高一英語(yǔ)同步課件：Module 4 Fine Arts - Western,Chinese and Pop Arts -Grammar（外研版必修2）

1、1attemptvt. & n. C試圖；企圖He made an attempt on the world record.他試圖打破世界記錄。知識(shí)拓展attempt to do sth. 試圖做某事He attempted to climb the mountain.他試圖攀登那座山。make an attempt to do/at doing sth.試圖做某事She made no attempt to help me.她不想幫助我。attempt doing sth. 試圖做某事in ones attempt to do力圖；試圖干注意：attempt比try稍正式，常暗含不成功的意味

2、；attempted adj. 未遂的；意圖的；an attempted murder蓄意謀殺即學(xué)即用A man is being questioned in relation to the _murder last night.AadvisedBattendedCattempted Dadmitted答案：C2promise n&v.1)n. C諾言；U希望；前途；Marys father made her a promise that she would take her to China, which is likely to come true next month.瑪麗的父親曾向她許

3、諾要帶她去中國(guó)，這一諾言有可能在下個(gè)月變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。Mary is a scientist of promise.瑪麗是一位很有希望的科學(xué)家。2)vt. (mised，mising)允許；答應(yīng)有希望；預(yù)示：The weather promises a good harvest.天氣預(yù)示會(huì)有好收成。It promises to be fine this afternoon.今天下午有希望晴天。They promised (us) an immediate reply.他們答應(yīng)(我們)立即給予答復(fù)。知識(shí)拓展promising adj. 有前途的；有希望的；有出席的make (sb.) a promis

4、e to do sth.許諾做某事carry out a promise 履行諾言keep ones promise/word 遵守諾言break ones promise/word 失信；食言eat ones word (被迫)收回前言；認(rèn)錯(cuò)道歉promise is(a due)debt 欠債要清；許愿要還promise little but do much 少許愿；多做事注意：break ones word與eat ones word意義不同。高考直擊(2010福建28)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the mon

5、eymaking jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns.A. promised B. were promisedC. have promised D. have been promised解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：“每年大量的農(nóng)民工涌入深圳，為了離開(kāi)家向前許諾的掙錢的工作。”由句中arrive及before leaving their hometowns可知，該空應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。其余三項(xiàng)不符合句意的時(shí)態(tài)要求。答案：D即學(xué)即用(2008湖北)The young man made a_to his parents that he would

6、try to earn his own living after graduation.Aprediction BpromiseCplan Dcontribution答案：B3portrait n. C畫(huà)像，肖像，人像This is the portrait of George Washington.這是喬治華盛頓的畫(huà)像。助記各種“像”：詞語(yǔ)辨析：portrait, painting, drawing, pictureShe had her portrait painted.她請(qǐng)人畫(huà)了幅肖像。Its a watercolour painting.這是一幅水彩畫(huà)。I found her in h

7、er study working on some drawings.我發(fā)現(xiàn)她在書(shū)房里作畫(huà)。May I take a picture of you?我可以給你照相嗎？知識(shí)拓展名詞picture 圖畫(huà)動(dòng)詞depict 描繪，描寫名詞portrait 肖像動(dòng)詞portray 刻畫(huà)4realize vt.1)實(shí)現(xiàn)Only by working hard can we realize our hopes.只有通過(guò)努力才能實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的愿望。2)認(rèn)識(shí)到；了解Many people have realized the importance of foreign language as a tool.很多人已經(jīng)認(rèn)

8、識(shí)到外語(yǔ)作為一種工具使用的重要性。聯(lián)想come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)His ambition has been realised. (=His ambition has come true.)他的雄心得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。知識(shí)拓展realistic adj. 現(xiàn)實(shí)的；現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的，寫實(shí)主義的Jane is a very realistic person.簡(jiǎn)是一個(gè)很現(xiàn)實(shí)的人。This book gives a realistic description of the life of ordinary people in Beijing.這本書(shū)寫實(shí)地描述普通北京人的生活。高考直擊(1)(2010全國(guó)II19)Excu

9、se me I _ I was blocking your way.Adidnt realize Bdont realizeChavent realized Dwasnt realizing解析：時(shí)態(tài)考查。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，后文暗示過(guò)去時(shí)。答案：A(2)(2008浙江)_that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.ANot realized BNot to realizeCNot realizing DNot to have realized解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。句意：埃里克因?yàn)椴恢雷约阂呀?jīng)身處險(xiǎn)境，所以他走進(jìn)

10、了密林深處。不定式一般作目的狀語(yǔ)或結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，可排除；此處Eric和realize之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故不用過(guò)去分詞，過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)。答案：C即學(xué)即用(2009天津南開(kāi)?？?She _her intention of becoming an actress.Apromised BrealizedCpractised Dregarded答案：B1in some way 在一定程度上注意：in some ways 在某些方面In some ways, he is very clever.在某些方面，他很聰明。知識(shí)拓展all the way 一路上；自始至終by the way 順便說(shuō)一下by

