmentt of the Statte Coounciil shhall be i

17、in chhargee of the manaagemeent oof laabor of tthe wwholee couuntryy. Thhe laabor admiinisttratiive ddeparrtmennts oof thhe loocal peoppless govvernmmentss atoraabovee thee couunty leveel shhall be iin chhargee of the manaagemeent oof laabor in tthe aadminnistrrativve arreas undeer thheir resppectii

18、ve jjurissdicttion.Chaptter III Prromottion of EEmplooymenntArticcle 110 Thhe Sttate shalll crreatee connditiions for emplloymeent aand iincreease oppoortunnitiees foor emmployymentt by meanns off thee proomotiion oof ecconommic aand ssociaal deeveloopmennt. TThe SStatee shaall eencouuragee entterpr

19、risess, innstittutioonal orgaanizaationns, aand ssocieetiess to inittiatee inddustrriesoreexpannd buusineessess forr thee inccreasse off empploymment withhin tthe sscopee of the stippulattionss of lawss, annd addminiistraativee rulles aand rregullatioons. The Statte shhall suppport laboorerss to get

20、 jobss by orgaaniziing tthemsselvees onn a vvolunntaryy bassisoorbyy enggaginng inn inddividdual busiinessses.Articcle 111 Loocal peoppless govvernmmentss at variious leveels sshalll takke meeasurres tto deeveloop vaariouus kiinds of jjobiintrooducttion agennciess andd proovidee empploymment servvic

21、ess.Articcle 112 Laaboreers sshalll nott be disccrimiinateed aggainsst inn empploymment, reggardlless of ttheirr ethhnic commmunitty, rrace,orreliigiouus beelieff.Articcle 113 Feemalees shhall enjooy eqqual righhts aas maales in eemplooymennt. IIt shhall not be aallowwed, in tthe rrecruuitmeent oof

22、sttaff and workkers, to use as aa preetextt forr exccludiing ffemalles fform. empploymmentortto raaise recrruitmment stanndardds foor thhe feemalees, eexceppt foor thhe tyypes of wworkorppostss thaat arre noot suuitabble ffor ffemalles aas sttipullatedd by the Statte.Articcle 114 Whhere therre arre

23、sppeciaal sttipullatioons iin laaws, rulees annd reegulaationns onn thee empploymment of tthe ddisabbled, thee perrsonnnel oof naationnal mminorritiees, aand ddemobbilizzed aarmy men, succh sppeciaal sttipullatioons sshalll appply.Articcle 115 Noo empployiing uunitss shaall bbe allloweed too reccrui

24、tt juvvenilles uunderr thee agee of 16. Unitts off litteratture and art, phyysicaal cuulturre annd spport, andd speeciall artts annd crraftss thaat neeed tto reecruiit juuveniiles undeer thhe agge off 16 mustt go throough the formmalitties of eexamiinatiion aand aapprooval accoordinng too thee relle

25、vannt prrovissionss of the Statte annd guuarattee ttheirr rigght tto coompullsoryy eduucatiion.Chaptter IIII LLabouur Coontraacts and Colllectiive CContrractssArticcle 116 A laboour ccontrract is tthe aagreeementt reaachedd bettweenn a llabouurer and an eemplooyingg uniit foor thhe esstabllishmment

26、of tthe llabouur reelatiionshhip aand tthe ddefinnitioon off thee rigghts, intteressts aand oobliggatioons oof eaach ppartyy. A laboour ccontrract shalll bee conncludded wwheree a llabouur reelatiionshhip iis too be estaablisshed.Articcle 117 Cooncluusionn andd moddificcatioon off a llabouur coontra

27、act sshalll folllow the prinnciplles oof eqqualiity, voluuntarrinesss annd unnanimmity throough conssultaationn, annd shhall not run counnter to tthe sstipuulatiions of llaws, admminisstrattive rulees annd reegulaationns. AA labbour conttractt oncce cooncluuded in aaccorrdancce wiith tthe llaw sshal

28、ll posssesss leggal bbindiing fforcee. Thhe paartiees innvolvved mmust fulffill the obliigatiions as sstipuulateed inn thee labbour conttractt.Articcle 118 Thhe foollowwing laboour ccontrractss shaall bbe innvaliid: llabouur coontraacts conccludeed inn vioolatiion oof laaws, admiinisttratiive rrules

29、s andd reggulattionss; annd laabourr conntraccts cconclludedd by resoortinng too succh meeasurres aas chheatiing aand iintimmidattion. An invaalid laboour ccontrract shalll haave nno leegal bindding forcce frrom tthe vvery begiinninng off itss connclussion. Wheere aa parrt off a llabouur coontraact

30、iis coonfirrmed as iinvallid aand wwheree thee valliditty off thee remmainiing ppart is nnot aaffeccted, thee remmainiing ppart shalll reemainn vallid. The invaalidiity oof a laboour ccontrract shalll coonfirrmed by aa labbour disppute arbiitrattion commmitteeeorra ppeoplles courrt.Articcle 119 A la

31、boour ccontrract shalll bee conncludded iin wrritteen foorm. and conttain the folllowinng Cllausees:1.terrm off a llabouur coontraact;2.conntentts off worrk;3.labbour prottectiion aand wworkiing ccondiitionns;4.labbour remuuneraationn;5.labbour disccipliine;6.connditiions for the termminattion of aa

32、 labbour conttractt; annd7.ressponssibillity for the viollatioon off a llabouur coontraact.Apartt froom thhe reequirred cclausses sspeciifiedd in the preccedinng paaragrraph, othher cconteents in aa labbour conttractt mayy be agreeed uupon throough conssultaationn by the partties invoolvedd.Articcle

33、 220 Thhe teerm oof a laboour ccontrract shalll bee divvidedd intto fiixed termm, fllexibble ttermorttakinng thhe coompleetionn of a sppeciffic aamounnt off worrk ass a tterm. In casee a llabouurer has keptt worrkingg in a saame eemplooyingg uniit foor teen yeearsormmore and the partties invoolvedd

34、agrree tto exxtendd thee terrm off thee labbour conttractt, a laboour ccontrract withh a fflexiible termm shaall bbe cooncluuded betwween themm if the laboourerr so requuesteed.Articcle 221 A probbatioon peeriodd mayy be agreeed uupon in aa labbour conttractt. Thhe loongesst prrobattion periiod ssha

35、lll nott excceed six montths.Articcle 222 Thhe paartiees innvolvved iin a laboour ccontrract may reacch ann agrreemeent iin thheir laboour ccontrract on mmatteers cconceerninng keeepinng hee commmerccial secrrets of tthe eemplooyingg uniit.Articcle 223 A laboour ccontrract shalll teerminnate uponn t

36、hee exppirattion of iits ttermortthe eemerggencee of the condditioons ffor tthe ttermiinatiion oof thhe laabourr conntracct ass agrreed uponn by the partties invoolvedd.Articcle 224 A laboour ccontrract may be rrevokked uupon agreeemennt reeacheed beetweeen thhe paartiees innvolvved tthrouugh cconsu

37、ultattion.Articcle 225 Thhe emmployying unitt mayy revvoke the laboour ccontrract withh a llabouurer in aany oof thhe foollowwing circcumsttancees:1.to be pproveed noot upp to the requuiremmentss forr reccruittmentt durring the probbatioon peeriodd;2.to seriiouslly viiolatte laabourr disscipllinesso

38、rthe rulees annd reegulaationns off thee empployiing uunitss;3.to causse grreat lossses tto thhe emmployying unitt duee to seriious dereelicttion of ddutyoreengaggemennt inn mallpraccticee forr sellfishh endds; aand4.to be iinvesstigaated for crimminall ressponssibillitiees inn acccordaance withh th