11、way of 通過(guò)方式；經(jīng)由give way 讓路；讓步；屈服in a way 在某點(diǎn)上；在某種程度上in no way 決不；一點(diǎn)也不make ones way 前往；行進(jìn)under way 進(jìn)行中高考直擊(2007陜西)I think he is taking an active part in social work.I agree with you_.Ain a way Bon the wayCby the way Din the way解析：in a way“在某種程度上”；on the way“再路上”；by the way“順便說(shuō)一下”；in the way “擋路”。答案：A即

12、學(xué)即用The computer has brought about surprising technological changes _we organize and produce information.Ain a way Bin the wayCin that way Din no way答案：B2put on (或put sth. on)1)穿上；戴上He took off his uniform and put on a sweater and trousers.他脫下制服，穿上了毛衣和褲子。2)(人)增加體重；發(fā)胖Rosies put on five kilos since she

13、 gave up smoking.自從Rosie戒煙以來(lái)，她已胖了5公斤。3)開(kāi)燈；播放(唱片、磁帶、CD)等He got up and put on the light.他起了床并把燈打開(kāi)。4)上演；表現(xiàn)We will put on an English play next week.下周我們將演出一個(gè)英語(yǔ)話劇。知識(shí)拓展put back 退回；開(kāi)倒車put down 撲滅；平息；記下put up 掛起；建造；搭起；舉薦put up with 容忍；忍耐put away 放好；收拾好；儲(chǔ)蓄put aside 放一邊；儲(chǔ)蓄put forth 長(zhǎng)出；發(fā)表put forward 提出(建議)put

14、off 推遲put into (in) force 使生效put into power 使上臺(tái)執(zhí)政put through 接通 ；實(shí)現(xiàn)put into practice (operation) 付諸實(shí)踐高考直擊(2010全國(guó)II8) My mother opened the drawer to_the knives and spoons.Aput awayBput up Cput on Dput together解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。 put away “放好，收拾起來(lái)”；put up“舉起，搭建，張貼，掛起”； put on “穿上，戴上”；put together “組裝，裝配，把湊合起

15、來(lái)”。答案：A即學(xué)即用(2009安徽)Just as Professor Scotti often_it, success is ninetynine percent mental attitude.AgetsBmakesCputsDmeans答案：C解析：考查了動(dòng)詞的搭配。as sb. puts it是一個(gè)口語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)，意為“正如某人所說(shuō)”。句意為“成功是由99%的精神態(tài)度決定的”。I like pictures that show reality.我喜歡那些表現(xiàn)現(xiàn)實(shí)的繪畫(huà)。that show reality是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾pictures。關(guān)系代詞that作主語(yǔ)，不可省略，也可用which替代

16、。The picture that/which was painted by the little boy is very interesting.那個(gè)小男孩畫(huà)的圖畫(huà)很有趣。Last Sunday we went to work on the farm that/which is five kilometers away.上周日我們到五公里外的那個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)參加勞動(dòng)。知識(shí)拓展高考偶爾考查that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。that可指人或物，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。下列情況只用that，不用which：1)當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)以及the only, the very, the same, a

17、ll, every, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時(shí)。This is the best film that I have ever seen.這是我看過(guò)的最好的一部電影。Is oxygen the only gas that helps fire burn?氧氣是唯一助燃的氣體嗎？2)當(dāng)先行詞本身是all, everything, nothing, anything, little, few, much, something等不定代詞以及先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。All that we can do is (to) wait for him to make a de

18、cision.我們能做的就是等他來(lái)作出決定。There is nothing that we can do.我們無(wú)能為力。3)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是以who, which等開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。Which speaker is it that makes so much noise?是哪一個(gè)揚(yáng)聲器弄出那么大的聲音？Who is the man that hes talking with?與他談話的那個(gè)男子是誰(shuí)？即學(xué)即用The thought of going home to his family was all _kept him happy while he was working abroad.Athat

19、BwhatCthoseDwhich答案：A1動(dòng)詞的ing形式和動(dòng)詞不定式用法例句英語(yǔ)中許多動(dòng)詞后面常接動(dòng)詞的ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。這類動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：avoid, admit, consider, dislike, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, practise, appreciate, escape, mind, miss, delay, deny等。You should avoid making the same mistake next time.下次你應(yīng)避免犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。He is considering going abroad.他在考慮出國(guó)。Do you m

20、ind my opening the window？你介意我打開(kāi)窗戶嗎？Why have they delayed opening the new school？他們?yōu)槭裁囱舆t成立新學(xué)校的時(shí)間？用法例句英語(yǔ)中有一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)常接動(dòng)詞的ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。這類動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：insist on, object to, be good at, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, get/be used to, pay attention to, be fond of, be worth等。He is good at singing

21、.他擅長(zhǎng)唱歌。We are looking forward to seeing you again.我們盼望能再見(jiàn)到你。Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.任何值得做的事就值得做好。不定式可以作一些動(dòng)詞如want, hope, wish, decide, promise, agree, pretend, demand, desire等的賓語(yǔ)，“疑問(wèn)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)還可作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。I have decided to study engineering.我決定學(xué)工程學(xué)。How I wish to have another day o

22、ff！我多么想再有一天假期?。he promised to come at nine oclock.她答應(yīng)9點(diǎn)來(lái)的。She gave me lots of valuable adivce on how to lose weight.她給我提供了一些如何減肥的好建議。用法例句不定式作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)，其后跟補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而把不定式后置。I think it necessary to reserve air tickets.我認(rèn)為預(yù)訂機(jī)票是非常有必要的。I make it a rule to do shadowboxing every morning.我養(yǎng)成了每天早上打太極拳的習(xí)慣。be

23、gin和start后既可接動(dòng)詞的ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，也可接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但以下情況需要用動(dòng)詞不定式：(1)當(dāng)begin或start用于進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)；(2)當(dāng)begin或start的主語(yǔ)是事物時(shí)；(3)當(dāng)begin或start后跟的是不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的表示心理活動(dòng)或精神狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞(如feel, think, realize)時(shí)。The ice is beginning to melt.冰塊開(kāi)始融化。Soon it began to rain.很快天開(kāi)始下雨了。He started to realize the importance of English.他開(kāi)始意識(shí)到英語(yǔ)的重要性。用法例句在某些動(dòng)詞后

24、既可接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，也可接動(dòng)詞的ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，并且意義上差異不大。如prefer, learn, continue等。He prefers to travel on his holidays. (He prefers travelling on his holidays.)他更喜歡假日旅行。They continuted talking/to talk after the meal.飯后他們繼續(xù)談話。助記跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞/短語(yǔ)：考慮建議盼原諒(consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon)承認(rèn)推遲沒(méi)得想(admit

25、, delay/put off, fancy)避免錯(cuò)過(guò)繼續(xù)練(avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practise)否認(rèn)完成停能賞(deny, finish, stop, enjoy/appreciate)不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡(cant help, mind, allow/permit, escape)不準(zhǔn)冒險(xiǎn)憑想象(forbid, risk, imagine)2動(dòng)詞的ing形式作主語(yǔ)用法例句動(dòng)詞的ing形式直接作主語(yǔ)。Reading is an art.讀書(shū)是一種藝術(shù)。Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suff

26、er.在這種條件下工作不是一種樂(lè)趣，而是一種痛苦。用it代替動(dòng)詞的ing形式作主語(yǔ)It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收。It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.勸說(shuō)這種人加入我們是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。作there be no句型中的主語(yǔ)。There is no joking about such matters.這種事情開(kāi)不得玩笑。There is no denying the fact that the new method has greatly raised labour pro

27、ductivity.不容否認(rèn)新方法大大提高了勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率的事實(shí)。動(dòng)詞的ing形式作主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)的用法比較：區(qū)別例句表示一般抽象時(shí)，二者可以互換。Reading/To read good books makes us happy.讀好書(shū)使我們快樂(lè)。表示具體情境下或有待于完成的動(dòng)作，通常用動(dòng)詞不定式；表示一般的、抽象的、多次性的行為通常用動(dòng)詞的ing形式。Playing/To play with fire is dangerous.玩火危險(xiǎn)。To finish reading such a long novel will take me several days.讀完這么長(zhǎng)的小說(shuō)要花去我好

28、幾天時(shí)間。當(dāng)it為形式主語(yǔ)時(shí)，二者可以互換。It is difficult to solve that problem. (It is difficult solving that problem.)解決那一問(wèn)題很難。動(dòng)詞的ing形式著重過(guò)程，不定式著重結(jié)果。Staying at home on Sundays is my favorite.星期天我最喜歡呆在家里。(強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程)To stay at home on Sundays is my favourite.星期天我最喜歡呆在家里。(強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果)高考直擊(1)(2009陜西卷)I still remember_to the Famen Tem

29、ple and what I saw there.A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken 解析：題意：我仍然記得被帶去法門寺的情景以及在那里看到的一切。remember后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事，接不定式表示要做的事。根據(jù)題意“記得被帶去過(guò)法門寺”判斷應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式。答案：D(2)(2009上海春)_ loud music in public is against the law in the UK.APlay BHaving playedCPlaying DBeing played解析：題意：在英國(guó)，公共場(chǎng)合播放喧噪

30、的音樂(lè)是違法。陳述一般事實(shí)用動(dòng)名詞的一般式作主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞play與music構(gòu)成邏輯上主謂關(guān)系，故不用被動(dòng)式；動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)不能充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；此處不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作上的先后 關(guān)系，不用完成式。答案：C(3)(2009上海)Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.Ahaving held Bto holdCholding Dhold解析：題意：貝爾建議就假期為上海世博會(huì)做點(diǎn)什么一事開(kāi)個(gè)會(huì)。suggest后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，根據(jù)題意應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞的一般式。答案：C(4)(2009上海)David threatened _ his neighbour