39、ee laww.Articcle 226 Inn anyy of the folllowinng ciircummstannces, thee empployiing uunit may revooke aa labbour conttractt butt a wwrittten nnotifficattion shalll bee givven tto thhe laabourrer 330 daays iin addvancce:1.wheere aa labboureer iss unaable to ttake up hhis oorigiinal workkorany new wor

40、kk arrrangeed byy thee empployiing uunit afteer thhe coompleetionn of his mediical treaatmennt foor illlnesssorrinjjury not suffferedd at workk;2.wheere aa labboureer iss unqqualiifiedd forr hiss worrk annd reemainns unnquallifieed evven aafterr recceiviing aa traaininngorran adjuustmeent tto ann ot

41、hher wwork postt; annd3.no agreeemennt onn moddificcatioon off thee labbour conttractt cann be reacched throough conssultaationn by the partties invoolvedd wheen thhe obbjecttive condditioons ttakenn as the basiis foor thhe cooncluusionn of the conttractt havve grreatlly chhangeed soo thaat thhe orr

42、iginnal llabouur coontraact ccan nno loongerr be carrried out.Articcle 227 Duuringg thee perriod of sstatuutoryy connsoliidatiion wwhen the emplloyinng unnit ccomess to the brinnk off bannkrupptcyorrruns deepp intto diifficcultiies iin prroducctionn andd mannagemment, andd if reduuctioon off itss pe

43、rrsonnnel bbecommes rreallly neecesssary, thee uniit maay maake ssuch reduuctioon affter it hhas eexplaainedd thee sittuatiion tto thhe trradeunioonorr alll of its stafff annd woorkerrs 300 dayys inn advvancee, sooliciited opinnionss froom thhem aand rreporrted to tthe llabouur addminiistraativee de

44、ppartmment. Wheere tthe eemplooyingg uniit iss to recrruit perssonneel siix moonthss aftter tthe ppersoonnell redductiion eeffeccted accoordinng too thee stiipulaationns off thiis Arrticlle, tthe rreducced ppersoonnell shaall hhave the prioorityy to be rre-emmployyed.Articcle 228 Thhe emmployying un

45、itt shaall mmake econnomicc commpenssatioons iin acccorddancee witth thhe reelevaant pproviisionns off thee Staate iif itt revvokess itss labbour conttractts acccordding to tthe sstipuulatiions in AArticcle 224, AArticcle 226, aand AArticcle 227 off thiis Laaw.Articcle 229 Thhe emmployying unitt sha

46、all nnot rrevokke itts laabourr conntracct wiith aa labboureer inn acccordaance withh thee stiipulaationns inn Artticlee 26 and Artiicle 27 oof thhis LLaw iin anny off thee folllowiing ccircuumstaancess:1.to be cconfiirmedd to havee tottallyyorparttiallly loost tthe aabiliity tto woork ddue tto occc

47、upaationnal ddiseaasesoriinjurries suffferedd at workk;2.to be rreceiivingg meddicall treeatmeent ffor ddiseaasesoriinjurries withhin tthe ppresccribeed peeriodd of timee;3.to be aa femmale stafff meemberrorworkker ddurinng prregnaant, puerrperaal,oorbrreastt-feeedingg perriod;orotheer ciircummstann

48、ces stippulatted bby laaws, admiinisttratiive rruless andd reggulattionss.Articcle 330 Thhe trradeunioonoff an emplloyinng unnit sshalll havve thhe riight to aair iits oopiniions if iit reegardds ass inaapproopriaate tthe rrevoccatioon off a llabouur coontraact bby thhe unnit. If tthe eemplooyingg u

49、niit viiolattes llaws, rulles aand rregullatioonsoorlaabourr conntraccts, the traddeunnionshalll haave tthe rrightt to requuest for recoonsidderattion. Wheere tthe llabouurer appllies for arbiitrattionorbbringgs inn a llawsuuit, the traddeunnionshalll reenderr himm suppportt andd asssistaance in aac

50、corrdancce wiith tthe llaw.Articcle 331 A laboourerr whoo inttendss to revooke hhis llabouur coontraact sshalll givve a writtten notiice tto thhe emmployying unitt 30 dayss in advaance.Articcle 332 A laboourerr mayy nottify at aany ttime the emplloyinng unnit oof hiis deecisiion tto reevokee thee la

51、bbour conttractt in any of tthe ffolloowingg cirrcumsstancces:1.witthin the probbatioon peeriodd;2.wheere tthe eemplooyingg uniit foorcess thee labboureer too worrk byy ressortiing tto viiolennce, intiimidaationn or3.illlegall resstricctionn of perssonall freeedomm; orr4.faiiluree on the partt of th

52、e emplloyinng unnit tto paay laabourr remmunerratioonorrto provvide workking condditioons aas aggreedd upoon inn thee labbour conttractt.Articcle 333 Thhe sttaff and workkers of aan ennterpprisee as one partty maay cooncluude aa colllecttive conttractt witth thhe ennterpprisee on mattters relaatingg

53、 to laboour rremunnerattion, worrkingg houurs, restt andd vaccatioons, occuupatiionall saffety and heallth, and insuurancce annd weelfarre. TThe ddraftt colllecttive conttractt shaall bbe suubmittted to tthe ccongrress of tthe sstafff andd worrkerssorto aall tthe sstafff andd worrkerss forr disscuss

54、sion and adopptionn. A colllectiive ccontrract shalll bee conncludded bby thhe trradeunioononn behhalf of tthe sstafff andd worrkerss witth thhe ennterpprisee; inn an enteerpriise wwheree thee traadeuunionnhass nott yett beeen seet upp, suuch ccontrract shalll bee alsso cooncluuded by tthe rrepreese

55、nttativves eelectted bby thhe sttaff and workkers withh thee entterprrise.Articcle 334 A colllectiive ccontrract shalll bee subbmittted tto thhe laabourr admminisstrattive depaartmeent aafterr itss connclussion. Thee colllecttive conttractt shaall ggo innto eeffecct auutomaaticaally if nno obbjectti

56、onss aree raiised by tthe llabouur addminiistraativee deppartmment withhin 115 daays ffrom the datee of the receeipt of aa coppy off thee conntracct.Articcle 335 Coollecctivee conntraccts cconclludedd in accoordannce wwith the law shalll haave bbindiing fforcee to bothh thee entterprrise and all of

57、iits sstafff andd worrkerss. Thhe sttandaards on wworkiing ccondiitionns annd laabourr payymentts aggreedd upoon inn labbour conttractts cooncluuded betwween indiividuual llabouurerss andd thee entterprrisess shaall nnot bbe loower thann thoose aas sttipullatedd in colllectiive ccontrractss.Chaptter

58、 IIV Woorkinng Hoours, Resst annd VaacatiionsArticcle 336 Thhe Sttate shalll prractiise aa worrkingg houur syystemm undder wwhichh labboureers sshalll worrk foor noo morre thhan eeightt houurs aa dayy andd no moree thaan 444 houurs aa weeek onn thee aveeragee.Articcle 337 Inn casse off labboureers w

59、workiing oon thhe baasis of ppieceeworkk, thhe emmployying unitt shaall rratioonallly fiix quuotass of workk andd staandarrds oon piiecewwork remuuneraationn in accoordannce wwith the workking hourr sysstem stippulatted iin Arrticlle 366 of thiss Laww.Articcle 338 Thhe emmployying unitt shaall gguar

60、aanteee thaat itts sttaff and workkers havee at leasst onne daay offf inn a wweek.Articcle 339 Whhere an eenterrprisse caan noot foolloww thee stiipulaationns inn Artticlee 36 and Artiicle 38 oof thhis LLaw ddue tto itts sppeciaal prroducctionn natture, it may adoppt otther rulees onn worrkingg houu